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J.J. GariIett& B.W.Dinsmore & Co. 



U.EM, SCOTT « CO., PRINTERS, BOUVERIE »TREET, E.C. 



A. S, Seer's Print, 'ffi 



\ 



Established in the Reign of King George the Fourth. 

HENRY HEATH, 

105-107-109, OXFORD ST., W. 

ONLY ONE ADDRESS 



"THE MANUFACTORY. 

OVER AGAINST NEWMAN ST. 




ENGLISH-MADE 

FELT HATS. 



"The felt hats introduced 
by Mr. Henry Heath are well 
worthy of Notice. They are 
thoroughly serviceable, and the 
waterproof silk galoon, with 
which they are trimmed, is an 
%l^V -^ excellent invention, — " The 



Queen," June 27. 



rlfcU 




Soft Ventilated Felt, all shades, 
trimmed rich Weatherproof Silk, 
15s., 18s. 6d. Free by Parcels 
Post. 

cot- 

NEW SHOW-BOOMS FOR LADIES' HATS. 

HUNTING HATS ! 0il6l™ 

FOR IND^jfc 




' 



GENTLEMEN'S HATS OF EVERY KIND. 

88EB ilStS iU$&£8$2 ( gi S®^E^&^$mknr*m**. boston, u.s.a ; 



-I 



V „ 



«LSP 



B 



"THE MANUFACTURING 



GOLDSMITHS & SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY 

Show Rooms-112, REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. 

Supply the Public direct, at Manufacturers' Prices, saving Purchasers from 25 to 50 per ceni 

"Their work is exquisitely finished."— The Times. 
'An unrivalled display of Jewellery and Diamonds."— The Queen. 

JEWELLERY DEPARTMENT. 




TINE GOLD 
PADLOCK 

BRACELET, 
To open with key, 
in Morocco case. 

Price .. £4 



Awarded Seven 
Gold and 

Prize Medals 
and the Legion 

ot Honour. 



BRACELETS, 

BROOCHES, 

NECKLETS, 

EAR-RINGS 

RINGS, 

PINS, 

STARS, 

SPRAYS, &c. 



The Stock of Jewellery ant 
Diamond, Sapphire, Pearl am 
other Gem Ornaments is th 
largest and choicest in Londor 
and contains new and origins 
designs not to be obtained else 
where, an inspection of which i 
respectfully, invited. All gooc 
marked in plain figures for casl 
without discount. 



ILLUSTRATED CATALOC 

Post Free to all parts of the world. 



SOLID SILVER. 

' The assortment of Goods suitable for Wedding, 
Birthday, Christening, or Complimentary Presents, 
is the largest and choicest in London. Many of the 
designs are reproductions of the antique, at about one- 
third the cost of the original, whilst others are the 
Company's Special Designs, and cannot be obtained 
elsewhere. 



Tea Services. 
Dessert Services. 
Dinner Services. 
Coffee Trays. 
Dessert Knives. 
Fish Knives. 
Entree Dishes. 
Dish Covers. 
Silver Bowls. 
Silver Cups- 
Candlesticks. 



The Company's A Quality 

£10:10:C ANTE EN. 



LIST OF CONTENTS. 

6 

4 



12 Table Forks 
12 Dessert Forks 
12 Table Spoons 
12 Dessert Spoons 
12 Tea Spoons 
1 Sugar Spoon 
1 Butter Knife 




ELECTRO PLATE. 

The Goods Manufactured 
the Company are trebly plate 
with Pure Silver on the fines 
Nickel Silver, are unsnrpasse 
for durability, and are equal i 
design and finish to Solid Silvei 

Although the prices in this Dc 
partment are lower than charge* 
by Stores and Furnishing Iror 
mongers, the quality is im 
measurably superior. 



Egg Spoons 
Salt Spoons 

1 Soup Ladle 

2 Sauce Ladles 
1 Gravy Spoon 
1 Sugar Tong. 
1 Mustard Spool 

Each piece is plated with pure Silve 
on hard white Nickel, and is high 
recommended for hard wear. 

SPECIAL DESIGNS 
and ESTIMATES 
PRESENTATION PLAT 

Furnished FREE on 
Application. 



fo 



All Goods marked 
Plain Figures for Cas 
without Discount. 






THE MANUFACTURING 



GOLDSMITHS & SILVERSMITHS' COMPANY. 

Show Rooms-112, REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. 

MANUFACTORY— CLERKENWELL. 




W.Watson & Sons 

Opticians to H. M. Government. 

313, High Holborn, London. 



ESTABLISHED 1837 



DISSOLVING VIEWS. 

TRIPLE, BI-UNIAU SINGLE LANTERNS 

Photographic Lantern Yiews 

OF ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD. 

Descriptive Illustrated Cata- 
logue Post Free, to any address, 
on application. 

Ask for Lantern List. 

BINOCULAR, FIELD AND 
MARINE GLASSES, 

THE HIGHEST QUALITY AND MOST 
POWERFUL OBTAINABLE. 

Illustrated Catalogue Free- 

Ask for Optical List. 

W. WATSON & SONS, 
213, High Holborn, London. 



DORE AND SONS, 

tjjlr-dass {(attars, 

80, KING WILLIAM STREET ; 70, CORNHILL ; 
8,' BUCKLERSBURY^QUEEN VICTORIA STREET. 




SPECIALITIES 



THE GUINEA TROUSERS & FOUR GUINEA LOUNGE SUITS. 

Less lO per Cent, for Cash. 

MORNING COATS and VESTS from 70s. 

Less lO per Cent, for Cash. 



jwifww* » v » » » ■» »»» ' , r » ,,».,»»■ i 



rwmw M»» »t» »»»»»»» » ■ 



Having already a large American connection, we respectfully 
invite visitors to inspect our large and varied stock which com- 
prises some of the most recherche materials, several of which can 
only be obtained from our firm. 

b 1 




To save time is to 
lengthen life" Do 
you value life? 
Then use 

SAPOLIO. 

It ts & solid cake of 
Scout i n <5 so&.]d, Try i fc 

in "your next house- 
cleaning. 1 

It costs but 3/4 d. toer 

cake, but you wouldn't 

take & pound for it - 
&f ketone trial.' 



5-0.-A-P.-5-0-D-A 

^-A-PO-N-AC-fo" 






He had sma.Il skill o 
horse flesh who bouof 

a goose to ride on" 
But it ss just as fool i si 

to use ordinary soap 
for "scourmg Use 

SAPOLIO] 

wh i ch i s e'xa, c t Fy 
suited to such work 

All Grocers and Oil 
men Keep -it, and no 

family should be withe 



The oider one ^tows, the more one knows" 







" When Che vind U 

'"Sv 



The Chinese s*y. £ |re yoU r 

your fire, <k s use V5l in house-c\e 

^AboJt ha\fyour to.m f 



,, AMERICAN EXHIBITION, »# 

LONDON, 1887. 



Official Catalogue 



OF THE 



EXHIBITION, 



WITH AN 



ILLUSTRATED HISTORY OF THE UNITED STATES, 



THEIR ORIGIN AND GROWTH, 



A CENTURY OF PROGRESS. 



New York and London: 

J. J. GARNETT, AND B. W. DINSMORE & GO. 

[All Bights Reserved.] 



iff-1 



NERVOUS^EXHAUSTION. 

PULVERMACHER'S WORLD-FAMED GALVANIC BELTS for the 
cure of NERVOUS EXHAUSTION AND DEBILITY have received testi- 
monials from three Physicians to Her Majesty the Queen, and over Forty 
Members of the Royal College of Physicians of London. 

The distressing symptoms of NERVOUS EXHAUSTION AND DEBILITY 
are speedily removed by means of PULVERMACHER'S world-famed 
GALVANIC BELTS, which are so arranged as to convey a powerful electric 
current direct to the affected parts, gradually stimulating and strengthening all 
the nerves and muscles, and speedily arresting all symptoms of waste and decay. 

Dr. Vines, Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, writes, 19th September, i88"5 • — 
"Having used Mr. PULVERMACHER'S BELTS for many years, in the course of medical 
practice, I am in a position to speak of their great value as a curative agent in cases of nervous 
disease or functional malady where Electricity is likely to be serviceable. I am entirely con- 
vinced of their efficacy." 

Dr. C. Handfield Jones, F.R.C.P., F.R.S., Physician to St. Mary's Hospital, says:— "I am 
satisfied that Mr. PULVERMACHER is an honest and earnest labourer in the field of science, 
and I think he deserves to meet with every encouragement from the protession and scientific 
men." 

Dr. Golding Bird, M.D., Physician to Guy's Hospital, says : — "I can hardly recommend 
Mr. PULVERMACHER'S INVENTION too strongly to the notice of my medical brethren " 

Sir Charles Locock, Bart., M.D., says :— PULVERMACHER'S BELTS are very effective 
in neuralgia and rheumatic affections, and I have prescribed them largely in my practice for 
other similar maladies, paralysis, etc." 



For full Price List and Particulars see new Pamphlet "GALVANISM* 
NATURE'S CHIEF RESTORER OF IMPAIRED VITAL ENERGY." 
Post free, from 

PULVERMACHER'S GALVANIC ESTABLISHMENT, 

194, REGENT STREET, LONDON, W. 

OSLER'S CHINA & 

CRYSTAL GLASS 

SERVICES. 



" The Visitor to London who leaves without seeing the 
Show Rooms of Messrs. Osler has missed one of the 
sights of the metropolis." — Vide Land and Water. 



ELECTROLIERS, 

CHANDELIERS, 

Newest Designs in Glass, and Brass and Glass, — _ _ _ —^ ~*t 

for Candles or Gas ; N /V IYI £^ £> 

and every description of Electrical Fittings. * *"* 



FLOWER STANDS, AND 

TABLE DECORATIONS IN 

GLASS AND CHINA. 



SHOW ROOMS: 100, OXFORD STREET, W. 




Contents. 



CONTENTS. 



» • 



Preface 

Officers of the Exhibition, etc. 

Introduction . . . . . • 

Buffalo Bill's Wild West 

The Gardens . . . . • • 

History of the United States :— 

North America 

The Aboriginal Period 

The Colonial Period 

The New Zealand Colonies 

Connecticut . . 

Bhode Island 

New Hampshire 

New York . . 

New Jersey . . 

Pennsylvania and Delaware 

Maryland . . . . • • . 

North and South Caroline 

French and Indian Wars 

The Constitutional Period 

The United States. . 

The New England States 

The Southern States 

The Central States 

The Western States 

The Pacific States 

Political and Geographical Features 

Resources and Industries 

American Literature 
Ground Plan of Main Building 
Classification 
Exhibitors : — 

Dept. I. Agriculture 

,, II. Mining and Metallurgy 
,, III. Machinery 
„ IV. Manufactures . . 
„ V. Education and Science 
„ VI. Fine Arts 
Complimentary Lists 

Index to Illustrations 

Alphabetical List of Exhibitors 



Pages 

.. 5 

.. 7 

.. 11 

.. 17 

.. 21 

.. 2< 

.. 31 

.. 34 

.. 36 

.. 43 

.. 45 

.. 45 

.. 46 

.. 48 

.. 49 

.. 50 

.. 51 

.. 55 

.. 59 
..63 

.. 65 

.. 74 

.. 81 
..85 

.. 89 

.. 93 

.. 94 

.. 104 

.. 106 

.. 109 

.. 113 

.. 127 

.. 129 

.. 147 

.. 173 

.. 180 

.. 181 

.. 182 

.. 183 






American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



GENUINE 






titer 



CURIOUS 



OLD COINS, MEDALS, 



Etc., Etc. 



The Best Store in London. — 



SPINK & SON, 
(Mfcsmitbs & Silversmiths, 

2, GRACECHURCH ST., CORNHILL, 
Esut, 1772.] LONDON, E.G. [&<«&. i 772 . 

lllllllllHIIIIHUIIlHIIEBIIItWmflHnamHmWMIHfllltHIHHUigiBflimHMUllBIIIHIIUllillllBlllllillKIMIiafllllH 

Under the patronage of 

Her Moist G[^y\cioug MyvjEjsTY The Queen. 

Close to the Bank of England, and within three minutes 
of Cannon Street or Monument Stations. 



oaeqp 

Publishers' Preface. 



PUBLISHERS' PREFACE. 



When the reader has scrutinised the illuminated cover of this 
book, it will be scarcely necessary to describe its scope or 
purpose. 

The story so beautifully told by the artist is of a nation 

which, beginning with the Bed Man in his wilds, has passed 

through the processes of discovery and settlement, and finally 
attained the highest development of civilization. 

It is a story that pertinently precedes the record of achieve- 
ments in the arts, sciences, manufactures and industrial pursuits, 
which, with illustrations of frontier life in the Great West, are 
exemplified in this American Exhibition. 

Not every one even in America knows the early history of his 
country, the character of the men who planted the seeds of its 
marvellous growth, and can intelligently give credit to their 
ancestors for the part they performed in building up a mighty 
empire ; and it is to those who would know more of a subject 
so interesting to Englishmen, who have a right to feel proud of 
the sturdy ancestors who made such an American Exhibition 
possible, as well as to those who look to England as their 
''mother country," that this work is dedicated. 



THE PUBLISHERS. 



New York and London, 

May, 1887. 







American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

FREEMAN'S CHLORODYNE 

The ORIGINAL and ONLY TRUE. 




h 'itwnvfnr~-~ It * s the Greatest Medical Discovery of the Present Century, and d 
WIDE M&R& ** regarded as a boon to mankind. 

It is the best known remedy for Coughs, Colds, Consumption, Whooping Cough, Bronchitis, and Asthma. 

It effectuallylchecks [and arrests those too-often fatal diseases— Diphtheria, Diabetes, Fever, Croup 
Ague, etc. 

It acts like a charnitin Diarrhoea, and is the only known Specific in Cholera and Dysentery. 

It effectually cuts short all attacks of Epilepsy, Hysteria, Palpitation, Convulsions, and Spasms. 

It is the only palliative in PJieumatism, Gout, Cancer, Toothache, Neuralgia, Sciatica, Lumbago, etc. 

It rapidly relieves pain from whatever cause ; allays the irritation of fever ; soothes and strengthens 
the system under exhausting diseases, restores the deranged functions, stimulates healthy action of the 
secretions of the body, gives quiet and refreshing sleep, and marvellously prolongs life It may be 
taken by Old and Young at air hours and times according to the directions. 

It is extensively used by Medical Men in their official and private practice, at Home and Abroad 
who have given numerous written testimonials of its wonderful efficacy. 

Sold by Chemists and Patent Medicine Dealers all over the World in bottles, Is. l|d. ; 2oz., 2s. 9d. 
4oz., 4s. fd. ; half-pints, lis. ; and pints, 20s. each ; and by the Inventor— 
RICHARD FREEMAN, 70. Kennington Park Boad, London, S.E. Free bti post. 

Swears & Wells, 

192, REGENT STREET, LONDON, 



MANUFACTURERS AND WAREHOUSEMEN OF DRY GOODS 

To Her Majesty the Queen and Royal Family, and the Courts and 
leading Families in Europe, Asia, Africa, America and Australia. 

DEPARTMENTS. 

British, Scotch and Irish Hosiery and Underwear; British and French 
Gloves; British-made Shirts, Collars, and Cuffs; Children's English 
Tailoring; Misses' In-door and Out-door Costumes and Millinery; 
Infants', Children's, and Ladies' English and Irish Under-linen; Boots 

and Shoes. 






SPECIALITIES. 

British Hosiery ; London-made Gloves ; London-made Shirts anp 
Under-linen ; Boys' London-made English Style of Clothes ; Girls' 
London-made English Styles of In-door and Out-door Costumes and 
Millinery ; Infants', Children's, and Ladies' London-made Irish Linen and 
English Longcloths Underwear ; 9 and 16 Thread English-made Silk 
Underwear ; the celebrated Hibernian Under-linen for Ladies, etc. ; Infants' 
Children's, Ladies', and Gentlemen's London-made Boots and Shoes. 

ESTABLISHED IN THE REIGN OF GEORGE III. 

STREETER & CO, 18, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, I , 

The only Jewellers whose Stock consists of one uniform quality of Gold, 

viz., 1 8 carat. 






^REETER'S London-made 
T^IAMOND JEWELLERY, 

WHITE and M ODEBN C UT. 
ROM £5 to £5,000. 



SPECIMEN PEARLS, 

DIAMONDS, 



»> 



5? 



55 



RUBIES, 
SAPPHIRES. 



F 

Streeter and Co., Goldsmiths, 18, New Bond St., W. 



Officers. 



% \\t Jtmmtatt (Mtbittfltt, 

LONDON, 1887. 



PRESIDENT OF THE EXHIBITION. DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 

HENRY S. RUSSELL. JOHN R. WHITLEY. 



MEMBERS OF THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL. 

JOHN R. WHITLEY, Chairman. HENRY S. RUSSELL. 

BURNET LANDRETH. RONALD GOWER. 

JNO. GILMER SPEED. F. 0. HUGHES-HALLE TT, M.P. 

VINCENT A. APPLIN. J. T. GRIFFIN. 

E. A. BUCK. WM. LEE THORNTON. 

WM. D. GUTHRIE. JOHN PRIESTMAN. 



EXECUTIVE OFFICERS. 

Director in the United States - - - - BURNET LANDRETH. 

Secretary of the Exhibition - - - - - JNO. GILMER SPEED. 

Secretary of the Association - - - - - VINCENT A. APPLIN. 

Chief of General Staff ------ FRED* C. PENFIELD 

Chief of Installation RUFUS M. SMITH. 

Chief of Fine Arts Department - JOHN SARTAIN 

Architect and Surveyor- - - - - - JOHN GIBSON. 

Chief of Machinery Department - ? - ALFRED PICKARD 

Chief of Horticultural Department - - - WM. GOLDRING. 

Accountant - - - ALFRED JOHNSON. 

Treasurer J- F. TANNER. 

Chief Correspondent ------ JOHN T. DONNOLLY. 

Chief of Ticket Department WM. J. ROWE. 

Press Representative TOWNSEND PERCY 

Medical Director Dr. J. B. W. BIDLACK. 

Chief of Janitors L. H. SKINNER. 

Superintendent of Entrances - GEORGE GRAINGER. 

Consulting Engineer ------ FLORENCE O'DRISCOLL. 



8 American Exihbition Official Catalogue. 



BANKERS. 
GLYN, MILLS, CURRIE and CO., London. 



ACCOUNTANTS AND AUDITORS. 

TURQUAND, YOUNGS and Co., London. 



SOLICITORS. 

ULLITHORNE CURREY and VILLIERS, London. 



VICE-PRESIDENTS OF THE HONORARY COUNCIL OF WELCOME. 

HIS EMINENCE HENRY EDWARD, CARDINAL MANNING. 

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF ROXBURGHE. 

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF MANCHESTER, K.P. 

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF NORTHUMBERLAND. 

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF WELLINGTON. 

HIS GRACE THE DUKE OF SUTHERLAND, KG. 



EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF THE HONORARY COUNCIL OF WELCOME. 
Lord RONALD GOWER, Stafford House, St. James's. 
Sir JOHN HERON-MAXWELL, Bart., Carlton Club. 
Sir JOHN E. MILLAIS, Bart., 2, Palace Gate, Kensington. 
Sir SYDNEY WATERLOW, Bart., 26, Great Winchester Street, B.C. 
Sir DAVID SALOMONS, Bart., 41 Lowndes Square, S.W. 
Col. F. C. HUGHES- HALLETT, M.P., 108, Cromwell Road, S.W. 
Sir H. P. de BATHE, Bart., Hollandsfield, Chichester. 
J. H. PULESTON, Esq., M.P., 2, Bank Buildings-, Princes Street, E.C. 
Sir J. J. COGHILL, Bart., 8, Penywern Road, South Kensington. 
Sir CHARLES CLIFFORD, Bart., Hattherton Hall, Cannock, Staff. 
E. NORTH BUXTON, Esq., Knighton, Buckhurst Hill. 
HENRY. IRVING, Esq., Lyceum Theatre. 
Col. PAGET MOSLEY, Carlton Club. 

Dr. MORRELL MACKENZIE, 19, Harley Street, Cavendish Square, W. 
GILEAD SMITH, Esq., Sc. George's Club, Hanover Square. 
Major S. FLOOD PAGE, Albert Mansions, Victoria Street. 
Sir JOSEPH FAYRER, 53, Wimpole Street, W.~ 
WILKIE COLLINS, Esq., 90, Gloucester Place, Portman Square. 
CHARLES WYNDHAM, Esq., Criterion Theatre, Piccadilly. 
HENRY SETON-KARR, Esq., M.P., Queen's Gate. 

HON. SECRETARY. 

J. STEPHEN JEANS, Esq., 2, Victoria Mansions, Westminster. 




Officers. 



9 



ADVISORY COUNCIL. 
GEORGE M. PULLMAN, Chicago. 



NORVIN GREEN, New York. 
ALBERT BIERSTADT, New York. 
JOHN LUCAS, Philadelphia. 
THOMAS COCHRAN, Philadelphia. 
N. K. FAIRBANK, Chicago. 
JOHN B. CARSON, Chicago. 



W. J. COLEMAN, San Francisco. 
W. H. THOMSON, St. Louis. 
WM. EDWARDS, Cleveland. 
L. M. DAYTON, Cincinnati. 
JOHN E. GREEN, Louisville. 
ROBERT W. FURNAS, Nebraska. 



COMMISSIONERS APPOINTED BY THE GOVERNORS TO REPRESENT THEIR 

RESPECTIVE STATES. 

California A. ANDREWS, of San Franciseo. 

Colorado" ------ NOEL MAY, of Denver. 

OEORGIA THOMAS P. STOVALL, of Atlanta. 

Idaho - - - - " • " " p - J - KINNEY » oi Boise €tfc ^ 

Kansas FREDERICK COLLINS. 

Louisiana - - - - " " SAMUEL P. BLANC, of-New Orleans. 

JAMES T. GRIFFIN, of London, Eng. 

Mai ^. . - - - - - - J. B. HAM, of Lewiston. 

Maryland J - THOMAS SCHARF, of Baltimore. 

Michigan F. W. NOBLE, of Detroit. 

Minnesota ------- W.D.WASHBURN. 

Montana - - - - " " J0HN E - KENNEDY, of Blatehford. 

Nebeaska W. F. CODY, of North Platte. 

Nevada - - - - - - " W. M. HAVENER, of Reno. 

New Jersey- - - - - - WM. S. TAYLOR, of Burlington. 

New Mexico - - - - - - W. B. SLOAN, of Santa Fe. 

North Carolina - - . - - - P. M. WILSON, of Raleigh.. 

Oregon E. W. ALLEN, of Portland: 

Pennsylvania - - - - - J- '<*> DITMAN, of Philadelphia. 

Rhode Island ----- MARK H. WOOD, of Barrington Centre. 

South Carolina A. P. BUTLER, of Columbia. 

Tennessee ------ L. B. McWHIRTER, of Nashville. 

Texas . . . . - - - S. J. T. JOHNSON, of Corsicana. 

Vermont JOHN B. MEAD, of Randolph. 

Virginia - - - '- - " E. B. MOON, of Richmond, 



10 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Stock Exchange Speculations. 

■+— 

Large Sums are daily made by judicial 
Speculation in Stocks and Shares. 

We open Speculative Accounts on 
1 per Cent. Cover. 

Correspondence invited. Every infor- 
mation and advice given. 



itn 



AYLMER & CO., 

STOCK BROKERS AND SHARE DEALERS, 

4, COPTHALL CHAMBERS, LONDON, E.C. 

CHEAP FUEL GAS 

FOR 



GAS ENGINES 

AND 




HEATING . 

50 % SAVING 

Compared with ordinary 
Lighting Gas. 



»i»mii»i»p 
For Particulars apply to 

THE DOWSON 

ECONOMIC GAS 4 POWER CO., 

LIMITED. 

3, GREAT QUEf N STREET, 

WESTMINSTER, London, S.W 



Introduction. 



11 



INTRODUCTION 



About three years ago Mr. John E. Whitley, of London, being on 
a tour round the world, reached New York on his homeward 
journey. He read in the New York Herald a paragraph to the 
effect that it was intended to hold an American Exhibition in 
London early in the following year. This interested him so much 
that he resolved to engage his energies in the undertaking, which, 
whilst it promised congenial employment for his activity, seemed to 
him to be exceedingly attractive, and likely to become most popular, 
and also of vast benefit to the commerce of the United States. 
He had before him the example, in London, of the International 
Fisheries Exhibition, which had been so eminently successful, 
financially and otherwise, and he felt sure that an Exhibition, 
organised upon a first-class administrative and business-like plan, 
stood a fair chance of success. Fully aware of the progress 
made by America in manufactures and commerce within the past 
thirty years, he felt persuaded that an Exhibition which should 
illustrate this progress in a practical manner was thoroughly 
calculated to extend commercial relations with Europe, and 
also with the British Colonies. He foresaw what an excellent 
opportunity such an Exhibition afforded Americans for making 
what might be termed an official debut in the biggest market of the 
Old World, and it is an unquestioned fact that the United States 
produce a great number of raw articles, as well as of manufactured 
goods, which were and are still unknown in England, and it is equally 
.certain that the only means of placing them advantageously 
before the British public was by means of a public Exhibition, 
.at which people could judge for themselves of their value and 



12 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



!l J '^ ; Whltle y P laced himself immediately in communication 
with the American who had originated this idea. It then 
transpired that it was this gentleman's purpose to hold an 
International Exhibition in London in 1885, and the Exhibition 
was to be called American, because the idea of it was conceived in 
America. Mr. Whitley was of opinion, however, that it would be wiser- 
to defer opening the Exhibition until 1886, and that it should be 
confined entirely to exhibits from the United States; for he knew ' 
from considerable experience acquired as an exhibitor at great" 
International Exhibitions, how exhibitors have felt the utter impos- 
sibility of showing themselves at their best when their space 
was cut down to an insufficient minimum. In considering this; 
matter, it seemed to Mr. Whitley that it was time to initiate a 
thoroughly new departure in Exhibitions, and he conceived the* 
notion that no nation could better inaugurate such a departure 
than the American. His proposition was accepted, and practical 
work begun by consulting some of the most prominent men in 
Great Britain as to how such an undertaking would be received by 
the English public, which, of course, would contribute by far the 
larger number of visitors to . see this practical evidence of the 
progress made by Americans in arts and industries. The result 
was that a number of gentlemen, representing almost every class. 
ot society m England, declared that they thought such an Exhibi- 
tion as the one proposed would be not only of the greatest possible 
interest and value, but extremely popular with the masses. Bepre- 
sentative Americans were next consulted, and the answer from the 
other side of the Atlantic was identical with the one received from 
Englishmen, though much more modest, for Americans desired to 
know first of all, whether even a peaceful invasion, such as was con- 
templated, would be really welcome in the Old World. In order the 
better to prove to the people of America that they would be most 
cordially received with the truest hospitality and friendship, a 
Oouncil ol Welcome was immediately formed in England which 
consists (rf about a thousand gentlemen distinguished in art, lite- 
rature, science, manufactures, and commerce. It having 'been 
demonstrated, in a general way, that there were no insuperable 
objections on the part of the British public, it became necessary to 
determine the best manner of organizing and developing the whole 
undertaking. Hitherto all great Exhibitions had been under the 
fostering carfe of one Government or another. It was naturallv 
unbecoming that the United States Government should take the 
initiative^ and ask permission of the British Government to hold an 
official Exhibition in the Metropolis of the United Kingdom and 
it was equally absurd to expect that the British Government— as 
a Government— should invite citizens of the United States to come 
and exhibit m London evidences of their wealth and progress in 
civilisation, for, however much such an Exhibition would be inte- 
resting to the individual Englishman, it unquestionably could not 
possibly concern the British Government, as a Government It 
therefore devolved upon private individuals to take the initiative 




Introduction. 13 



either in an individual or in a corporate capacity. It was, of course, 
evident that, by adopting this course, criticism would be invited 
from all those who had been in the habit of looking to govern- 
mental aid in such undertakings ; this prospective criticism, how- 
ever, only acted as an additional incentive to Mr. Whitley, and the 
American colleagues whom he had invited to associate themselves 
with him, to demonstrate what individual effort can accomplish. 
The plans of organisation were presented in detail to the principal 
, United States Consuls resident in Europe, and, without exception, 
,the enterprise was commended by these gentlemen, who weh knew 
what would be the requirements for a thorough representation of 
the ever-increasing industries and resources of the New World. 

Of course, the national government could not be asked to give 
.any pecuniary assistance ; to have asked for this would have been 
to abandon the fundamental principle of the organisation; but the 
originators hoped that so complete an Exhibition of the products 
and resources of the States and Territories could be made that any 
capitalist seeking an investment in the United States, or any dis- 
criminating man desirous of fixing his home there, would, after 
several visits to the proposed Exhibition, be in a position to arrive 
at a reliable conclusion as to what it would be best for him to do, 
and that in this way the Exhibition would become, as it has, a 
national undertaking in the broadest and best sense of the term. 

In the early part of 1886 the opening of the Exhibition was 
postponed from May of that year till May of 1887. Since that 
time the executive officers have been hard at work ; with what 
result the visitor can now judge for himself. 

The main building is constructed of iron and glass, and in the 
simplest but most substantial manner. The length of the principal 
gallery is 1,140ft., and its width throughout 120ft. Annexed is a 
refreshment saloon, 90ft. wide by 240ft. long ; and close to it is the 
Fine Arts building, consisting of seven rooms, which, owing to the 
immense value of the works they contain, is built of brick, and is 
perfectly fireproof. Each room is admirably lighted from the roof. 
The front central room is known as " the Queen's Boom," the two 
principal works in it being oil portraits of Her Majesty Queen 
Victoria, painted by James Sully, the American artist, in 1837. 
The larger of the two portraits has been loaned as a Jubilee offering 
to the Executive Council of the American Exhibition by the St. 
George's Society, of Philadelphia, in whose important and historic 
building the painting is looked upon as the most valuable in the 
Society's collection, and occupies the place of honour. The smaller 
portrait of Her Majesty the Queen has been loaned by the Marqais 
of Ormonde, and brought for the purpose from Kilkenny Castle, 
Ireland, where it also occupies the place of honour. 

Six of these rooms are filled with works by American 
artists, and one large room is devoted to a display of American 
hunting trophies, collected by Mr. E. North Buxton, and con- 
tributed by a number of English sportsmen, who _ have hunted 
in America. An imposing covered bridge, the Washington Bridge, 



14 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



connects the Exhibition proper with the Grand Stand, which has 
been erected in-the Arena of the " Wild West," whence no less than 
25,000 spectators can witness the " Sports of the Wild West." Seven 
other bridges have been constructed, so as to facilitate the passage 
of visitors from one part of the Exhibition to another, and 
over the different railways which intersect the grounds. Bound the 
grand stand is a refreshment bar about 700ft. in length, and there 
are four other bars in other parts of the main building and grounds. 
In addition to these are a band stand in the western gardens two 
electric light sheds, one 120ft. long by 60ft. in width, whilst the 
second measures 70ft. by 35ft. The Soda-water Pavilion in the main 
building is 20ft. by 20ft. Finally, there are no less than seven 
entrances, a Concert-Eoom and Theatre capable of seating 1,800 
persons, an English Club-house, provided by the Council of Welcome, 
a Diorama of the Harbour of New York, with a replica in miniature 
(contributed by M. Bartholdi, the sculptor) of the statue of " Liberty 
enlightening the World," a tobogganing slide, a switch-back railway, a 
number of Exhibitors' kiosques and pavilions, lager beer saloons, 
stables for 200 horses, sheds for goods, and several excellent water- 
proof stores for empty packing-cases, etc. Although economy has 
been used throughout, still the general appearance of the buildings, 
which are constructed of wrought iron tie-rods, old railway rails, 
with a roof of galvanised iron, and glazed skylights, is imposing 
and elegant. 



HARRIS JONES & COMPANY 



ARE 



HIGH-CLASS TAILORS, 
265 and 267, OXFORD STREET, LONDON, W. 

And having a large connection in the States, thoroughly understand the Taste 
and Style of American gentlemen. The prices of garments are as follows : 



O 



PRINCE ALBERT FROCK - - from £2 10 to £4 10 O 

MORNING COAT - - . . „ 2 2 to 4 4 O 

V£ ST - - . . „ O 12 6 to O 17 6 

PANTS .... ?j 16 O to 1 10 

DRESS SUITS „ 4 10 O to 6 10 O 

SPRING AND FALL OVERCOATS - „ 2 2 to 3 10 

WINTER „ -' „ 3 O to 5 O 

5 per cent, discount for cash. 
An inspection invited of one of the best and largest stock of goods in London 

265 & 267, OXFORD ST., LONDON, W. 



Advertisements. 15 



ROMFORD BREWERY. 

OLonoon ©trice:— 25, OSBORN STREET, E. 



Messrs. IND, COOPE & CO, 

Beg respectfully to call attention to the annexed List of Prices 

of their celebrated 

ROMFORD ALES, STOUTS and PORTER, 

In 9, 18 and 36 -gallon Casks. 
LIST OF DEPOTS. ^ 

BRENTFORD, 184, High Street. xO 

^BRIGHTON, 35, King's Road. j^ 

CHATHAM, 33, Military Road. j® 

CROYDON, Railway Station, New Croydon. ^ > . 

*EASTBOURNE, Commercial Road. «.. JL 

ENFIELD, Market Place, N. VI 

GREENWICH, 7, London Street, S.E. <&* ^3?* .gj 3 , 

^HASTINGS, 3, Claremont. A pfv s ~^ 

REDHILL, Brighton Road. <£r Af 

STRATFORD, The Broadway, E. ^JOj. ▼ LIST 

SURBITON, Victoria Wharf, Vic- *<? Q* of 

WATFORD, Near the Railway •&? *& PRICES, 

Station. Q» ^ ; .^ fl - - d A 

WINDSOR, Peascod Street. f\ jjtr QUAL- 2^ *H 3=3 

WOOLWICH, S.Wellington „ W ^ ITIES -|^ g« s2 

Street. <g> > *« *" 
^WORTHING, South St. y* <S° „ XXX K 

^^ CT Strong Ale - 66/0 » 33/0 17/e 

^ ^? XXK Do ' - 6o / 3 °/° l6 /° 

* 2/0 per Barrel, 1/0 per O /> P.A. IndiaPaLE ALE 60/0 30/0 16/0 

Kilderkin and 0/6 per Cy +S& X.K. BlTTER ALE - 45/0 22/6 12/0 

Firkin charged extra >kV/ vV 4 ^ -r^ Z.(lu ,«/« T n/rv 

from these Depots. O ^ AK ' D °' 3 6 /° l8 (° ( 

w ,ry K.A. Do. ----- 33/0 16/6 9/0 

,/-N«s ^XV XXX.M. Rich Mild Ale -45/0 22/6 12/0 

. V. >CV 55T XX.M. Do. Do: - - 36/0 18/0 10/a 
^^y > Double Stout (Invalids' 

r Nourishing) - - - - - 60/0 30/0 15/0 

a,. Single Stout 5°/o 25/0 12/6 

Jf Porter- ---------- 38/0 19/0 9/6 

&> Table Beer --------- 26/0 13/0 7/0 

ST i 

All Orders are delivered the day after being received 
in London and the Depots. 

ROMFORD LIGHT DINNER ALE 

And ROMFORD STOUT (Nourishing and Strengthening 

In BOTTLE, 

Can also be obtained through all GROCERS AND WINE MERCHANTS. 






16 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE 



WILD WEST SHOW 

IS LIGHTED BY THE 

ANGLO-AMERICAN 

Brash Electric Light 

CORPORATION, LIMITED. 

MANUFACTUEEES OF 

ELECTRICAL APPARATUS 

FOR ARC AND INCANDESCENT SYSTEMS. 

CONTRACTORS FOR 

Installations of Electric Light and Power. 

CONSULTING ENGINEERS. 



Information and Estimates furnished upon application to the 

Secretary at 

112, BELVEDERE ROAD, LONDON, S.E. 

(Southern end of Charing Cross Foot Bridge). 

AlPcommunications relating to BEUSH ELECTRIC LIGHTING 
Business in the UNITED STATES and CANADA, should be 

addressed to the 

BRUSH ELECTRIC COMPANY, 

CLEVELAND, OHIO, U.S.A. 






Buffalo Bill's Wild West. 



17 



BUFFALO BILL'S WILD WEST, 

From the Plains of America. 

No Exhibition of ''America in miniature" would be complete 
without a faithful representation of the conditions of life in the Ear 

West. 

The Wild West Exhibit is located on the eastern section of the 
grounds, covering about seven acres of land, and is accessible by 
Washington Bridge, which connects it with the main building, by a 
covered way from Earl's Court Station, and two gateways, one in 
the Warwick Eoad and the other in the Lillie Eoad directly 
opposite the West Brompton Station. 

The Wild West is designed to illustrate the life of the frontiers- 
man and the North American Indian, and to graphically pourtray 
the methods by which the United States have been civilised, from 
the Atlantic to the Pacific coast. It must be distinctly borne in mind 
that this representation is given by the real people, who have been 
brought five thousand miles from their prairie homes, and by 
Indians taken from their reservations by permission of the United 
States Government. 

The grounds are triangular in shape. The Grand Stand faces 
the east, and is the largest structure of the kind ever erected in 
England. It is entirely covered, and is crescent-shaped. It will 
hold about 20,000 people. Under the Grand Stand are refresh- 
ment bars. 

The arena in front of this stand is about one -third of a mile in 
circumference. The scenery which surrounds this is painted on 
canvas, and extends to a great height, shutting out the neighbouring 
houses. It is merged at the bottom into rocks, trees and 
shrubbery, giving a realistic representation of a rocky pass in the 
mountains through which the scouts and Indians defile upon the 
plains, represented by the arena. 

Concealed by this rocky gorge, and adjoining the entrance from 
Warwick Eoad, will be found the " Corral," an enclosure for the safe 



18 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



keeping of animals. In this are contained a herd of buffaloes, a herd 
of elk, and a few specimens of the " Washoe Canary," or mountain 
burro, a species of donkey used in transporting ores from the 
mountain mines to the plains below. Some specimens of the small 
black-tailed deer also find a temporary home in this corral. 

The stables are ranged on each side of the roadway leading 
from Warwick Road to the camp. They contain 166 bronco 
horses and Indian ponies. These are fine specimens of the wild 
horses of the plains, which are the progeny of the Berber horses 
which escaped from the Spanish invaders, and whose descendants 
overspread the prairies of the West. 

The word " bronco "is of Spanish origin, and is used on the 
plains irrespectively to mean rough or unbroken as regards either 
horses or ground. They are small animals, averaging about 
thirteen hands in height, and weighing 5001bs. to 6001bs., but are 
remarkable for their endurance and fleetness. Many of them are 
parti-coloured, and these are called by the Indians " Cyuse " and 
by the Cowboys " Pintos." They are also generically known as> 
" mustangs." 

Among them are some incorrigible " buckers," or wild horses, 
so called from their peculiar manner of "buck jumping," with the 
object of unseating their riders. Among the horses in the stables 
is a dark bay gelding named Charlie, now nineteen years old, and 
which has been ridden by Buffalo Bill (Col. W. F. Cody) for over 
fourteen years. " Charlie " has been with Col. Cody in many cam- 
paigns in the Indian country, notably in that of 1876, when 
" Buffalo Bill" killed Chief " Yellow Hand," and on one occasion 
he performed the feat of carrying Col. Cody one hundred miles 
over a prairie country in nine hours and forty-five minutes, rider 
and trappings weighing 2431bs. 

The stable-yard contains the historic Deadwood stage coach,, 
which was repeatedly attacked by Indians and road-agents (high- 
waymen), in the same condition that it was in when last attacked. 

In the rear of the Grand Stand and extending towards Lillie 
Road will be found the encampment of Indians, Cowboys, Mexi- 
cans, etc. 

This encampment gives an exact idea of the life in camp of 
Indian fighters on the one hand, and of that of their enemies on- 



Buffalo Bill's Wild VSest. 19 



the other. Entering the enclosure from Washington Bridge, leading 
from the main building, the Indian camp will be found on the 
right Here are a band of Indians of the Sioux, Cheyennes, 
Ogallallas, Arapahoes, Shoshones, and other tribes They are 
living in their high conical tents (decorated with rude drawings, 
symbols of the sign language), which are called " tepees." They 
are accompanied by their " squawk " and " pappooses," or wives 

and children. j . ,, 

The entire band is under the command of " -tied bnirt, a 
distinguished Indian chief and warrior, who has intelligently 
accepted the situation, since being conquered. There are here also 
specimens of half-breed interpreters and " squaw men, or white 
men who have married squaws and joined the Indians. 

On the left are the quarters of the daughters of pioneers and 
frontiersmen, who, from the circumstances and stern necessities of 
their early life, have become accomplished rifle shots, and bold and 

•daring horsewomen. t ■* 

Farther down, on the right of this pathway, will be found a 
rude cabin used to cook the rations, and to the right and left the 

mess tents. , 

Turning up the Avenue are found the tents of the Cowboys, 

the Mexicans, and the Cowboy Band. 

The word " Cowboy" is used to describe the most expert and 
accomplished herder of cattle. A cowboy passes through the 
various grades of range-worker, cow-puncher, brander, herder, road 
worker, and trail-guide, until he is competent to command a 
large body of assistants, and safely care for and pilot thousands of 
head of cattle any distance or to any place. More than this, he 
is an accomplished Indian fighter and rifle shot, and necessarily 

.a superb horseman. 

The cowboy is not unfrequently a college-bred man, who has 
adopted this strange calling from pure love of adventure, and many 
.of the cattle kings of America have risen from cowboys, among 
them the Marquis de Mores, son of the Duke of Vallambrosa. 

The cowboy band has been organised from those cowboys who 
have cultivated a natural talent for music to while away the idle 
hours of camp life. On the left are the staff tents and the quarters 
.of Sergeant Bates, who carried the American Flag throughout the 
Civil War, and afterwards throughout the Southern States and 

-Great Britain. 

On the brow of a small hill facing the entire encampment is 
pitched the Official Headquarter tent of the Wild West Company. 
It is occupied by Mr. N. Salsbury, who is business manager and 
vice-president of the Company. To Mr. Salsbury's skill as a 
manager is due, in a great measure, the financial success of the 

•enterprise. . 

In the centre of the camp, at the foot of the bluff, is the head- 
quarter tent of Col. William F. Cody, known all over the world as 
■" Buffalo Bill," a sobriquet applied to him after his unparalleled 
feat of killing 4,862 buffaloes in one year, besides deer and antelope, 



20 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



to supply meat to the labourers engaged in building the Kansas 
Pacific Railway. 

Born in Iowa, his parents removed to Kansas while he was a 
mere child, and his father was killed in the " Border War" whilst 
Col. Cody was yet a boy. Thrown on his own resources at an 
early age, his life from that time to this has been a record 
of the most marvellous adventures. Colonel Cody has been 
despatch bearer, pony express or mail carrier, wagon-train guide,, 
wagon-train master, train master, hunter, trapper, trailer, guide, 
scout, stage driver, Indian fighter, and in short has passed through 
every phase of border life until he reached the position of " Chief 
of Scouts of the United States Army," and in that capacity he has 
been the trusted comrade and friend of the most famous generals 
and Indian fighters of the United States. 

In 1876 he accompanied Gen. E. A. Carr, U.S.A., on the Black 
Hills Expedition, to avenge the massacre of Gen. Custer, and, on 
coming up with the Indians, he rode out in front of the two 
opposing forces, drawn up in line of battle, and killed Chief 
" Yellow Hand ' in single combat before the general engagement 
began. 

Col. Cody is a perfect horseman, an unerring shot, and of 
magnificent presence and physique. Gen. Carr, in his report, says 
of him : " His personal strength and activity are very great. His, 
eyesight is better than a good field-glass, he is the best trailer I 
ever heard of, and he is a most extraordinary hunter." 

He owns a large ranch on the North Platte River, in 
Nebraska, has been a member of the State Legislature, and is now 
colonel and aide-de-camp on the staff of the Governor of that State. 

The exhibition is given in the arena twice daily, at 3 and 
8 p.m., and the camp and grounds are open to inspection at all 
times from 10.30 a.m. to 10.30 p.m. . 



AMERICAN DENTAL INSTITUTE, 

55, ST. JAMES'S STREET (near Piccadilly). 



IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIHUI,,!,,,,, 



The acknowledged superiority of American Dentistry has encouraged the- 
Promoters of the above Institute to found an establishment in London where 
the services of the best American Practitioners in Dentistry may be secured at 
uniform and moderate fees. The highest operative skill, the most finished work- 
manship, and the most modern and efficacious appliances of the Dental Art 
have been obtained. 

SPECIALITIES :— The construction of ARTIFICIAL TEETH WITH- 
OUT PLATES, and the Painless Treatment and saving of all Teeth, however 
badly decayed. The Dentists in attendance are — 

Dr. CLIFFORD, D.D.S., of New York College. 
Dr. CURTIS, D.M.D., of Harvard University. 

Dr. HUNTLEY, D.D.S., of Pennsylvania University, Philadelphia. 
Dr. WILLIAMS, D.D.S., of Baltimore College, Specialist for the 
Insertion of Artificial Teeth without Plates. 
The privacy of the most refined dental practice is observed throughout the 
Institute. No appointment or fee necessary for consultation. For further par- 
ticulars or pamphlet, apply to the Secretary. 



Buffalo Bill's Wild West Camp. 21 



BUFFALO BILL'S WILD WEST CAMP. 



TENTS. 

Seventeen Indian Teepees. 
Forty-seven Camp and Dining Tents. 

WAGONS. 

The original Deadwood Stage Coach. 

Three " Prairie Schooners." 

One Band Wagon. 

Three Dead Axle Wagons. 

HOUSES, 176. 

'Thirty-three Oregon. 
Twenty-one Kigyuse. 
Twenty-eight Broncos. 
Thirty-three Mustangs. 
Ten California Half-breeds. 
Twenty-nine Indian Ponies. 
'Twenty Bucking Horses. 
Two American Draught Horses. 

mules, 12. 

Six Missouri. 
Two Bucking Mules. 
Two Spanish-American. 
Two Kentucky. 



^Nine. 



Two. 



ELK. 



DEEK. 



STEEES. 



Eight Wild Texas Steers. 
Two Work Oxen. 



Sixteen. 



BUFFALOES. 



INDIAN TROPHIES. 



Bows and Arrows, War Bonnets, War 
Shirts, Lances, War Clubs, Shields, 
Scalps, &c. 



SADDLES. 



200 genuine Mexican and Cowboy 

Saddles. 
100 Indian Saddles. 



EFFECTS 



Captured in various Indian campaigns 
by Scout Cody. 



BAND INSTRUMENTS. 

Two Zacatecas, Buffalo-mounted. 
Eight American, do. do. 

ARMOURY. 

Sporting Bines. 

Shot Guns. 

Winchester Repeating Rifles. 

Revolvers. 

Bowie Knives. 

Cavalry Sabres 



W. F. Cody (Buffalo Bill) 
Nate Salsbury 
Jno. M. Burke 
Albert E. Sheible 
Jule Keen 
Carter Couturier^ 
Thos. J. Cash 
Harry A. Lee 
Frank Richmond 
Wm. C. Gayler 
W. 0. Snyder 
Lew Parker 
J. S. Cannon 
Robt. Morris 
Buck Taylor 
Cherokee Bill 
Jim Mitchell 
Dick Johnson 



STAFF. 

Frank Whelan 
Tom Webb 
Broncho Bill 
Billy Pugh 
Jno. Hancock 
Billy Bullock 
Jim Kid 

Broncho Charley 
Johnny Baker 
Tom Duffy 
Maror Beardsley 
Kit Buell 
Tony Esquivel 
W. Langon 
Chas. Smith 
Thos. Mahoney 
H. Hunstine 
Dave Lawrence 



Robt. Taylor 
Joe Artman 
Cal Mullen 
Chas. Bumback 
Dave Wilson 
Henry Lounge 
Louis Hatch 
Wm. Lansfield 
Wm. M'Cune 
Court Mason 
Frank Wilson 
C. A. Bailey 
Chas. Davis 
John Oakes 
A. Marchand 
Wm. Sweeney 
Chas. Sturm 
W. H. Cox 



22 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 





staff (continued). 






D. W. Shoemaker 


Eddie Goodman 


Mrs, A. Esquivel 




Chris Schetting 


Bob Williams 


Antonio Provost 




H. Kniep 


S. Canfield 


John Higby 




Jno. Link 


CD. Maxwell 


Fred. Lavigne 




Andrew Link 


Burt Fuller 


J. K. Whaley 




Thos. Murphy 


Jesse Hinds 


James Brown 




S. K. Thomes 


Eugene Overton 


Jno. Dunn 




Leon Joret 


Jno. Boyer 


Wm. Hunt 




Juan Bille 


J. Ferguson 


Jno. Hayday 




Timeteo Caber 


Jno. Nelson 


Arn. Robinson 




D. F. Esquivel 


Frank White 


Knocker Ring 




Jose Romay 


A. Jalbert 


Tom Cupping 




Serapio Rivera 


E.Lehfelt 


John Jones 




Ben Galindo 


J. Small 


James Bass 




Andreas 


E. Y. Snyder 


J. W. Herbert 




Pedro Esquivel 


G. W. Turner 


Geo. White 




Emilio Guiterrez 


C. J. Johnson 


Jas. Quinn 




Carlo Martinez 


D. J. Merrill 


Jas. Cutter 




Sancho Hernandez 


Frank Smart 


Jno Gaines 




Don Henriques 


C. P. Illman 


Swift Jackson 




Antonio Pubero 


Miss Emma Hickock 


Henry Martin 




Dovaro Finellio 


„ Delia Ferrell 


Andrew Wood 




Ed. King 


,, Poncha Aguero 


Samuel Arthur 




Arthur King 


,, Annie Oakley 


Wm. H. Harrison 




Mustang Jack 


,, Lilian Smith 


Frank P. Nicoll 




Capt. Fred. Matthews 


,, Georgie Duffy 


James Kitchen 




Henry Melmer 


,, Bessie Ferrell 


Edward M'Pherson 




Tom Williams 


,, Fannie Woodward 


Oliver Stevens 




Sergt. Bates 


,, Lizzie Stanton 


Morris Kerns 




Fred. Bowman 


Mrs. Margaret Whitaker 


Jas. Mulroy 




Barney Comrie 


,, Annie Ferrell 







The following North American Indians are included in the " Outfit " of 

Buffalo Bill's Wild West Exhibition : 



Indian Names. English Equivalent. 

Chief of the Sioux Nation. 
Ogila-sa Red Shirt. 

Cut-off Band of Sioux. 



Wan-Kan-Ki-yan 

Pahawanka 

Tata-Ka-wi-sa. . . 
Wable-gle-gra . . . 
Wahorpileta . . . 
Wi-Keu-Ke-to . . 

Ki-ci-e-cun 

Too-ti 

Haraka-Wable . 
Wable-canto . . . 
Wahan-pa-mani . 
Cet-an-ogoiko . . . 
T anka-ska-hinka 

Sunka-ska 

Sunka-wanaga . 
Iyan-mato 



Flies Above, chief 
.Medicine Hill 
. Bull Man 
.Spotted Eagle 
.Red Nest 
Blue Rainbow 
. Woundsone another 
. Wounded 
. Eagle Elk 
.Eagle Heart 
.Arrow Wound 
. Swift Hawk 

Slow White Bull 
.White Horse 
.Dog's Ghost 
. Rocky Bear 



Indian Names. English Equivalent, 

Cast-off Band of Sioux (continued). 

Mato-yanni Three Bears 

Zenkaelo-ska . . . .White Bird 
Chiyrolo-wapato . . Cheyenne Butcher 
Teweya-gli Returns from Scout. 

Araphoes. 

Tata-ka-ahaga ..Little Bull, chief 
Wica-rapi-sha .... White Star 
Okislia- waste .... Good Boy 
Sasunka-wakanlo Medicine Horse 

Wable-glasha Spotted Eagle 

Hihan-luta Red Owl 

Wabli-watapho . . Charging Eagle 
Taeayla-wicoklo . .Kills close to Lodge 
Wasien-mato .... American Bear 

Calan-luto Red Hawk 

Wusta-Rago Makes Good 

Mato-iyanko .... Running Bear 
Icna-Kinze Fights all alone 



Buffalo Bill's Wild West Camp. 



23 



Indian Names. English Equivalent. 

Araphoes {continued). 

Tushhu-warahm. .Broken Thigh 

Wicasa-takla Little Big Man 

Sunka-luta Red Dog. 

Chcycnnes. 

Tolo-kokco Cut Meat, chief 

Okisilo Boy 

Pa-ranreyl Stands on Hill 

Tawska-kinzi Yellow Horse 

Harka-placolo Short Elk 

Harka-sapa Black Elk 

Maya-hanka Piece of Iron 

Jeaga Raised 

Tosunka-cicila . . Little Horse 
Jangla-hayenha ..Runs Close 

Se-oka Cut Foot 

Haraka-wakan . . Medicine Elk 

Cara-sapa Black Kettle 

Wapaha-sapa Black Bonnet 

Oguha-luta ■ Red Sack 

Paguta-hanska . . Tall Medicine 
Tohuska-tanka . . Big Leggings. 

Brnle Sioux. 



Hanpisk-ka 

Pamin-gila 

A-caupe 

Roka 

Mato-wan-kantya 
Wahle - wan - Kan 

bye '•■ 

Hape-yape 

Mato-orouko 
Maka 

Woelna-gi 

Wamble-nupa . . . 
Tieu-gla-kati . . . 

Okisila 

Natinsane-mage . 
Harake-bloka ... 



Mocassin Top, chief 
Yellow Hair 
Hollows Behind 
Badger 
High Bear 

High Eagle 
Throws away 
Rushing Bear 
Ground 
, Stands up 
,Two Eagles 
Kills close to Hill 
Bissonett 
Standing Rabbit 
.Doe Elk 



Indian Names. English Equivalent. 

Brule Sioux (continued). 

Wiciyala Yankton 

Si-fcunka Big Foot 

Nape Hand 

Shoshoncs. 



Sunka-tamaca . 
Tataka-mona . 
Ticagla-inyanka . . 
Maga-howaste 
Wable-nupa-oksila 
Sunka-Owiesiha . . 
Wanni-Yonin- 

sicola 

Ota-Kate 

Cipe 

Sinna-rilisa 

Wakiya-ska 

Harake-magi 

Mawakan 

Mats-wasagse 
Sila-Ktae 



Poor Dog, chief 
Walking Bulb 
Runs close to Lodge 
Iron Good Voice 
Two Eagle Boy 
Gives away Horses 

Little Whirlwind 

Kills Plenty 

Black 

Torn Blanket 

White Lightning 

Standing Elk 

Sword 

Old Black Bear 

Kills Pawnees. 



Ogalallas. 

Macaci-Kaola .... Little Chief, chief 

Hupe-ka Picket Pin 

Tasinka-hinsa .... Sorrel Horse 

Moto-nagi Standing Bear 

To-kikya-kte Kills First 

Cante-sapa Black Heart 

Itunhala Mouse 

Sha White 

Watan-ya Good Light 

Asampi Milk 

Tanuka-wable Eagle Horse 

Shitoni Spider 

Sunkinto Blue Horse 

Wohn-wiza Two Lance 

Tbspi-cici-ja Little Wound 

Sina-san Grey Blanket 

Catuhe-tanka . . . .Big Ribs 



J. SCHWEPPE & Co., Ld. 

Purveyors to the Queen and H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, 

Have contracted for the ENTIRE SUPPLY of 

MINERAL WATERS 

To Messrs. Bertram & Co. 

AT THIS EXHIBITION. 



MANUFACTORIES IN ENGLAND, AMERICA & AUSTRALIA. 



24 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



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THE BEST LAUNDRY BLUE IN THE WORLD. 

Sole Agents:— C. CHANCELLOR & Co., LON DON, E.C. 

EVERY AMERICAN VISITING EUEOPE, 

BEFORE PURCHASING 

IKISH DAMASK, TABLE AND HOUSE LINEN, 

IRISH CAMBRIC POCKET HANDKERCHIEFS, AND IRISH 

LACES AND EMBROIDERIES, 

Is invited to write for Samples and Price Lists, or to visit the 
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The Gardens. 25 



THE GARDENS. 



The Gardens, occupying an area of about twelve^ acres, are 
approached from the north end of the building, from West Ken- 
sington station, and from the North End Road entrance. They are 
divided into two distinct portions, the intervening railway being 
spanned by two bridges, and from these a view of the whole 
grounds is obtained. The gardens have been designed and laid out 
by Mr. William Goldring, the landscape gardener, with the view 
of embracing as much variety as possible, and also to make the 
most effective display. 

The Central Garden, or that immediately contiguous to the 
Exhibition building, is laid out in a rigidly formal style, which 
tends to heighten the effect of the north facade of the building, while 
the arrangement of broad and straight walks allows ample space 
for the free circulation of large masses of people. 

The West Garden, on the other hand, is designed in a more 
natural style, the walks traversing the whole garden being graceful. 
Curving at one point, they wind through a picturesque grove of old 
trees, while others lead to the principal points of attraction. The 
old trees near the band-stand happily existed previous to the forma- 
tion of the present garden, and the visitor may see how charmingly 
they harmonise with the surroundings. 

The Diorama by A. Bartholdi and B. Lavastre presents a view 
of the Harbour of New York, and of the colossal monument of 
" Liberty Illuminating the World." The view is taken from the deck 
cabin of a Hudson Eiver steamer. The spectator sees the Statue of 
Liberty on Bedloe's Island, the Hudson River and the East River, 
the cities of New York, Brooklyn, and Jersey City, and the cele- 
brated Brooklyn Bridge. The deck of the ship under the eyes of 
the spectators is rilled with personages of which a great number are 
portraits, such as Mr. Laboulaye, President of the Committee of the 
Works ; Count Serurier, Vice-President ; Mr. Evarts, President of 
the American Committee ; M. Bartholdi, sculptor ; M. Gaget, by 
whom the work was executed in bronze ; M. Eiffel, and others. 
In the annexes of the diorama are shown an Ear of the statue, a 
model of the real size of the colossal statue, and a collection of 
photographs, showing the nature of the works and the different 
phases of the undertaking during the preparation and erection of the 
" Statue of Liberty." 

In the gardens the visitor finds himself surrounded by the 
native trees, shrubs, and flowers of North America, for no others 
have been planted. They give an idea, however slight it may be, 



26 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



of the beauty and variety of North American vegetation. Many 
a tree, shrub, and flower will be recognised as familiar in 
English gardens, for it is a singular fact that for the last three 
centuries the gardens of England have been enriched from the flora 
of the great Western Continent, which is richer and more varied 
than that of any country in the world, containing, as it does, no 
fewer than 10,000 distinct species of plants. One of the chief 
reasons for planting the gardens exclusively with American plants 
has been to show how singularly American all English gardens are, 
as it is an interesting fact that fully two-thirds of the open air trees 
and flowers in England are natives of North America. The forests 
of Virginia and of the Eastern States have been drawn upon ever 
since gardening became a fine art in England, and the oldest, best- 
known, and most loved trees of English parks and gardens originally 
came from the United States, chiefly during the early part of the 
last century. The bulk of what are called modern trees— the 
prim Conifers, which one may see in every villa garden about 
London— have come from the boundless forests of the great North- 
West. The Spruces, the Eirs, the Pines of modern gardens, have 
come from the Pacific coast within the past fifty vears. California, 
the flowery paradise of the far west, has contributed more to make 
English gardens what they are to-day than any other country of 
the world. The wealth of annual plants— those that spring up, 
flower, seed, and die in a year, are alone capable of making a 
garden glow with brilliant colours, of every shade, from one year's 
end to the other ; in fact, the majority of annuals which are now 
familiar to every cottager in Britain are from California, and some 
idea of the beauty of these may be gleaned from the Californian 
annual garden, skirting the walk at the north end of the Exhibition 
building. 

The Californian flora have been largely, laid under contribution 
for the adornment of these gardens, for besides annual plants there 
are a host of trees and shrubs representing the juvenile stage of the 
gigantic trees of the forests, the Mammoth tree, the Redwood, the 
Pines, the Cypresses, all of which and many others maybe found in 
the plantations throughout the grounds. Nor must the lilies be 
forgotten, for half the lilies in British gardens have their origin in 
America. A few come from the Eastern States, but most of them 
are natives of the mountains, canons, and forests of the region 
west of the Eocky Mountains. A full collection of these are 
planted m the West Garden, one group being kindly presented by 
Mr. G. E. Wilson, of Weybridge, who is well-known all over the 
world as the king of lily growers. He has devoted nearly his whole 
life to the study and culture of lilies. He has been the pioneer of 
hly-culture in England for twenty years, and his gardens on the 
Surrey hills contain the most complete collection of lilies in 
existence. There is every promise that during July and August 
the_ tall wand-like stems of the Panther lily, Washington lily 
Californian lily, and many others, will wave their stately heads of 
bloom in these gardens. 



The Gardens. 27 



The bulk of the plants in, the garden are what are called hardy 
perennial plants that are at home in the English climate, and of 
these the collection is very rich. They have been contributed by 
Mr. Ware, of Tottenham, near London, who possesses the most 
extensive nursery of hardy plants in the world. The aim has been 
not to make a full collection of hardy American plants, as the : 
temporary nature of the Exhibition Gardens forbade it, but a- 
representative garden of native plants from the mountains, plains, 
prairies, swamps, and woods of North America, and Mr. Goldring 
has endeavoured to create a perennial glow of colour throughout 
the whole period of the Exhibition, and he has also grouped the 
plants so as to produce either a pleasing harmony of colour or a 
decided contrast. For instance, in one part is a large mass of 
yellow-flowered plants of the sunflower tribe, intermingled with the 
glowing scarlets of the Bee Balm (Monarda didyma), and the Cardinal 
flower {Lobelia cardinalis), of the south-western States. In 
another part is a mass of the gorgeous Tiger flower of Mexico 
(Tigridia pavonia) , whose large, showy flowers, though they last but 
a day, are succeeded by others which maintain a display of bloom 
for weeks during the height of summer. The little rockery near 
the band stand is planted with swamp-loving plants, such as the 
Mocasson flower of the swamps of the Eastern States, the Trilliums 
from the shady pine woods, the cowslip of Virginia (Mertensia 
Virginica) , and the American cowslip (Dodecatheon) , which by the way 
is one of the earliest flowering of American plants. The opposite 
rockery teems with a variety of mountain plants, phloxes, poppies, 
gentians, and others. Near these is a mass of the Camassa esculenta, 
the Quamash of the North American Indians, by whom its bulbous 
roots are used as an article of food. The edible qualities of the 
quamash are not appreciated in this country, though the plant 
happens to be amongst the showiest border flowers. Many other 
prairie flowers may be found about the grounds, but those who have 
seen them in their native habitats will hardly recognise them in 
the improved state to which they have been brought by cultivation. 



BURPEE'S AMERICAN SEEDS.- 
W. ATLEE BURPEE & CO., of Philadelphia, take pleasure 
in announcing that they have opened a house in London, where 
they are prepared to fill all orders for their celebrated Seeds 
forwarded free by Parcels Post. rS 3 Send your address on a 
postal card, and BURPEE'S SPECIAL CATALOGUE of AMERI- 
CAN SEEDS FOR ENGLISH GARDENS will be sent gratis on 
application. It contains illustrations and descriptions of Rare 
Novelties, which cannot be had elsewhere. Burpee's Farm 
Annual, a handsomely-illustrated book of 128 pages, with illu- 
minated cover and three coloured plates, is mailed free to 
customers only, to others on receipt of 6 stamps. Address 

W. ATLEE BURPEE & Co., 133, Cannon St., London, E.C. 



28 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



**** 6 ^\oo*»- 



HANCOCK, 



*ht e . 



Jeweller, Silversmith and Watchmaker, 

174, Oxford Street, LONDON, W, 



Fine Gold BBOOCH, 

in Case. 
Illustration \ size. 




Any Initial 

Set with Pearls, 

Price £1 10s. 




Fine Gold BRACELET, price £3, in Velvet-lined Case. 

Illustration to size. 

All Goods sold at WHOLESALE PRICES, saving from 30 to 40 per cent., FOR CASH ONLY. 



ENO'S VEGETABLE MOTO. 

(A SIMPLE VEGETABLE EXTRACT.) 

OCC 4lSIONALLY a 

DESIRABLE ADJUNCT TO ENO'S FRUIT SALT. 

As a Laxative, Stomachic, Blood, Brain, Nerve, Bile, 
or Liver Tonic. It will be found invaluable for creating and 
sustaining a natural action of the Stomach and Biliary 
Secretions. 

In a word— "ENO'S VEGETABLE MOTO" is Mild, 
Effective, and Agreeable, and lasting without force or 
strain in Indigestion, Biliousness, Sick-headache, Gout, 
Rheumatism, Suppressed Gout, Head Affections,Nervousness, 
Sleeplessness from Liver derangement, Elatulence, Wind on 
the Stomach, at the commencement of Coughs and Colds. 
Blood Poisons and their kindred evils are prevented and cured 
by the use of the VEGETABLE MOTO and ENO'S FRUIT. 
SALT. 

A regular action of the Excretory organs of the body is 
produced by natural means ; for distinctly understand, it is 
impossible for a single tissue of the body to be kept in order 
if the effete or poisoned substances are not got rid of by a 
natural and healthy action of the Liver, Bowels, and Skin. 

The healthiest occasionally suffer temporary derangement 
of the Stomach and Liver— with ENO'S VEGETABLE MOTO 
and ENO'S FRUIT SALT you can always relieve, and never 
do harm ; little may be needed, but still, when you have a 
simple and prompt assistance, many dangerous forms of 
disease may be arrested and removed at the outset, for this is 
the time or chance. ENO'S FRUIT SALT and VEGETABLE 
MOTO should always be kept in every bedroom and every 
travelling trunk, ready for any emergency. 

LIVER, DYSPEPTIC, AND BRONCHIAL DERANGEMENT. 

. ^ "Asylum Road, Old Kent Road, S.E., Feb. 7, 1887. 

To J. C. Eno.— Sir,— For several years I was troubled with a severe Dyspeptic, Bronchial disturb- 
ance, causing shortness of breath, particularly in the morning. I took many cough remedies, but they, 
in fact, only aggravated the irritation in the stomach. At length I tried your ' Vegetable Moto,' and 
aiter a few doses found all the bad symptoms leaving me as if by magic ; the ' Moto,' by its tonic action, 
had evidently found the source of the disorder, and I can assert it is the finest remedy I ever had, its 
effect being so lasting, yet so mild, and if I wish to hasten its action have only to take a small draught of 
?2C S FRUIT SALT. An occasional dose of the ' Moto ' is all that I now require, but I would not be 
without a supply of it on any consideration.— I am, Sir, yours faithfully, Veritas." 

PREVENTION. — Disobey ye who wilt, but ye who disobey must suffer ; this law is as certain in its 
operation as the law of gravitation. With each bottle of " Vegetable Moto " is given a sixteen-page 
pamphlet on the prevention of disease. 

SOLD BY ALL CHEMISTS, PRICE 1s. 1 ho. ; POST FREE, Is. 3d., PREPARED ONLY AT 

ENO'S FRUIT SALT WORKS, HATCHAM, LONDON, S.E. 




DUTY. 

Ivnowest thou yesterday, its aim and reason ? 

Workest thou well to-day for worthy things, 
•Calmly wait to-morrow's hiddon season, 

Need'st not fear what hap ; so ever it bri 



rings. 



History of the United States. 29 




x> 



NORTH AMERICA. 

ITS AREA. 

Within that irregular, wedge-shaped outline which, beginning at 
the Isthmus of Panama and terminating in the Arctic Begions, 
washed on the west by the Pacific and on the east by the Atlantic 
Oceans, is the region known as North America, a territory twice as 
large as Europe. It includes Greenland and Iceland, the Dominion 
of Canada, the United States and Mexico — an area of 8,593,000 
square miles, and a population of 65,000,000. ' Europe has 19,500 
miles of sea coast, of which 3,000 are within the arctic circle. The 
total area of Europe being 3,700,000 square miles, this would give 
for each mile of coast about 224 square . miles of surface. In the 
United States, the coast-line on both oceans, including indentations, 
is 12,000 miles in length, to which are to be added the shore lines 
of the great lakes and rivers, or 10,000 miles more. The area of 
the United States being 3,014,459 square miles, we thus have an 
average of one mile of shore-line to each 131 square miles of sur- 
face. These figures are presented not only to illustrate the size of 
the country, but to show its great facilities for internal as well as 
foreign commerce, and to indicate one of the causes of its pheno- 
menal growth. 

• c 



30 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



[A card.] 



LINCOLN, BENNETT & 

HATTERS 

to thie zrott-A-Xi iF-A-iivniij^r. 



CO., 




GENTLEMEN'S HATS IN EVERY VARIETY 

LADIES' YELYET NAPPED RIDING, FELT, AND TWEED HATS. 



I, 2, 3, SACKVILLE STREET, 

' 3 And 40, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W. 

INTERNATIONAL FUR STORE 

T. S. JAY, Manager. 








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THE INTERNATIONAL FUR STORE, 

PEIZE MEDALLISTS, 

163, REGENT STREET, LONDON. 



History of the United States. 



31 



THE ABORIGINAL PERIOD. 



PAKT I.— Chapter I. 




THE story of America, or 
rather of the United 



living 



A 

i 



States, for it is of these that 
the present sketch will chiefly 
treat, may be divided into 
mRmMml^NM&W three periods, the Aboriginal" 
or Indian, the Colonial, and the Constitutional. 

When the early explorers landed on the continent, they found, 
g in a savage state, a race different in colour, manners and 
language from any previously known in the Old World. When 
first seen by Columbus in the West Indies they were called Indians, 
and ever since they have retained that name. Their origin will 
always remain a matter of doubt, and for the purpose of the present 
narrative it is unnecessary to discuss the question whether they de- 
scended from " the lost tribes of Israel," came hither in the days of 

c 1 



32 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



the Egyptian and Phoenician navigators, or crossed from Asia to 
America on the ice of Behring's Strait. Investigation has shown 
that they were divided into eight great families or groups. Of 
these the Algonqnins occupied about half of the territory now. 
embraced in the United States east of the Mississippi river, and 
included most of the smaller nations identified with the history 
of the first settlers, such as the Narragansetts, Wampanoags, 
Pequots, Pawtuckets, Mohicans, the Delawares, who owned an 
extensive tract on the river by that name ; the Powhatans on 
the Chesapeake, the Chippeways, Sacs and Foxes, and others, 
whose musical language has furnished the names of several 
of the states and many of the localities in America that are 
familiar to the student of geography. Yet it is estimated that the 
total number of Indians south of the St. Lawrence and east of the 
Mississippi rivers three hundred years ago did not exceed 200,000. 

Physically, there is a striking resemblance between the various 
tribes. They are strong, supple, athletic, well-proportioned, with 
bronze or copper-coloured skins, coarse black hair, high cheek bones, 
and faces which in repose indicate nothing of their savage natures. 
Their homes were in wigwams or huts of poles covered with skins 
or bark, and they subsisted by hunting and fishing, or, as a last resort, 
fed on Indian corn or maize, which, as manual labour was beneath 
the dignity of a warrior, their women planted. It was characteristic 
of the° race also never to provide much food at a time, and hence 
they occasionally suffered from hunger ; but when food was plenty 
they made up for their privations by eating as much and as often 
as they could. During the past few years some successful efforts 
have been made to change their mode of life, and in many instances, 
especially since the disappearance of the buffalo and other large 
game these " sons of the forest " have shown an aptitude m the 
cultivation of land and the use of agricultural implements. A few 
indeed have become lawyers, judges, are heard m speeches upon the 
public platform, and one in particular, the last of a long line of 
chiefs became an engineer upon the staff of General Grant, and is 
at the present time a high official in one of the executive depart- 
ments of the city of New York. Nor is it uncommon in the Far 
West to find a warrior, who but a few years ago was anxious to 
take the scalp of his enemy, now acting as a policeman among his 

own people. , 

The first weapons of the Eed Man were clubs, spears, hatchets, 
tomahawks, and bows and arrows. Now, rifles and revolvers are as 
common as among the white men. A prominent trait of the Indian 
is his courage and endurance, and even the children are taught to 
endure fatigue and undergo torture without complaint. Belying 
both upon his prowess and stratagem, and with the reputation of 
his tribe to sustain, he is prepared to run the gauntlet, or be 
burnt at the stake, and die singing his war songs and taunting his 
foes In his religion he has no idols or temples, but worships the great 
spirit— the Manitou— who is to conduct him to the happy hunting- 



History of the United States. 



33 



grounds. Hospitality is one of his cardinal virtues, and the marriage 
tie sacred, but the squaw or wife must perform the drudgery of the 
wigwam. While the vocal organs of the Eed Man are the same as 
those of the European, most of the Indian tongues are remarkable 
for their softness. His language, however, only expresses what he 
can see, hear, or feel. He has few words to express abstract ideas. 
In the absence of letters, he uses hieroglyphics that are rudely 
drawn on skins or the bark of trees, and thus communicates what 
he wishes to be understood by his distant companions. Beyond 
what he has learned from stories handed down from generation to 
generation, he knows little of his past history. Familiar with 
nature in all her beauty and grandeur, he delights in drawing his 
figures of speech from the objects she presents, and many Indian 
chiefs have been as distinguished for their eloquence as for their 
courage, and with dignified and forcible delivery. Some of their 
recorded efforts have not been surpassed by the greatest of civilised 
orators. Eelics of the abo- 
rigines have been found 
in various parts of the 
country, and for man} 7 
years have provoked 
much scientific interest. 
Some of these remains 
.are indicative of great 
.mechanical skill, such as 
the later Indians never 
have displayed, and the 
ornaments found — vases 
•of elegant pattern, brace- 
lets of copper and silver, 
pipe-bowls with curious 
carvings, together with 
arrow - heads, specimens 
of finely-glazed pottery, 
and similar articles — 
show ingenious design 
and superior finish. 

The number of mounds erected bythe primitive inhabitants of 
the continent is variously estimated to be from five to ten thousand. 
A portion of these appear to have been built for religious purposes ; 
•others as a means of defence, and still another class seem to have 
been burial places of the dead. It. is but a few years ago that a 
mound, 150 feet in circumference and 15 feet high, was opened in 
Ohio, which contained 13 skeletons of men, women and children, 
some of which were decorated with strings of beads and shells. At 
Marietta, Ohio, in a mound that had become partly undermined by 
a stream, a silver cup was discovered with a regular and polished 
surface, and gilt on the inside. The accompanying cut illustrates 
the general formation of these singular structures. It is worthy of 




Mound at Marietta, Ohio. 



34 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

remark that there is no evidence of the use of iron by the mound- 
builders, but they used copper abundantly, and drew, as Americans 
now do, on the rich deposits of this metal near Lake Superior. 

Numerous remains of walls, fortifications, and sunken cities, 
are likewise scattered through the United States and Mexico, the 
size and character of which demonstrate that multitudes of men 
must have been engaged in their construction. In Missouri, under 
a large tract covered with cotton trees and tall poplars, are still to 
be seen stone foundations, and the ruins of an ancient town 
regularly laid out in squares and streets. So frequent are evidences 
of this nature, that they would seem to indicate that the fertile 
valleys of North America were at one period occupied by a superior 
race, which, being forced southward by tribes less cultivated, left 
behind them numerous monuments of their industry and knowledge 
of the finer arts. 

Such are some of the characteristics of the singular people 
who, until recently, have repelled all attempts at civilisation, and 
as a race have been hostile to the white man ever since he first 
planted his foot on their soil. 



THE COLONIAL PERIOD. 

PAET II.— Chapter II. 

"Virginia. — While the discovery of the New World was made 
by Columbus in 1492, it was not until the lapse of more than one 
hundred years that the English began to establish themselves in 
those portions of North America which have since become the United 
States. During this period, however, expeditions had been sent from 
Spain and France, and partial settlements were made by the former 
before the close of the sixteenth century in the West India Islands, 
Central America, Mexico, several localities along the Gulf of Mexico, 
and on the Pacific Coast. The discoveries by the French were 
chiefly in the colder regions of the north, and to the enterprising 
explorers of that nation is due the colonization of Canada. 

As early as 1584, Sir Walter Ealeigh, under an ample charter 
from Queen Elizabeth, sent to America two vessels, and they 
returned with cargoes of fur and woods from the new land, and 
with such descriptions of what seemed to the adventurers a 
delightful paradise, that the Virgin Queen, in honour of herself, 
named the region ''Virginia." Subsequent attempts were made 
to settle the country, but they were failures, until Ealeigh, having 
exhausted his means, James I., in 1606, granted an extensive tract, 
twelve degrees in width, to two associations of merchants, known 
as the Plymouth Company and the London Company. The territory 



History of the United States. 



35 



of the former lay between parallels 41 and 45 north latitude ; 
that of the latter between 38 and 44. The intermediate country 
was to be open to both. These tracts were respectively known as 
North and South Virginia. In May, 1607, the new-comers laid the 
foundation of their contemplated city, and gave it the name of 
Jamestown. In 1609, Lord Delaware was appointed Governor, 
and several other settlements were made up the James Eiver. In 
1611, cattle and hogs were introduced from Europe. 




The Marriage of Pocahontas. 

The year 1613 was signalised by the marriage of Pocahontas, 
the daughter of the Indian chief Powhatan, to Capt. John Eolfe, an 
English planter. Before this event, however, she was converted to 
Christianity, and baptised by the name of Eebecca. The alliance 
proved to be of great service to the colonists, and when the dusky 
Princess visited London she was received at Court and became an 
object of general interest. She died suddenly at the age of twenty- 
two when about to return to America, but her son Thomas became 
a man of wealth and distinction, and from him are descended some 
of the leading families of the present State. 

In 1619, a few months after the appointment of Gov. William 
Yeardley, the first representative body in America was convened in 



36 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Jamestown. This was known as "The House of Burgesses," and' 
consisted of two members from each of the eleven boroughs mtq>, 
which the colony was divided. A written constitution was 
obtained, and trial by jury and a representative Government 
became acknowledged rights. A curious incident of this period was 
the importation of 150 young women from the mother country, who 
were disposed of as wives to the settlers at prices ranging from 100 
to 150 pounds of tobacco for each, the weed then representing, 
about three shillings per pound and being used as currency. 

The London Company dissolved in 1624. Virginia was there- 
upon annexed to the Crown, and became a Eoyal province, in which 
condition it remained one hundred and fifty years, or down to the 
revolutionary war. Slavery was introduced in 1620, and as the 
negroes could be profitably employed, their numbers increased 
rapidly wherever the white man established a foothold. The pro- 
gress of the colony was rapid, and continued to the end of the 
colonial period in 1776. Its population was then 575,000. 

During the great civil war in England, between Charles I. and', 
the Parliament, the people of Virginia were generally on the side of 
the King, but when the war was over, and the King was defeated 
and beheaded, they submitted to the forces sent by Cromwell. On 
the return of Charles II. to the throne, in 1660, they gladly 
acknowledged him, and on account of their faithfulness to the 
Eoyal authority, Virginia received the name of "the Old Dominion." 
Further on in this narrative it will be seen that a number of the 
present States were carved from her territory, and hence the. 
additional name frequently heard, " the Mother of States." 



i THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES. 

i 

Chaptee III. 

Plymouth. Hock.— In 1614 Capt. John Smith, one of the 
Jamestown, Va., pioneers, having returned to America from 
England, explored the north-eastern portion of the coast, and gave' 
to the territory the name of New England. The Plymouth 
Company, to which King James, in 1606, had granted the tract 
known as Northern Virginia, between the 41st and 45th parallels, 
of latitude, failing to found a colony, was dissolved in 1620 ; 
whereupon a grant was made to a new company, but before its 
plans could be put in operation a permanent settlement was effected 
in New England by a band of Puritans, now known as the Pilgrim 
Fathers. These were an austere religious sect that had separated 
from the Established Church of England. Deprived of the freedom 
of worship they had taken refuge in Holland, but hearing of the. 



History of the United States. 



37 





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newly-discovered lands beyond the ocean, they resolved to seek 
an asylum there. Accordingly, 101 persons sailed from Plymouth, 
England, in 1620, in a vessel called tbe "Mayflower," and, reaching 
the coast of Massachusetts on the 21st of December of that year, 
landed at a place of the same name that had been marked on the 
map of Capt. Smith. The most noted among these voluntary 
exiles were John Carver, who afterwards became their governor ; 
William Brewster, their elder ; Miles Standish, their military 
leader ; William Bradford, and Edward Winslow. The first winter 
was attended with great suffering, and by spring more than one 
half of their number had succumbed to- the intense cold and scanty 
supply of food. Among those who died were Governor Carver and 
his wife. They were also in constant fear of the Indians, who 
were frequently seen lurking in the woods, but fled as soon as 
the English approached them. It is related that one day an 
Indian, to their surprise, boldly entered the settlement, and 
exclaimed, " Welcome, Englishmen ! " This was a chief named 
Samoset, who had picked up a little knowledge of English among 
the fishermen on the coast of Maine. In a few days Massasoit, 
the chief of the Wampanoags, came with his warriors to pay the 
strangers a friendly visit. The pilgrims made a treaty with the 
chief, and subsequently with Canonicus, the chief of the Narra- 
gansetts. At first Canonicus was inclined to be hostile, and it is 
related that he sent to Plymouth a bundle of arrows bound with 
a rattlesnake skin, this being the Indian mode of declaring war. 



History of the United States. 39 



Governor Bradford, who had succeeded Carver, filled the skin 
with powder and ball and sent it back. Canonicus took it for a 
iatal charm, and the superstitious Indians passed it from village to 
village, until it came back to Plymouth; they did not da?e to 
touch it. 

In August, 1623, the little colony remained as yet very feeble 
and the best dish that could be set before the third supply of 
colonists (about sixty in number) was a lobster, a piece of fish and 
a cup of -fair spring- water." As to bread, there was none in the 
• colony. The growth continued slow, and in ten years the settle- 
ment contained only 300 persons. 

i . In i 1 ? 28 ° ther Pm ' itans Ccime out from ' England who had 
obtained from the Council there a grant of land lying north of 
Plymouth Colony, and bordering on Massachusetts JBay These 
were under command of John Endicott, and they established them- 
selves at places called Salem and Charlestown. This was the 
beginning of the Massachusetts Bay colony, and during the 
following year a charter was granted by Charles I. Men of fortune 
and intelligence now became interested, were induced to emigrate 
to the colony, and obtained the right to manage the government 
free from control of the company in England. John Winthrop was 
chosen the first Governor, and in 1630 he arrived with 300 families 
and selected for their future home a little peninsula known to the 
Indians as Shawmut, a word signifying -living fountains," from 
the excellent water found at the place. The new settlers, however 
gave it the name of Boston, in memory of Boston in England from 
which many of them had emigrated, the now famous capital of 
Massachusetts. We are told by Edward Everett that "at this 
time (1630) there was a feeble colony in Virginia ; a very small 
Dutch settlement in New York ; a population of about 300 at 
Plymouth; about as many more English inhabitants divided 
between Salem and Charlestown ; a few settlers scattered up and 
down the coast and all the rest a vast wilderness, the covert of 
wild beasts and savages." Dorchester, Eoxbury, Cambridge, Lynn 
and other places near Boston were settled during this year and it 
is estimated that in 1674 there were at least 1,500 families in the 
aWmOOO 11 ' and the P ° pulation of New E "gland was probably 

Eeligious services were at first held in the lower part of a square 
wooden building, put up for a fort and protected by six small 
cannon mounted on its flat roof. On Sunday mornings the pilgrims 
assembled by beat of drum, and marched to meetingfthree abreast 
each with his musket, escorting Elder Brewster, who officiated as 
preacher, and the Governor in his long robe. Men and women 
occupied different seats during the service, and were required to 
listen attentively to the long sermon, which sometimes lasted two 
hours or more. If one was seen standing on a stool at meeting 
he was known to be undergoing punishment for breaking some law' 
the offence being specified on a paper fastened to his person. Those 



40 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 







Pilgrims Marching to Meeting. 

absent from church were looked up by officers ; if the offence was 
persisted in, they were liable to have their feet put m the stocks, or 
to be stood up with their necks stretched out m a wooden frame. 

called " the pillory." , - 

For a time the voters of the colony met at Boston and selected' 
their magistiates, but as their numbers increased they chose their 
representatives to meet as a General Court for the purpose ot 
making laws, levying taxes, and performing other acts of govern- 
ment Among the laws made was one which confined the right to. 
vote and hold office to those who belonged to some congregational 
Church The Puritans wished to found a religious commonwealth,, 
and this made them intolerant of all who differed with them. Among; 
those banished from the colony for maintaining that the Govern- 
ment had no right to restrict the liberty of conscience, was a young 
minister named Roger Williams, who, taking refuge among the tribe- 
of Narragansett Indians, subsequently founded the colony ol Knode 
Island. Quakers who attempted to settle m the colony were. 



History of the United States. 41 

likewise expelled for the same reason, and the death penalty was 
imposed on those who returned. 

Tracing the course of events rapidly, we find that in 1643 two 
other colonies besides Plymouth Colony and Massachusetts Bay 
Colony, known as the Connecticut and New Haven Colonies, 
formed a union for mutual protection, which received the name of 
"The United Colonies of New England." This union lasted for 
forty years. 

In 1675 a savage contest began with the Indians, known as 
King Philip's War. Philip was the son and successor of 
Massasoit, who had been the fast friend of the colonists. But the 
whites had now greatly increased in number, the whole population 
in New England being about 60,000, while the Indians were only 
half that number. Many of the latter by this time had secured 
guns and ammunition instead of the rude weapons made of stone or 
bone which they formerly used. The cause of the war was the 
execution of three Indians by the English for the murder of an 
Indian convert, who had told the colonists of the hostile designs 
upon them by Philip on account of the rapid encroachment of the 
farms and villages of the whites upon the hunting grounds of his 
tribe. The contest lasted more than a year, during which time 
nearly all of the frontier New England settlements were attacked 
and burned, and many men, women and children were slaughtered. 
At last, aroused to frenzy, the colonists organised a little army, 
consisting of about 1,500 militia, and pursued the Indian chief as far 
as Ehode Island, where he sought safety in a swamp. A battle 
ensued, in which the Indians were completely defeated, with a loss 
of a thousand men killed and wounded, including King Philip. Six 
hundred whites perished during the war, and nearly twenty villages 
were burned. 

Many singular stories are told of almost miraculous escapes 
from massacre. One Sabbath morning, while the people of Hadley, 
Mass., were at worship in the village church, a venerable man — a 
stranger to them — appeared, and told them that the savages were 
coming. He then put himself at the head of the men, and led them 
against the Indians. The savages were routed, but when the 
English looked around for their preserver he had disappeared. For 
some time they believed they had been rescued by an angel, but it 
was afterwards discovered that it was General Goffe, one of the 
judges who had condemned Charles I., and who had been hidden in 
Hadley from the king's officers. 

During the century preceding Independence, the people of 
Massachusetts and other colonies were engaged in wars against the 
French, assisted by Indian allies. These contests are known as 
" The French and Indian Wars/' and they are of sufficient interest 
to receive attention in a separate chapter. 






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History of the United States. 43 



CONNECTICUT. 

Chaptee IV. 

" Quonektakut," signifying "long," is the name applied by the 
Indians to the river that fertilises a broad and beautiful valley 
discovered by the Dutch, and the early settlers adopted it as the 
name of their colony. The first to become acquainted with the 
region bought the land from the natives in 1633, and established 
themselves on the site of the present city of Hartford, one of the 
capitals of the State, claiming the whole territory as belonging to 
the New Netherlands, now New York, to which reference is made 
in another place. They were scarcely located, however, before a 
pioneer band of men, women and children from Plymouth, planted 
themselves a few miles up the river, at Windsor. These were 
followed by others from the Massachusetts colony, until the year 
1636 found fully 800 souls scattered through the valley of the 
Connecticut. Springfield, Wethersfield, and other places were 
settled, until the Dutch were frightened from their possessions, and 
an independent colony was founded under the name of the Colony 
of Connecticut. The records, however, show that the Dutch had 
but little right to the region, inasmuch as it belonged to the terri- 
tory of North Virginia, granted by King James in 1606. Sharp 
antagonisms soon began between the colonists and the Indians, of 
whom the Pequots were the most powerful tribe in New England. 
War was finally declared by the authorities, and in 1637 a force of 
English and friendly Mohegans, under Capt. John Mason, attacked 
the Eedskins in their principal stronghold. A desperate contest 
ensued, which resulted in the loss to the Indians of 600 men, 
women and children, most of whom perished in the flames of their 
wigwams, and the utter extermination of the tribe. 

In 1638, Puritan emigrants from England, established another 
colony at what is known as New Haven, and thriving villages now 
sprang up on all sides, which became united in the single colony of 
Connecticut under a Eoyal Charter granted by Charles II. This 
was the most liberal charter ever given to an American colony, but 
in 1685 it was annulled by James II. The Charter itself was not 
lost, however, for when Andros, who had been sent by the King as 
Eoyal Governor of New England, went to Hartford in 1687, and 
was in the act of seizing the precious paper, the lights in the room 
were suddenly extinguished, the document was spirited away and 
hid in an old tree, that has become historic as " the Charter Oak." 
It was not until two years later, when King William ascended the 
English throne, that the rule of the tyrant Andros ceased, and the 
Charter Oak yielded its faded treasure. 

Before dismissing the colonial history of New England, it may 
be remarked that in nearly all of the settlements Puritan principles 



44 American Exhibition Official Catalogue, 



prevailed. In the language of Prof. Quackenboss, the historian : 
" The people generally were austere. They forbade dancing, 
the drinking of healths, cards, and dice. Their laws, in some cases, 
interfered with private rights. At Hartford, everybody had to get 
up when he heard the watchman's bell in the morning. No one 
under twenty was allowed to use tobacco ; those over that age could 
smoke one pipe a day, but only at a distance of ten miles from any 
dwelling. In Plymouth a fine of two shillings was imposed on any 
person found smoking on the Lord's Day, going to or from meeting, 
or within two miles of the meeting-house. Citizens were liable to 
a fine if they did not vote. At one time, in Massachusetts Bay, 
there was a law against erecting a dwelling in a new town more 
than half a mile from a meeting-house. Their Sabbath, which in 
Connecticut began at sunset on Saturday, was observed as a strict 
day of rest. Intolerance in religion was a fault of the age. Jesuits 
were not allowed in Massachusetts Bay, and the Quakers were 
maltreated. The Puritan leaders objected to the cross in the 
English flag, and on one occasion Endicott, when commanding at 
Salem, went so far as to cut it from his colours. The holidays of 
the English Church were their abhorrence, and even the eating of 
mince-pies on Christmas was denounced as wicked. 

The style of living in New England was at first necessarily 
simple. Extravagance in dress was expressly forbidden, especially 
in the matter of " ribbands and great boots." The low houses of 
logs or boards, with their small, prison-like windows, thatched roofs, 
and clay-plastered chimneys, were not much like the present taste- 
ful dwellings of New England. Inside, the most important apart- 
ment was the great kitchen and sitting-room, where the capacious 
fireplace, and irons and bellows, the crane, and the pot suspended 
from it, showed that the day of stoves was not yet. There would 
be found the high-backed settle, quite necessary to keep off 
the wind whistling through the crannies ; the mortar and pestle, 
with which the corn was ground before mills became common ; the 
spinning-wheel plied by the good mother as she found leisure ; and 
the trusty fire-lock hanging over the mantel, ever ready in case of 
an Indian foray. 

The New England leaders were educated men, and as soon as 
it was practicable made provision for schools. Harvard College, 
established at Cambridge in 1637, was the earliest institution of the 
kind in the colonies. It was so called from the Eev. John Harvard, 
who left to it his library and half of his estate. At the same place 
was set up the first printing-press brought to the colonies. 



History of the United States. 45 



RHODE ISLAND. 

Chapter V. 

It has already been related that when Roger Williams was banished 
■from Massachusetts, he sought refuge with the Narragansett Indians. 
From them he purchased a tract of land, which he named Providence, 
"in memory of God's merciful providence to him in his distress." 
He was joined by many others, for he had proclaimed civil and 
religious freedom ; and this was the beginning of the little State of 
Rhode Island (1636). In the following year William Coddington, 
and others who were likewise dissatisfied with the religious intoler- 
ance at Boston, bought from the Indians Rhode Island, for forty 
fathoms of white wampum (or white beads), worth about $100.00. 
The Dutch called this island, from its peculiar reddish appearance, 
■" Roodt Eylandt," signifying " red island," hence the English Rhode 
Island. 

In 1639 a number of colonists removed to the south-eastern part 
• of the little territory, where they laid the foundation of Newport, 
now one of the great fashionable society watering-places of the 
United States. 



NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

Two years after the landing of the Pilgrims (1622) a large tract 
beyond the Merrimac River was granted by the Council of 
Plymouth to Sir Ferdinand Gorges and Captain John Mason, two 
-of its members, and to this they gave the name Laconia. Under 
their auspices emigrants were sent out, and settlements made 
where Portsmouth and Dover now stand by adventurers interested 
in the fisheries. Seven years afterwards (1629), the tw T o proprietors 
dissolving co-partnership, Mason obtained a separate grant of the. 
region lying between the Merrimac and Piscataqua and extending 
sixty miles into the interior. To this new province was given the 
name of New Hampshire, after the county in England in which 
Mason had lived. In 1680 the English king made New Hampshire 
a separate royal province, which was ruled by a governor appointed 
.by the king and an assembly elected by the people. Gorges 
retained his right to the other portion of the original tract, and it 
received the name of Maine. In 1639 he obtained a royal charter, 
which secured him a grant of land between the Piscataqua and the 
Kennebee rivers. 

Authors do not agree as to how Maine received its name. 
One writer says: "It was called the Mainland, to distinguish it 



46 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

from the islands along the coast which were valuable for fishing 
purposes." Varney, in his history of the State, however, says that 
"the name was given in honour of the Queen Henrietta Maria, 
wife of Charles I., whose patrimonial estate, as Princess of France, 
was the French province of Mayne." Maine was not one of the 
thirteen colonies which entered into the war for independence in 
1775, the reason being that Maine was not a separate colony but a 
part of Massachusetts, Massachusetts claiming jurisdiction over a 
portion of the territory. In 1677 the British authorities decided 
that Massachusetts had no right to Maine, but in 1691 it was 
annexed by royal charter, and remained a part of Massachusetts 
until 1820, when Maine came into the Union as an independent 
State. 



NEW YORK. 

Chapter VI. 



An association for discovery, traffic and colonization was organized 
in 1608, under the name of " The Dutch East India Company," 
and Henry Hudson, an Englishman, who had previously made 
voyages to the new world, was taken into their employ with 
instructions to search for a north-east passage. Failing in this 
attempt, he pursued a westerly course, until on the 11th of 
September, 1609, fate led him to cast anchor in one of the finest 
harbours in the world, that of New York. He ascended the river 
which now bears his name about 150 miles, to a point above 
Albany, the present capital of the State, where the shallow waters 
convinced him that he was not on his way to the eastern seas, and 
he turned back. When the natives observed Hudson's little craft, 
the Half-Moon, approaching, they were struck with astonish- 
ment, and runners were sent to notify all of the surrounding tribes 
that the canoe of the Great Manitou had arrived. The Indians 
awaited the strangers, and on the southerly point of the island, now 
occupied by New York City, received them with every evidence of 
good will. Hudson landed with his 'crew, and ordered a quantity of 
rum to be brought. It is related that after drinking a draught 
himself, he offered the liquor to the chiefs, and with the usual 
result. Drinking of the " Fire-water," they became intoxicated, 
and from that time the spot was always called by the Indians, 
" Manhattan," or the " Place of drunkenness." 

On returning to Holland, Hudson so praised the magnificent 
scenery, the woods abounding in game and the rivers abounding in 
fish, that the Dutch claimed the country, and named it " New 
Netherlands." 

Other parties were now sent to trade with the Indians, 



History of the United States. 47 



establish posts and build forts. One of these in 1614 was erected 
on the lower part of Manhattan Island. It may be mentioned that 
during this year a Dutch captain, named Adrian Block, circum- 
navigated Long Island, and was the first European navigator that 
sailed through the dangerous whirlpool of the east river, called 
Hell Gate. 

"The Dutch West India Trading Company," which was 
organized in 1621, the year after the landing of the Pilgrims, 
obtained a patent; for the territory of New Netherlands, and it was 
claimed that the possession extended from the Connecticut River, 
on the north, to Virginia, on the south. The first regular settle- 
ment was made in 1623, at New Amsterdam, and this was the 
beginning of the great City of New York. In the following year 
they founded Fort Orange, afterwards Albany, the present capital 
of the State. Peter Minuit was sent out as the first Governor, and 
believing that the original owners of the soil should be paid for 
their land, in a conscientious and thrifty spirit he gave them sixty 
guilders, or twenty-five dollars, for their island of Manhattan. 

During forty years, or until 1664, New Netherlands were ruled 
by but four Governors, and the last of them was Peter Stuyvesant. 
The population at this period was only about 10,000 ; the growth 
was slow ; and as an inducement to increase it, every individual 
who succeeded in forming a settlement of . fifty persons had a large 
tract of land granted to him fronting sixteen miles on any navigable 
river, and as wide as the occupants might need. These landholders 
-were called patroons. Individual settlers were furnished with as 
many negroes as the company could supply, and thus slavery was 
introduced at an early day. 

One of the chief troubles with the Dutch was an Indian war, 
brought about by the unwarranted massacre of a hundred or more 
of the men, women, and children of a neighbouring tribe. It lasted 
for nearly two years, 1643-45, and in the language of the historian 
Bancroft, "Villages were laid waste, the farmer murdered in his 
field, and his children swept into captivity. From the shores of 
New Jersey to the borders of Connecticut, not a bowery (or country- 
seat) was spared." 

Meanwhile, the English had set up a claim to the territory, 
and Charles II. granted it to his brother James, Duke of York. 
An armed vessel and troops thereupon appeared before New 
Amsterdam, and demanded that the fort and town should be 
surrendered to English authority, which ' was done without 
resistance in August, 1664. The name New Amsterdam now 
became New York, and this name was afterwards applied to the 
whole territory retained by the Duke, including the portion known 
as_ New Jersey. In 1673, the Dutch and English nations then 
being at war, a Dutch fleet came to New York, and compelled the 
town to surrender, but it remained in their possession only about 
fifteen months, when it was captured by the English, and was 
governed by them until the colony became independent. 



48 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



The population at the beginning of the English rule in 1664 
was 10,000 ; in 1776 it was over 180,000, the inhabitants consisting 
of English, Scotch, Erench, and Germans. In religion, the majority 
were Presbyterians and Independents. An important event in the 
history of the colony was the treaty made with the Indian tribes, 
known as the " Six Nations," and it was long and faithfully kept, 
and proved of great advantage to the English settlers. Professor - 
Quackenboss gives the following description of the people at that 
time: — "The Dutch of the New World were a thrifty, honest,, 
hospitable people, never in a hurry, not given to many words, fond 
of good cheer, and of smoking their pipes on the stoops of their 
neat and comfortable houses. Manhattan Island, in the olden 
time, was dotted with "boweries," or country seats. The town 
was at the lower extremity, a palisade having been run across the 
Island at what is now Wall-street, to keep off the Indians. The 
better class of buildings rejoiced in roofs of red and black tiles,, 
and gables of bricks that had crossed the ocean. After a time,, 
house servants — in some cases, negro slaves — became common.. 
At a still later period, a fondness for finery was exhibited. The 
ladies were gay with jaunty jackets of cloth or silk, elaborate 
coloured skirts, and girdle-chains, to which, on Sunday, handsome 
Bibles or hymn-books were attached. The fine gentlemen wore 
knee-breeches, silver shoe-buckles, long velvet waistcoats, and 
coats set off with bright silver buttons. Under the second English 
Governor, the first mail was despatched from New York to Boston,,, 
the round trip taking a month." 



NEW JERSEY. 

Chaptee VII. 



It has already been stated that the territory of New Jersey formed: 
part of New Netherlands, but in 1664, the same year in which 
Charles II. made the Duke of York proprietor of the province of 
New York, the Duke of York ceded it to two English noblemen — 
Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret— and it became a separate- 
province. It received its name in compliment to the latter, who- 
had been Governor of the little island of Jersey, England. Lord 
Berkeley sold his share of the territory to an English Quaker, who- 
assigned it to William Penn and other Quakers or Friends. The* 
territory was thereupon divided between the proprietors — Carteret 
taking the eastern and the Friends the western half — and these 
portions were respectively called East Jersey and West Jersey. 

In 1682 William Penn and eleven of his brethren purchased 
the eastern portion, and thus New Jersey became the exclusive 



History of the United States. 



49 



property of the Friends. A famous Scotch Quaker, named Eobert 
Barclay, was made Governor, and many persecuted Scotch Presby- 
terians emigrated there, besides thousands who represented various 
other religious denominations. In 1702 the Jerseys were united 
into one royal province, and placed under the same Governor as 
New York ; but, in response to the petitions of the people, the king, 
in 1738, appointed a separate governor, and New Jersey remained 
a royal province under this form of administration down to the time 
of independence. The population of the colony at the close of the 
colonial period was nearly 150,000. 



PENNSYLVANIA AND DELAWARE 



William Penn, already spoken of in connection with the history 
of New Jersey, as early as 1681 , obtained from Charles II. a large 
grant west of the Delaware river, in payment of £16,000 which had 
been due to his father by the English Government. To this territory 
the king gave the name of Pennsylvania, signifying " Penn's Forest 
Land." It was designed from the first to be an asylum for the 
English Quakers, and in the southern portion there were already 
settled about 3,000 people, principally Swedes, Finns, and Dutch. 

Being brought up in wealth, 
Penn, in 1681, sent to his new pos- 
sessions several ships with emi- 
grants, and followed them in person 
during the ensuing year. Soon after 
his arrival he selected Philadelphia 
— meaning " Brotherly Love " — as 
the site of his proposed city. It 
prospered from the first, and at the 
end of the second year as many as 
600 houses had been built. Penn's 
treatment of the Indians was in 
accordance with his Christian-like 
character. He sent them messages 
saying he looked upon them as his 
brethren, and would treat them as 
such; and under a large elm tree at 
what is called Kensington, near 
Philadelphia, he met the chiefs and 
warriors in council, and made with 
them a treaty of friendship that 
never was broken. It has been 
said that ''not a drop of Quaker blood was ever shed by an 
Indian." 

In 1684 the colony contained twenty settled townships and a 




50 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



population of 7,000, with a legislature elected by the people, and 
was in a prosperous condition. 

In 1682 Perm had obtained from the Duke of York a grant of 
territory comprised in the present State of Delaware, which was 
originally a part of the New Netherlands, but afterwards came 
within the province of New York. In 1684 Penn returned to 
England. During his absence dissensions arose and Delaware 
withdrew from her union with Pennsylvania. In order to remove 
all public grievances, he returned in 1699 and granted a new 
charter which gave the people much greater power. This remained 
in force until independence. He died in 1718. His large posses- 
sions were left to his three sons, by whom, through deputies, the 
Government was managed until the Eevolution, when their claims 
were purchased by the Commonweath of Pennsylvania for the sum 
of 580,000 dols. The boundary between Pennsylvania and Mary- 
land caused much trouble for many years, but it was finally settled 
in 1761 by two surveyors who established what is known as 
''Mason and Dixon's Line." Newspapers were early established 
in Philadelphia, and Benjamin Franklin was the editor of one of 
them. The population in 1776 was 370,000. 



MARYLAND. 

Chaptee VIII. 



In a similar manner that persecution led the Pilgrims to seek 
refuge in Massachusetts, the oppression of the English Catholics 
led to the colonization of Maryland. In 1632 Charles I. gave to 
a Roman Catholic nobleman (Lord Baltimore, after whom the 
City of Baltimore is named) a grant of lands on both sides of 
Chesapeake Bay, extending eastward from the Potomac River to 
the sea. In honour of the Queen Henrietta Maria, he called the 
territory Maryland. Under the direction of Leonard Calvert, 
brother of Lord Baltimore, the first settlement was made at a 
place called St. Mary's, in 1634. " The settlement," says Bancroft, 
; 'was made at an Indian town which the natives were preparing 
to abandon. The Indian women taught the wives of the new- 
comers to make bread of maize ; the warriors of the tribe instructed 
the huntsmen how rich were the forests of America with game, and 
joined them in the chase." Laws were enacted which secured to 
all the right to worship God with entire freedom, and the popula- 
tion increased rapidly. Troubles, however, occurred from various 
causes. One William Clayborne, who, under a licence from 
Charles I. to trade with the Indians, had established trading-posts, 
refused to acknowledge the authority of Governor Calvert, and, 



History of the United States. 



51 



taking up arms against him, compelled the latter to seek safety in 
Virginia. Calvert returned the next year, however, at the head of 
a military force, and regained his possessions. Religious differences 
constituted another source of trouble. While Cromwell was a 
power in England, the Protestants controlled the Legislature, and 
passed a law disenfranchising Catholics. The consequence was a 
civil war in 1655, which kept society in a turmoil until 1660. In 
1691 King William made Maryland a royal province, and it so 
remained for twenty years, when the fifth Lord of Baltimore had 
his claim as proprietor of the colony acknowledged, and Maryland, 
from that time until the Revolution, remained under a proprietary 
Govenment. 

In 1699 the capital was transferred from St. Mary's to 
Annapolis, the present seat of the United States Naval Academy. 
The population in 1776 was 220,000. Tobacco was one of the 
staples, and long served as the currency. 



NORTH AND SOUTH CAROLINA. 



Chapteb IX. 



Sixty years after Sir Walter Raleigh's unsuccessful attempts to 
settle on Roanoke Island elapsed before any other was made within 
the limits of this territory. About 
1650, a party of Virginians re- 
moved southward, selecting a spot 
at the mouth of the Chowan 
River lying north of Albemarle 
Sound. They were Puritans, 
Quakers, Baptists, and others who 
refused to conform to the Church 
of England, which had been es- 
tablished by law in Virginia. . 
They found a rich soil, a fine 
climate, and lived happily without 
any government. 

In 1663 Charles II. gave a 
grant to Lord Clarendon and 
other English noblemen of all 
the territory between Virginia 
and Florida . It received the 
name of Carolina in honour 
of King Charles (Latin, Garolus). 
The proprietors called the little settlement on the Chowan the 
Albemarle Colony, and gave it a liberal government. In 1665 
a company from Barbadoes established a settlement near the mouth 




52 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



of Cape Fear Eiver, and this was given the name of Clarendon 
Colony. It was situated near the present site of the City of Wil- 
mington. Both these settlements were within the limits of North 
Carolina, but that name had not been given to the province. 

In 1670 a colony was founded on the south side of the Ashley 
Eiver, and called, in honour of one of the proprietors, Carteret 
Colony. This was the first settlement within the present limits of 
South Carolina. The English proprietors referred to engaged John 
Locke, the famous philosopher, to draw up a charter and scheme of 
government for the new province, which they thought would prove 
a great and populous empire. The constitution was accordingly 
prepared, and named the " Grand Model ;" but with its " array of 
feudal lords it was wholly unfit for the free deer-hunters of Albe- 
marle, who would call no man master." Ten years later the City 
of Charleston was founded on the Ashley and Cooper Eivers, so 
named in honour of Lord Ashley Cooper, afterwards Earl of Shaftes- 
bury. Large numbers of the Huguenots, driven from France by 
Louis XIV., settled in South Carolina about this time. North 
Carolina likewise received an excellent class of settlers, in 1777 a 
large company of French Protestants establishing themselves on the 
Eiver Trent, while in 1710 there was an emigration of persecuted 
German Lutherans. 

Early in the 18th century the settlers suffered much irom 
Indian hostilities. In the north the Tuscaroras went on the war 
path, and in South Carolina another tribe, called the Yemasses, 
waged a fierce warfare, until they were driven southward. Dissen- 
sions arose between the people and the proprietors, the latter 
refusing to allow many of the privileges enjoyed by other colonies. 
Accordingly the proprietors agreed, in 1729, to sell their rights to 
the Crown, which being done, the King divided the northern from 
the southern settlement, and called them respectively North and 
South Carolina. Each remained a royal province, with a governor 
and legislature of its own, to the end of colonial times. A pecu- 
liarity of North Carolina is that its prosperity as a colony was due 
to the presence of large numbers of Scotch, French, German, and 
North of Ireland people, who constituted the bulk of its population. 
The Colony of South Carolina likewise attracted many desirable 
inhabitants. There were Hollanders from New York, Huguenots 
from France, and people from England arid Scotland, both Puritans 
and Cavaliers. Slaves were introduced at an early date, and, as 
the colony was from the first a planting colony, slavery had a rapid 
growth. The culture of rice began in 1694. A captain of a ship 
from Madagascar presenting a bag of seed rice to the Governor, it 
was divided among his friends, and, being planted, soon became a 
main staple of South Carolina. As the southern border of South 
Carolina touched the Spanish possessions of Florida a number of 
collisions occurred, and in 1702, a war then existing between 
England and Spain, Governor Moore, of the province, led an 
expedition against St. Augustine. From 1729 to the end of colonial 



History of the United States. 5$ 



times South Carolina was ruled by a Governor appointed by the 
King, and an Assembly elected by the people. It was a period of 
great prosperity. Charleston became an important commercial 
city, the principal staples being indigo, rice, tar, and bearskins. 
So many negroes were brought there that in 1734 they outnumbered 
the whites as five to one. The rice planters formed a wealthy and 
cultivated class, and it early became a custom to send their sons to 
England to be educated, and 'these, on reaching maturity, repre- 
sented a chivalry and intellectuality that had no little influence in 
the subsequent struggle with the mother country. 

Georgia.— George II. of England, in 1732, granted the 
territory lying between the Savannah and Altamaha rivers to 
General Ogelthorpe, a soldier and member of Parliament, noted both 
for his benevolence and his exploits in some of the European 
wars. At that time, in England, debtors were imprisoned and 
treated harshly, and a company of gentlemen proposed to 
create a refuge for such persons, as well as for others who 
were poor and distressed or persecuted. The trustees of the 
colony were chosen from the most virtuous and charitable of 
England, and the province was called Georgia in honour of the 
King. The first company sent out consisted of 120 poor debtors 
and bankrupt tradesmen with their. families, and in 1733 they com- 
menced a settlement on the present site of the City of Savannah. 
A treaty of friendship was made with the Indians, and thus was 
founded the Colony of Georgia. The increase of the population was 
rapid, the emigrants consisting of Moravians who fled from Austria, 
Scotch Highlanders, Swiss, and Germans. Among the early emi- 
grants were two young clergymen, John and Charles Wesley, 
founders in America of the denomination of Methodists. The 
trustees prohibited the use of rum, and declared slavery unlawful, 
and owing to the nearness of Georgia to the hostile Spaniards in 
Florida the colony languished. During the war between England 
and Spain, and the hostilities which ensued between the rival 
colonies, Oglethorpe successfully defended the settlers, and Georgia 
remained unharmed. The Indians proved to be warm allies of the 
colonists. On one occasion a chief addressed the governor, and, 
presenting a buffalo skin painted on the inside with the head and 
feathers of an eagle, he said: "We have brought you a little 
present. The feathers of the eagle are soft, signifying love ; the skm 
is warm, the emblem of protection ; therefore love and protect our 
little families." In 1752 the trustees of Georgia surrendered the 
charter to the king, and thenceforth it became a royal province. 
The prohibitions before referred to were now removed, and from 
that time Georgia advanced rapidly in population and wealth. 



54 



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History of the United States. 55 



FRENCH AND INDIAN WARS. 

PART II.— Chapter X. 

In addition to the conflicts between the natives and the colonists 
already recorded, there were four great wars with the French and 
Indians that had an important bearing upon the development of 
the country. These are: 1. The war of 1689, called " King Wil- 
liam s War; " 2. The war of 1702, called " Queen Anne's War- " 
3. The war of 1745, called " King George's War ■ " and I The 
war of 1754, called « The French and Indian War."' The last was 
the most important. While the English colonies were growing th- 
French were gradually pushing their possessions in the north 'and 
west. They had established missions and forts along the chain of 
the great lakes, penetrated the Mississippi valley, and finally 
claimed the vast territory from the source of the Mississippi to its 
mouth m the Gulf of Mexico. With two such nations standing as 
rivals on American soil, it was only a question of time when the 
struggle for supremacy should come. 

La Salle, a bold adventurer, following in the footsteps of the 
Jesuit missionaries, descended the Mississippi from the mouth of 
the Illinois river to the Gulf of Mexico, and taking possession of 
the country he named it « Louisiana," in honour of Louis XIV 
the King of France. A year or two afterwards, La Salle brought a 
company of people from France, and endeavoured to establish a 
colony at the mouth of the Mississippi, but as the ship was unable 
to find the mouth of the river, the party were landed in Texas 
where they built a fort. After enduring fearful hardships in this 
wild country, the attempt at settlement proved a complete failure 
and La Salle was assassinated. 

The war in Europe between England and France naturally 
extended to the American colonies. It was begun by the eastern 
Indians, who were allies of the French. It continued until 1697 
and during its progress both French and savages invaded many of 
the English settlements in New York and New England and per- 
petrated the most shocking barbarities. When peace was made it 
was agreed that each side was to have the same territory as before 
the war An incident connected with this savage conflict illustrates 
the perils of the women and children, and also the courage with 
which they were often called upon to encounter disaster Mrs 
Hannah Dustm was confined to a sick bed in her home near 
Haverhill, Mass., when the town was attacked by Indians ' Her 
husband, at work in a neighbouring field, kept off the savages with 
his gun while seven of his children made their escape. He arrived 
too late, however, to defend his wife. The savages burned the 
house, dashed the new-born babe against a tree, and dragged the 
mother with other captives through the wilderness, until, after some 
days of journeying, they reached an island in the Merrimac Eiver 



56 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Here, learning that she was to be taken many miles further, she 
resolved to make an effort to regain her freedom. A boy was her 
fellow-captive. Waking him and her nurse one night, she confided 
her intention to them, and told them what to do ; then, stealthily 
seizing a tomahawk, slew all the Indians but two of the children. 
Finding a canoe, the two women and boy descended the Memmac 
to Haverhill, and were soon safe among friends who had mourned 
them as lost. A statue of the heroic woman is reared upon the 
spot to commemorate this daring act. 

Scarcely five years elapsed after the preceding war when peace 
was disturbed .by a war between England on the one side and 
France and Spain on the other. New England again was the 
principal sufferer, and her frontier settlements were laid waste. 
The colonists now determined to retaliate by striking a blow on 
French soil. Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Ehode Island 
fitted out an expedition, and in 1710 captured the territory that is 
now known by the name of Nova Scotia. When the war ended in 
1713 this was the only gain to England. ( 

French progress in settlement was stopped by King William s 
war, but afterwards the efforts to colonise Louisiana was renewed. 
In 1699 a Canadian carried a colony from France to Biloxi, the 
first European settlement within the present State of Mississippi. 
Most of these were subsequently moved to Mobile, the first settle- 
ment within the present State of Alabama, and Mobile was made 
the capital of Louisiana. In 1718 Bienville founded the City of 
New Orleans, but French progress in the Mississippi Valley was 
slow, the population in 1750 being only 7,500. At this time the 
French had control of all the water routes leading from the great 
lakes to the Valley of the Mississippi, and had established more 
than sixty military stations between Lake Ontario and New 
Orleans. All this progress, however, was interrupted by King 
George's war. The chief event of this conflict was the capture of 
Louisburg, a stronghold of importance to the French, because it 
guarded the entrance to the Gulf of St. Lawrence. Peace was 
established by the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle in 1748, but it was 
agreed that both sides should restore the places taken, and accord- 
ingly Louisburg was given back to its original owners. 

° The preceding wars had grown out of disputes in Europe, but 
that which followed in 1754, and was greater than the others, grew 
■out of the question whether the French or the English should be 
masters of the American continent. The progress of the French m 
the North-west and in the valley of the Mississippi has been seen. 
They were intent on the formation of a great Empire in the 
magnificent territory watered by the St. Lawrence, the Great 
Lakes, and the Mississippi Eiver. All this was claimed by right of 
discovery and settlement-. Their wish was to confine the English 
to the belt of land along the Atlantic coast, while they were to hold 
all west of the Alleghanies and control the rich Indian traffic. In 
Marshall's " Life of Washington," the author says :— 



History of the United States. 57 



"The settlements of the French, stretching from north to 
south, necessarily interfered with those of the English stretching 
from east to west. Their plan if executed would have completely 
environed the English. Canada and Louisiana united, would, as 
has been aptly said, have formed a bow, of which the English 
colonies would have formed the string. The delightful region 
between the summit of the Alleghany Mountains and the 
Mississippi, was the object for which these two powerful nations 
contended ; and it now became apparent that the sword alone could 
decide the contest." 

A grant made by the English Crown, in 1749, of 500,000 acres 
on the Ohio, for the purpose of planting settlers beyond the 
Alleghanies and trading with the Western tribes, brought matters 
to a crisis. The Ohio Company soon had surveyors at work on 
their lands, but not before the French, pushing down from then- 
strong post of Fresque Isle on Lake Erie, established forts in 
the north-west of Pennsylvania. The next movement on the part 
of the French was to break up an English post in what is now 
Western Ohio, and to carry off its occupants as prisoners. Governor 
Dinwiddie, of Virginia, saw the storm coming, and prepared to 
avert it. He determined to send a " person of distinction " to 
demand an explanation of the French. The ambassador selected 
was Major George Washington, a young Virginian, twenty-one years 
old, who afterwards became the first President of the United States. 
Washington was born on the banks of the Potomac, in Westmore- 
land County, Virginia, February 22, 1732. As a lad he was 
distinguished for his truthfulness, manly spirit, and energy. He 
had made himself a good surveyor at sixteen. At nineteen he was 
made adjutant of one of the Virginia militia districts with the rank 
of major. Even then he was looked upon as a young man of 
uncommon promise. As Governor Dinwiddie sent him on the 
mission referred to he said, with a broad Scotch accent, " Ye're a 
braw lad, an' gin ye play your cards weel ye shall hae nae cause to 
rue your bargain." 

The "braw lad" started from Williamsburg, October 31, 1753, 
on his journey of five hundred miles, much of it through a wilder- 
ness full of perils. While on his way he had a conference with the 
Indians, already thoroughly alarmed, inasmuch as, between their 
"fathers the French" and their "brothers the English," they 
found themselves likely to be left without land enough to 'raise a 
wigwam on. He succeeded in obtaining from them new promises 
of friendship, and, accompanied by three of their chiefs, struggled 
on through the storms of early winter to the French forts. 

The French commandant received Washington courteously, but 
declared that he must obey his orders from the Governor General of 
Canada. _ At the same time, the other officers made no secret 
of their intention, as soon as spring opened, to sweep the English 
from the whole Ohio valley. Washington completed his mission in 
safety, but the reply was not satisfactory. Governor Dinwiddie 



58 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



immediately sent a party to construct a fort at the junction of the 
Monongahela rivers where Pittsburg now stands. In the following 
spring a regiment was sent into the disputed territory, with 
Washington second in command. While the troops were on the 
march, news came that the French had driven off the builders of 
the fort, and had themselves completed the work. They called it 
Fort du Quesne. Washington hastened forward, met a body of the 
French at a place called Great Meadows, made an attack, and beat 
them. It was the first blood shed in the war. A great struggle 
was now at hand. 

It is unnecessary to trace in detail the events that followed. 
Suffice it to say, that after a series of brilliant victories, the contest 
for the possession of America ended triumphantly for the English in 
1760 ; but elsewhere the French and English continued the war 
until 1763, when, by the Treaty of Paris, peace was declared. The 
result was that France gave up to England all of her American 
possessions east of the Mississippi except the island and city of 
New Orleans. At the same time, France gave up to Spain all the 
country west of the Mississippi, while Spain ceded to England 
Florida, in exchange for Havana, which had been captured when 
Spain rushed madly into hostilities as an ally of France. 



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History of the United States. 59 



THE CONSTITUTIONAL PERIOD. 

PAET III.— Chapter XI. 

It has been well said that " the attachment of the American Colonies 
to the ' Mother Country ' was never stronger than at the close of 
the French War. The Colonists were proud of being descended 
from British ancestors, and gloried in sharing the rights of subjects 
of England. The trials and triumphs of the French wars made 
Colonists and Englishmen feel more than ever like brothers." Still, 
the Colonists had some grievances, They had suffered from bad 
Eoyal governors, and became jealous of arbitrary power. Obnoxious 
trade monopoly and navigation laws, which bore heavily on the 
industry, commerce and manufactures of the colonies, likewise 
created dissatisfaction. They insisted that taxation without repre- 
sentation was an infringement on the rights of freemen ; that the 
power to tax them should be vested in their own colonial assemblies ; 
or, that if Parliament were co exercise it, they should be represented 
in Parliament. War ensued, and for eight years men of the same 
race, many of them knitted together by ties of blood, struggled for 
the mastery. It is not the purpose of this brief history, however, to 
describe the differences which, beginning in 1765, only ended when 
Great Britain, in 1783, acknowledged the independence of the United 
States — but rather to show the successive steps that led to the 
founding and growth of that great empire from which has flowed to 
all mankind a wealth of blessings. 

When the American Eevolution ended, what had been the 
thirteen original colonies, now states, all lay along the comparatively 
narrow strip of territory upon the Atlantic coast. The result of the 
war was to secure that vaster domain which, reaching westward, 
now terminates on the shores of the Pacific, and which, from time 
to time, has been divided and subdivided, until now, under one flag, 
there is a country which embraces thirty-eight states, ten territories' 
besides the district of Columbia, in which is situated the national 
capital; an area of 3,557,009 square miles, and a population of not 
less than 55,000,000. It is in this country, with its marvellous 
growth and wonderful resources, its achievements in the arts 
sciences, and manufactures, its agricultural and industrial develop- 
ments, that we of the present age are more interested, than in those 
thing which have passed away. 

And why not ? With a land rich in precious metals, richer still in 
its useful minerals ; with a race on which has been and is still being 
grafted the influence of every other race that can contribute to the 
improvement or comfort of men ; with the triumphs of its genius 
everywhere apparent, whether it be in printing presses, telephones, 
sales, sewing machines, fire-engines, lifeboats, railways, reapers or 
the thousands of implements whereby time and labour are econo- 
mised, and the world made happier— why not be interested in such 
mighty progress, and proudly rehearse the wonderful story ? 



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History of the United States, 



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&><V,4^^% 




D 



History of the United States. 63 

THE UNITED STATES. 

Chapter XII. 

Before considering the United States in detail, it is necessary to 
understand its physical and political characteristics. 

Occupying a central and the most valuable portion of North 
America, extending from Canada, on- the north, to the Gulf of 
Mexico, on the south, it has a variety of climates most favourable 
for the development of fertility in the soil. Its greatest length 
across the continent is about 2,800 miles ; its width, 1,800 miles. 
It is nearly as large as the whole of Europe. Spacious harbours 
are on the coast ; numerous rivers open markets to the interior ; 
thousands of lesser streams supply abundant water power for 
manufacturing purposes, .and the earth contains immeasurable 
treasures of gold, silver, coal and iron. 

For educational purposes, common schools are maintained at 
the public expense, and there are 550 or more colleges, 200 of 
which are for women. Freedom of worship is secured to all. 

The General or Federal Government has three departments — 
the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial. The Legislative Depart- 
ment, or Congress, is composed of two bodies or houses — the 
Senate and the House of Eepresentatives. The Executive function 
is vested in a President, who is elected by the people for a term of 
four years. The Judicial function is vested in a Supreme Court, 
consisting of a chief justice and eight associate judges. These are 
appointed by the President with the consent of the Senate. In 
other words, one is the law-making power ; the other the law- 
enforcing power ; and the third the law-interpreting power. The 
State Governments are like the General Government in form. They 
are generally divided into counties, and the counties into townships. 
The Executive power is vested in a Governor, Lieutenant-Governor, 
a Secretary of State, Treasurer, Attorney-General, and a Superin- 
tendent of Schools, all of whom are generally elected by the 
people. The territories are under the control of the General 
Government. The Governor and Judges are appointed by the 
President, but the Legislature is elected by the people. The laws 
are subject to the revision of Congress. 

Agriculture is the leading branch of industry in the United 
States, and employs probably one-half of the inhabitants who 
" work for a living." The crops are enormous, and corn in its 
abundance is frequently burned as fuel. Nearly two thousand 
millions of bushels are produced in a year. It is fed to cattle, 
horses, and hogs, and used in the distillation of whisky. It is the 
food originally used by the Indians, and American housewives are 
adepts in the art of preparing it in various forms. Wheat is the 

D 1 



64 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



second grain crop in value and the first in importance as an export. 
The wheat farms of the west contain many thousands of acres, and 
one of the most attractive sights imaginable is the operation of the 
reaping-machines as they move rapidly over the ground with three 
horses abreast, cutting, measuring the size of the sheaf, binding it 
with human-like precision, and, at regular intervals, tossing it to 
the ground. These machines will cut about fifteen acres a-day. 
The accompanying engraving (for which, with other handsome 
specimens of the art in this volume, the publishers are indebted to 
Messrs. Appleton and Co., of New York) illustrates a harvesting 
scene on one of the western prairies. Of oats, barley, rye and 
buckwheat the supply largely exceeds the home demand. Cotton 
and rice are raised in the south, and sugar-cane has its principal 
home in Louisiana. 




Harvesting Wheat in the West. 

Manufacturing is carried on to a large extent in New England, 
New York, and Pennsylvania, and since the late war, is rapidly 
extending in the south. It would be impossible to mention the 
inventions that have been made by ingenious Americans to take 
the place of ordinary handiwork ; for even the catalogue of those 
which are represented by their models in the Patent Office, would 
fill a score of volumes. Great Britain absorbs the largest portion 
of American exports, and the remainder are marketed in Germany, 
France, and Belgium. On the other hand, the United States draws 



History of the United States. 65 



on Great Britain for cotton and woollen goods ; on France for silks ; 
on China for tea ; on South America for hides ; on the West Indies 
for sugar ; on Brazil for coffee, and on England for tin in plates. 
The inter-state commerce of the country is very large, embracing 
everything from the cotton of the south to the lumber of the north, 
and the pork and beef of the west. The Great Lakes are the inter- 
mediary of an extensive commerce with Canada and the States east 
and west, while the Mississippi Eiver is a great artery running from 
north to south, up and down which are annually conveyed millions 
of tons of the products of the respective regions. Of railroads, there 
are in round numbers about 150,000 miles in operation. No mere 
grouping of facts, however, can give one an idea of the restless 
enterprise that morning, noon and night is piling up the wealth of 
this favoured country. 



THE NEW ENGLAND STATES. 

Chapter XIII. 

The thirty-eight states of the Union are geographically arranged 
in groups, to wit :— The New England States, Middle States, 
Southern States, South- Western States, Central States, Western 
States, and Pacific States. 

New England consists of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, 
Ehode Island, Massachusetts, and Connecticut. The leading 
pursuits are manufactures and commerce ; but agriculture, 
lumbering, and the fisheries are extensively carried on in different 
sections. Not enough grain, however, is grown to supply the wants 
of the people, although great attention is given to the cultivation 
of fruits and vegetables. Manufacturing is facilitated by abundant 
water-power, and there is scarcely any article, from a steam-engine 
to a pin, that is not made by the ingenious New Englanders. The 
sewing-machine was invented by Elias Howe, of Massachusetts, 
in 1846, and it has cheapened the manufacture of everything that 
is worn. The process of vulcanising india-rubber was discovered, 
about the same time, by Charles Goodyear, of Massachusetts, and 
since then it has been turned to account in the fabrication of an 
immense number of useful articles. Among the thousand products 
of New England workmanship may be mentioned paper, pianos, 
and pins; combs, carriages, and clocks; buttons, buckles, and 
buckets; watches, wire, and wooden ware; rifles, revolvers, and 
ribbons ; screws, soap, and silver ware ; German-silver ware and 
Britannia ware; locks and jewellery; hooks and eyes; together 
with innumerable other small articles known as " Yankee notions." 
It has been said that Massachusetts exports none of her natural 
productions except her rocks and her ice. Yet the granite of 



66 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 




Making Maple Sugar. 

Massachusetts and New Hampshire, the marbles of Vermont, and 
the brownstone of Connecticut, are important exports. Vermont 
has a peculiar gift of nature in the maple sugar — a tree that yields 
a sap that is boiled into sugar, or turned into molasses, and is a 
favourite sweet all over the country. 

Maine is noted for its extensive lumber manufactures, its 
shipbuilding (in which it ranks as the first State in the Union), and 
its fisheries. The chief city is Portland. 

New Hampshire is sometimes called " the Switzerland 
of America," on account of the grandeur of its White Mountain 
scenery. It is both a farming and manufacturing State. A United 
States navy-yard is now on the site where the first settlers landed 
in 1622. 

Massachusetts ranks as the first State in manufactures 
and the fisheries, and next to New York in commerce. It is noted 
for its many large cities, all of which are the outgrowth of its varied 
industries, and for the culture of its people. The capital is Boston, 
and the business and literary metropolis of New England. It is 
also famous for the beauty of its suburbs, and the spirit of enterprise 
that has rescued a bleak and forbidding territory from its original 
condition of wildhess and made it " blossom like a rose." Lowell, 
Lawrence, and Fall Eiver are noted for their cotton factories, and 
Lynn is famous for the manufacture of ladies' shoes. Springfield 
contains the principal arsenal of the United States. 

Bhode Island is the smallest, but one of the most thickly- 
settled and prosperous .States in the Union. Its factories for the 



llll.i'j !i'w!.i ,!n!illlii, !i ' '.i li 1 r. il."| iiji'fj.'j h ■< 




68 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



manufacture of cotton and wool are among the largest in the 
country. Hardware, jewellery, and plated ware are also among its 
numerous products. ' ' 

Connecticut, or as it is sometimes called, The land ol 
steady habits," has beautiful scenery varied by hill and dale. The 
river from which the state derives its name, runs from north to 
south and the supply of water power is such as to keep thousands 
of looms and other kinds of mechanism, busy in the miscellaneous 
work which characterises the products of this state. These pro- 
ducts are exported to every part of the world 

The Middle States.— The Middle States are New York, 
New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland. By reason 
of central position and abundant water power, manufacturing is 
greatly facilitated, and a vast foreign and domestic trade exists 

New York is the foremost of the States, having more than 
one-tenth of the population and one-seventh of the wealth of the 
United States In the value of its manufactures it takes the lead. 
Mining and quarrying are carried on to a considerable extent. 
The fisheries of the state are also of large importance, especially the 
shad fisheries on the Hudson. It is famous for the diversity of its 
scenery its mountains, lakes, islands, and summer resorts. No 
state in the union affords such varied opportunities for the enjoy- 
ment of Nature in her manifold shapes as this. The great forests of 
the Adirondacks are the resort of lovers of game ; _ Niagara I alls is 
the grandest cataract in the world; Hudson Eiver is never forgotten 
by the tourist who has once marvelled at its wondrous beauty ; the 
shores of Lake George and its waters, studded with nearly two 
hundred islands, are rich in Indian legends, and are the locale cl 
some of the charming novels of the famous American novelist 
Eenimore Cooper ; while the many cities and towns, all alive with 
enterprise, are the homes of that refinement which walks hand m 

hand with education. 

The great Erie Canal connects Lake Erie with the head ot 
navigation on the Hudson, and thus is opened a continuous route 
from the Eocky Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean. The railway 
system of the state is like a cobweb in its ramifications, and the 
passenger may start from the point where in colonial times Henry 
Hudson gave the first drink of -fire-water" to the Indians,, and, 
taking a palace car, travel as luxuriously as a prince across the 
continent to the shores of the Pacific. In brief, New York State, 
with its public institutions, colleges, schools, manufactories, agricul- 
ture, commerce, internal improvements, and government, represents 
the acme of modern civilisation. 

It is its great metropolis, however, the financial emporium 
of the New "World, second in importance only to London, that 
excites the astonishment of the stranger. Steam ferries the 
great suspension bridge (see engraving), telegraphic and telephonic 
lines, elevated railroads, pneumatic tubes and kindred appliances 
bring the suburbs to the centre of this pulsating heart, and 



History of the United States. 



69 



thousands are thus enabled to make the city their workshop 
and the country their bedroom. The commercial advantages 
consist in its highways of trade, its magnificent harbour, and a 
water front twenty-five miles in extent. More than one-half of the 
trade of the Union is carried on at this port, and the commercial 
transactions are measured by hundreds of millions of dollars. 
Its productions cover almost the entire field of human art and 
industry. In the number and magnificence of its public and 
private buildings, its libraries, colleges, academies of art and 
literature, its public squares and parks — one of the latter, the 
Central Park, being the handsomest in America, if not in the 
world — one sees a display of wealth that seems to be almost 
prodigal ; but it is a prodigality tempered by wisdom, and illustrates 
the manifest destiny of the people. 

Brooklyn, which has been styled the " city of churches," is 
practically the twin of New York, and exhibits many of the features 
described above. In population it ranks as the third city in the 
United States. 




The Oil Industry. 



70 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



IMPROVED BRICK MACHINERY 



"\J""^J '~\J~\-'~ x -J~^->'~\ 



Stone Extracting CLAY CRUSHERS, Clay Tempering 
BRICK MACHINES, Artificial BRICK DRYERS. 

I 




Machines of 12,000, 25,000, 50,000 Bricks per ten hours capacity. 



- 1 « ft »«^ « M+ n m n m m <-. m g^jfcj 



SEND FOR ILLUSTRATED PAMPHLET. 



CHAMBERS, BROTHER & CO. 

B2nd Street, below Lancaster Ave., 

PHILADELPHIA, U.S.A. 




R. H. SMITH & CO.'S 

METAL-BODIED RUBBER-FACED 

TYPES. 

The only accurate changeable types adapted to hand printing. 



' ' Rapid 



THE 



' ' AND C C 

THE 



Banker s 



7 J 1 



PRINTING PRESSES. 

For use either with Rubber Stamps, or Metal-Bodied Rubber- 
Faced Types. 



SEAL EMBOSSING PRESSES, 

IMPROVED PATTERN, AND 

Extbte anb Jttdai f) tinting Stamps, 

FOR OFFICIAL AND PRIVATE USE. 



PRICE LISTS FREE ON APPLICATION ! AGENTS WANTED ! 

Sole Agents for the United Kingdom: 

M, LINDNER, 170, fleet St., London, e.c. 

AMERICAN EXHIBITION : Department III., Column C, No. 43. 



History of the United States. 



71 




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72 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

The capital, Albany, was settled by the Dutch, and it contains 
a population proud of the sturdy ancestry from which they 
descended. To describe the score of other cities and towns of 
importance would require a volume. 

New Jersey being on the route between the metropolis of 
the New World and the Southern States, is a busy highway of 
trade and travel. It is principally engaged in raising vegetables for 
the markets of New York City and Philadelphia ; but in the 
northern part of the State are many large manufacturing cities. 
Iron and zinc are extensively mined. Trenton, the capital, produces 
more crockery than any other city in America. Newark, the largest 
city in the State, is noted for its manufactures of jewellery, saddlery, 
hats, carriages, etc. Jersey City is a great railroad centre, and a 
tunnel under the Hudson Eiver is in course of construction to 
connect it with New York. Paterson contains extensive locomotive 
works, and in the production of silk goods is the foremost city in 
the United States. 

Pennsylvania is the greatest mining State in the Union, 
and is a rival of New York in agriculture, manufactures, and 
commerce. Its anthracite beds are the most extensive in the 
world, and large quantities of petroleum are also obtained. 
Petroleum wells are shown in the engraving. They are bored 
with the aid of drills and derricks. It will be observed in the 
foreground that a steam-pump is at work drawing off the oil into 
an adjacent tank, from which it will be carried in pipes to other 
tanks conveniently situated for its shipment by boat or rail. It is 
conveyed to refineries in tank-barges or in tank-cars of the peculiar 
fireproof construction shown in the picture, and also through under- 
ground iron pipes. Prom these oil regions a pipe line, sixty-five 
miles long, conveys crude petroleum to Buffalo, where it is refined. 
It is also carried to New Jersey, at the ocean front, where it 
becomes, under the manipulation of expert chemists, paraffin 
candles, chewing gum, sewing-machine or lubricating oil, and is 
made to take a great variety of profitable shapes. Pennsylvania 
furnishes about half the iron used in the country, and its railroads 
are known as models throughout the commercial world. 

Philadelphia is the second city of the United States in 
population and the first in area, containing 129 square miles. It 
will be remembered that William Penn selected the site of this city, 
and in laying it out he caused provision to be made for streets that 
should run at right angles to each other, for houses with plenty of 
breathing space around them, and for parks in which the public 
might enjoy recreation after the labours of the day. These 
characteristics are still observed, and the city is, therefore, one of 
the most beautiful in the country. Fairmount Park (2,740 acres) 
is one of its chief ornaments, and a partial view of the great resort 
is shown in the accompanying view. 

Pittsburgh, now the second city in the State, was the site 
of the Fort du Quesne, mentioned in the history of the French and 



History of the United States. 



73 



Indian war. Being captured by the English the name was 
changed to Fort Pitt, in honour of the great English statesman. 
It has the largest iron and glass works in the country. Many of 
its establishments use natural gas for manufacturing purposes, as a 
-substitute for coal, and the time may not be far distant when other 
*cities within a radius of two or three hundred miles will be supplied 
with this obedient heating and illuminating agent. 

Delaware is a fruit-growing State. Indian corn, wheat, and 
oats are the chief grain products. Bog-iron ore and shell marl — 
the latter good for fertilising purposes — abound in the regions 
along the coast. Wilmington, the only large city in the State, 
builds iron steamships, and manufactures railroad cars, carriages, 
paper, and gunpowder. 

Maryland is an agricultural State, and exports wheat, flour, 
and tobacco. In the mountainous western region are rich mines of 
coal. Baltimore, named after Lord Baltimore, who founded the 
colony, is the chief city, and ranks as the third seaport of the 
United States. The Baltimore and Ohio Eailroad, one of the most 
important in the country, connects it with the Valley of the 
Mississippi. Annapolis, the capital, is the seat of the United 
States Naval Academy. 




TRELOAR A 

68, 69, and 70, LUDGATE HILL, 




s 



74 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE SOUTHERN STATES. 



Chaptee XIV. 



The Southern States are Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina,. 
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Louisiana,. 
Arkansas, and Texas. The average size of this group is greater than. 
that of either of the groups already mentioned. The population,, 
however, is less dense. South Carolina, the smallest Southern 
State, is nearly the size of Maine, the largest of the New England 
States, and one of its counties is larger than the State of Ehode 
Island. Yet the latter is represented by Senators and Eepresenta- 
tives in the Congress of the United States, and has a voice equal in 

its voting power in that body to the^ 
State of New York. The area of 
Texas is nearly two hundred times 
that of Ehode Island, and six times, 
the area of New York. Swamps 
abound along the coast and rivers are; 
numerous. The lower course of the- 
Mississippi Eiver belongs to the Southern 
States. Being navigable for 2,200 
miles, and having not less than 10O 
navigable tributaries, it is a natural 
outlet for the products of one of the- 
richest valleys in the world. The 
northern part of the group has a. 
warm, temperate, and the southern 
part a semi-tropical climate. The 
summers are long and hot, and in the 
far south there is scarcely any winter. 
Hence the region is admirably adapted 
to agriculture, and produces largely of 
cotton, corn, rice, and sweet potatoes. Magnolia, palmetto, the. 
cypress and live oak (the latter used for ship building), abound 
along the coast, while in the interior are forests of pine. Coal and 
iron, marble and gypsum, are among the mineral riches of this, 
section. 

"Virginia produces tobacco, wheat and corn, and is noted 
for its tobacco factories, iron works, and flour mills. Eichmond,. 
the capital, is the largest city, and was also the capital of the late 
Southern Confederacy, and the State will be remembered as the 
principal seat of operations during the Confederate War. Norfolk 
is the principal seaport. 




Tobacco Plant. 



History of the United States. 



75 




.Cotton. The Blcom— The Boll— Picking— Ginning— Peessing, 



76 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 




In the Pine Wood?. — Collecting Turpentine. Making Tar. 

"West "Virginia formed a part of the State until 1862,. 
when it was organized as a separate State. Coal, iron, salt, and 
petroleum are among its resources. 

North Carolina, in the production of pitch, tar, tur- 
pentine, and resin, is the leading State. These are obtained 1 
from the broad belt of pine woods that run parallel with the coast r 
and in commerce are known as " naval stores," tar being used to 
cover the rigging of vessels, and pitch to cover the seams. The* 
accompanying engraving illustrates a scene in a pine forest. Crude- 
turpentine oozes from the pine through an incision made in the- 
trunk, and by distillation oil and spirits of turpentine used irr 
medicine and the arts is obtained. The residuum is called resin.. 
Tar is made by burning pine wood filled with resinous matter, in a 
pit with a slow fire kept smouldering by a covering of turf, and the. 
material exudes into an iron pan. Pitch is made by boiling down. 
the tar thus obtained. Shad and herring abound along the coast r 
while in the mountains of the interior are found quantities of gold,, 
iron, asbestos, marble, and coal. In this respect its valuable 
resources are scarcely developed. Its magnificent scenery is a- 
favourite subject of the brush of the painter. 

South Carolina is famous for its rice, Sea Island cotton,, 
and palmettoes on the coast, and its short, staple cotton, and other 
agricultural products that are to be found elsewhere. Its vegetation 



History of the United States. 



77 




A Florida Orange Grove. 

is rich, and the mineral resources, as far as developed, indicate 
the presence of much latent wealth. Before the recent war, its 
planters, surrounded by their immense estates and hundreds of 
slaves, lived in the style of English noblemen ; they were proud,, 
educated, refined, and gave an individuality to society which still 
exists ; but _ the old order of things has passed away for ever. 
Charleston is the principal seaport, and it will be memorable in 
the history of the country in connection with the beginning of the 
war, and the long and determined struggle that ensued for the 
possession of Fort Sumter — a stronghold defending the harbour. 

Georgia ranks as the first of the southern states in manufac- 
tures, and second in the production of cotton, rice, and sweet 
potatoes. Augusta and Columbus are noted for their cotton mills, 
and Atalanta, the capital, for its extraordinary growth during the 
last twenty years, having been destroyed by fire during the war. 
It has an extensive domestic trade and important railroad connec- 
tions with the rest of the country. Savannah is the second cotton 
port in the United States. 

Florida. — This State was settled in 1564 by the French 
Huguenots, but they were massacred by the Spaniards, who then 



78 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 




j wm 



The Sugar-Cane Industry 



History of the United States. 



79 




A Texas Ranch. — Lassoing Cattle. 

founded St. Augustine, the oldest town in the United States. In 
1819 Florida was purchased from Spain by the United States for 
five million of dollars. It is noted for its production of oranges, 
figs, lemons, and other semi-tropical fruits. It is also a winter 
resort of many wealthy northerners, who find in its balmy climate 
relief for weak lungs. The orange plantations are extensive, and a 
profitable source of income. It is also the home of the green turtle 
and alligator. Sponges and cigars are among the exports. 

Mississippi has no mountains, no minerals, and no very 
large city. Its wealth lies in a rich soil. Cotton and corn are the 
staples. 

Alabama, in the Indian language, signifies " here we rest." 
Manufacturing and the working of coal and iron have recently 
become important industries, and remarkable discoveries of the 
latter, in close juxtaposition with coal and limestone, have resulted 
in the buildiug of a city (Birmingham) where ten years ago was but 
an idle waste. Land, which then could be purchased for seventy- 
five cents an acre cannot now be had for one hundred thousand 
dollars an acre ! 

The territory now occupied by Alabama and Mississippi was 
ceded to the United States in 1800. The region was then organized 
as the territory of Mississippi, and out of it was carved Mississippi 
in 1817 and Alabama in 1819. 

Louisiana is an important state on account of its staple 
products, which are sugar-cane, cotton and rice. Nine-tenths of 



80 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



all the sugar made in the United States are raised here. It also 
occupies a commanding commercial position, New Orleans, at the 
mouth of the Mississippi, being the greatest cotton market in the 
world. "Louisiana," in the last century, included the whole 
.country from the Mississippi westward, and northward to the 
southern boundary of British America, a vast region then in the 
possession of France. In the year 1803 this domain was purchased 
irom France for 15 millions of dollars. The State was organized in 
1812, and all the rest of Louisiana took the name of " Missouri." 
The many States created from this territory will be described in 
their order. . 

Arkansas. — The staple products are corn and cotton. Stock- 
raising is extensive- 
Texas exceeds in area either France or the German Empire, 
: and in the abundance and variety of its resources is an empire in 
itself. It produces all of the cereals, together with cotton, sugar, 
tobacco, and the tropical fruits. It also raises more beef cattle 
than any other state, its stock ranches embracing many thousand 
head of both cattle and horses. Large deposits of coal, iron, salt 
and other useful minerals have been found, and emigrants, by reason 
of these attractions, are settling in the State in great number. 
Texas was originally a part of the Spanish American possessions, 
but became a province of Mexico in 1821. In 1836, the settlers 
declared their independence, and in 1845, on application, she was 
admitted to the Union. 



History of the United States. 



81 



THE CENTRAL STATES. 

Chapter XIV. 

These are Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, 
and Michigan. The leading pursuits are agriculture and grazing ; 
but manufactures, mining, and commerce are important industries. 
Ohio is the seat of an immense domestic commerce, and is 
the first state in the production of wool. Among its special 
products are flax and grapes. The state is interlaced with a 
network of railroads. Cincinnati is the metropolis of the Ohio 
Valley, and is distinguished for its beautiful suburbs, pork-packing 
establishments, and manufactures. Facetiously, it is sometimes 
called " Porkopolis." Cleveland, Sandusky, and Toledo are all 
large lake-ports, with extensive commerce. The state was the first 
carved out of the north-west territory which, until 1787, was a vast, 
uninhabited region north of the Ohio Eiver. 




Cincinnati (with Suspension Bkidse). 

-Kentucky is famous for its thoroughbred horses, mules, 
and cattle. It also produces heavy crops of hemp and tobacco. 
Louisville, the metropolis, is the largest tobacco market in the 
world. The celebrated Bourbon whisky also comes from this 
State. The name in the Indian language signifies " the dark and 
bloody ground," because in aboriginal times it was the battle-field 
between hostile tribes. The state is an offshoot from Virginia. 

One of the greatest natural curiosities in the world is the 
Mammoth Cave, discovered in 1809. It extends nine miles, and 



82 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



contains marvellous chambers, grottoes, cataracts, rivers, eyeless 
fish, bottomless pits and other wonders. Its complete exploration 
is deemed impossible. 

Tennessee raises cotton, corn and wheat, and in the 
mountains are extensive copper mines. It entered the Union in 
1796, and originally was a part of North Carolina. 

Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin, may be grouped 
together in describing their resources. They spring from a common 
parent, the North-Western Territory, and are distinguished by their 
fertile soil, food crops, and valuable woods, which are put to various 
uses in the manufacture of articles pertaining to the household or 
farm. Many agricultural implements are made here, and some, of 
the most important inventions of machines for the planting and 
husbanding of crops. Notably the reaper and binder have their 
origin in this locality. 

Chicago, in Illinois, is the metropolis of the "West, and ranks 
as the greatest 'wheat, corn, and live-stock market in the world. In 
commercial importance, it stands next to New York. More than 
10,000 miles of railroad are directly tributary to the city, and every 
twenty-four hours 375 trains or cars enter and leave its depots. Its 
annual commerce exceeds $500,000,000. The grain is received and 
shipped in bulk. It is lifted into elevators from railroad cars by 
buckets running on an endless chain, and operated by powerful 
steam machinery, and is emptied through spouts into the holds of 
vessels. There are twenty-four of these immense elevator ware- 
houses, the total capacity" of which is twenty million of bushels. 
The city is supplied with water by two tunnels two miles long 
running under Lake Michigan. The whole business part of the city 
was destroyed by fire in 1871, but was rapidly rebuilt, and is now 
handsomer than before. 

Michigan consists of two peninsulas. The northern is noted 
for its copper and iron, and the southern for its grain, fruits, wool/ 
maple-sugar, lumber and salt. Detroit is the best harbour on the 
Great Lakes, and is engaged in foreign and domestic commerce. 



History of the United States. 



85 



THE WESTERN STATES. 

Chapter XV. 

This group includes Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Ne- 
braska. The surface is generally level. The climate presents great 
extremes, the summers being warm, and the winters exceedingly 
severe, especially in the northern part. The principal pursuits are 
agriculture, stock-raising, and mining. In the number, extent, and 
value of its mineral deposits Missouri surpasses every other State. 
Those most largely mined are iron, lead, and coal. Iowa has 
inexhaustible fields of bituminous coal, and is rich in lead. Kansas 
has abundant deposits of coal, iron, and salt. St. Paul, the capital 
of Minnesota, and Minneapolis, its sister city at the falls of St. 
Anthony, where there is unlimited water power, are noted for their 
productions of flour and manufactures of lumber. Thirty years ago 
this region was a wilderness; now it has a population of nearly a 
million. 

The States in this group were originally part of the great 
Louisiana purchase. The Indian meaning of the names is as 
follows : Minnesota signifies " Cloudy River ;" Iowa signifies " The 
Sleepy Ones," the name of an Indian tribe ; Missouri takes its 
name from its chief river, signifying " Muddy Water ;" Kansas 
means "Smoky Water;" Nebraska means " Water Valley." St. 
Louis is the chief city on the Upper Mississippi, and has a popu- 
lation of about 450,000. It is the terminus of twenty railroads, and 
situated near the junction of two rivers that traverse what has been 
called " The Garden of the World." This metropolis is the leading 
centre of internal commerce, and ranks first among the cities of the 
country as a manufacturer of flour. 




Fort and Trading Post in the Far West. 



86 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE FINEST FURS THE WORLD PRODUCES 



ARE TO BE HAD AT THE 



International Fur Store, 



163, REGENT STREET. 

SPECIAL ATTENTION IS INVITED TO SOME EXCEPTIONALLY 

FINE SPECIMENS OF 

SEA OTTER, 
RUSSIAN SABLE 



3 



ALASKA AND SOUTH SEA SEALS. 



ALSO A FEW 



CHINESE TIGER & LEOPARD SKINS 

OF RARE QUALITY. 



T ZE3I IE 



INTERNATIONAL FUR STORE, 

/Ifcanufaeturing ffurriers anfc> tfut anfc Sfein 
Dressers ant) Dpers, 

163, REGENT STREET, LONDON, 

T. S. JAY, Manager, 



88 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



PACIFIC STATES. 




Grand Canon of the Colorado. 



Colorado may be called a 
Kocky Mountain State, but the 
Pacific States proper are Oregon, 
California, and Nevada. The 
area of these with the adjacent 
territories equal about one-third 
of the area of the entire country, 
while their population is less than 
twice that of the city of New 
York. California is about two- 
and-a-half times as large as all 
New England. Embracing part 
of the Great Plains; they extend 
from the Eocky Mountains to the 
Pacific Ocean. Some of the 
grandest scenery in the world is 
to be found in these mountains, 
and natural curiosities abound. 
Between the territories of Mon- 
tana and Wyoming a portion of 
land has been set apart by Con- 
gress as a great "national park," 
within the limits of which are not 
less than ten thousand boiling, 
springs and geysers, besides which 
are many grand waterfalls, deep 
canons, and beautiful lakes. The 
Grand Geyser, the most mag- 
nificent in the world, throws a 
stream of hot water to the 
height of 300ft. Another has an 
ascension of over 200ft., and, 
because it breaks loose every hour 



with such regularity that one may time his watch by it it is known 
Z the scouts and tourists as " Old Faithful./ « The Canon of the- 
Yellowstone " is a great mountain rent with perpendicular walls- 
from 1 000ft. to 2,000ft. high. Eor a distance of twenty-five miles- 
along this mighty chasm the river rushes with fearful velocity, and 
makes in one place a leap of 450ft., forming one of the grandest o£ 
waterfalls, Niagara not excepted. The rocks m many places along 
the canon are worn into fantastic shapes, resembling ruined castles 
with minarets and spires, and wearing all the colours of the rain- 
bow. Neither pen of writer nor brush of artist can portray the 
wondrous beautv of this scene. 



History of the United States. 



89' 




Yosemite Valley. 

nf r,J he ^° Se ^ te Vall ey of California is another marvel 
™£?fiS% f co » tams grows of giant trees, mud volcanoes and a 
petimed forest— large redwood trees turned into stone. Minine 
the principal pursuit in the Pacific States and Territories, is carried 
ZmI t S W U K l °i * e P u ? ose ° f obtaining coal, iron, and other 

*l M. \tT r n fj aS 1° ^°, tam 1 gold and silver > of which California 
yields the most gold and Colorado the most silver. 

Oregon is an agricultural and wool-growing State, with 
forests of pines and firs that furnish the best masts in the world 
Copper and iron are also found in quantities 



'90 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



The acquisition of California grew out of the war between 
Mexico and the United States. By the treaty ^followed 
the latter secured the vast territory, including New Mexico and 
.California, the United States agreeing to ^^^^ 

Thus far, the territories 
constructed from this 
cession are Utah and 
what is now the state of 
Nevada. New Mexico 
and Arizona were partly 
in this cession, and partly 
in what is known as the 
" Gadsden Purchase " 
from Mexico in 1853. 
The value of the territory 
was little suspected at 
the time ; but in 1848 
a discovery was made 
which showed that the 
United States had gained 
a prize. Gold was found, 
and in such abundance 
that it created a fever of 
emigration wherever the 
news extended. Within 
four years the population 
reached a quarter of a 
million, and San Fran- 
cisco, from a little village 
of a few insignificant 
huts, became one _ of the 
most important cities in 
the world. It is not in 
gold alone, however, that 
the wealth of the State 
consists : whatever is pro- 
duced, whether it be fruit, 
wine, wool, and even 
animals are remarkable 
for their excellence. San 
Francisco is the terminus 
of the Trans- Continental 
lines of railroads, and, 
by steamer, is connected 




The Giant Geyser. 



-with Mexico, South America, Japan, China, Australia, and 
domestic port^ & ^ _ ^ ^ ^^ ^rri- 

tory, which las set apart by the Government of the United States 



History of the United States. 91 



as a home for the various peaceable tribes of Indians ; 2. Dakota 
the original home of the Sioux Indians, and the ranging grounds of 
herds of elk, antelope, and buffalo (although they are fast dis- 
appearing) ; 3. Montana, an important gold and silver field ; 4. 
Wyoming, the principal industries of which are stock-raising 'and 

™VS m i ng ° f C ° al and g ° ld ; 5 ' New M exico, a mining region; 
6. Idaho, which is also rich in gold and silver and large deposits 
of salt, coal, and iron ; 7. Utah, remarkable as the asylum of the 
Mormons, and for its great salt lake ; 8. Arizona, which includes 
the hottest and dryest portion of the United States, but a region 
full of mineral wealth; 9. Washington Territory and 10 
Alaska. 

All these territories are being rapidly populated, and but few 
years will elapse before they, too, like Virginia and Louisiana, will 
be divided to permit some younger member of the family to join the 
brotherhood of States. Meanwhile, there are millions of acres of 
the most fertile soil on the continent, offering a home to the 
emigrant and settler, and it is not probable that another century 
will elapse before that beautiful America upon which the benedic- 
tion of Heaven has seemed to rest will be thronged with a people 
who, like the English colonists of old, have sought and found 
land teeming with milk and wild honey." 

Felix G. de Fontaine 



" a- 



92 American. Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



ESTABLISHED 



1845. 



New York Life 

INSURANCE COMPANY. 

oj ivctu iur if r^. th (( T] ^ Li j. £ Assumnce Companies Act, 1870. 

Trustees for Great Britain and Ireland. 

The Right Hon. HUGH C. E. CHILDERS M P F.R.S 
FREDERICK FRANCIS, Esq., Director London & County < U 'an R. _ 
A. H. PHILLPOTTS, Esq., Diwtor J3**A 0/ Bn'ft'sft tfortfc America. 

( T ONDON & COUNTY BANK, 21, Lombard Street, E.C. c . o , -p r 

BANKERS { BANK OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, 3, Clement's Lane, Lombard Street, E.C. 

SOLICITORS-Messrs. ASHURST, MO RRIS, CRISP & CO., 6, Old Jewry, E.C. 

LIFE "ASSURANCE ONLY. 

PURELY MUTUAL, 

J\ll Profits belong to Policy Holders, and Apportionments are made annually. 

STATEMENT for year ending December 31st, 1886:— 
ACCUMULATED FUNDS.. •• * 10 > 4 °5 uo 



SURPLUS over all Liabilities and Reserve Fund, ac-j £3 199,448 

cording to Valuation made by the Government . . j . — 

INCOME FOR YEAR £3,874,847 



mm 1 1 tt 1 * **«>* ' 



ACTUAL RESULTS. 

Policv Holders who insured with this Company m 1872 on 
15 vear Endowment Tontine Investment Plans are now 
receiving on their Matured Policies, in addition to the Insur- 
ance throughout the period, Cash Payments equivalent to a 
refund of 'all the Premiums they have paid, together with 
Compound Interest ranging from 44 to 5 per cent. 

Full particulars as to this Company's Tontine, Five Year 
Dividend, Annual Bonus, and other systems of Insurance, may 

be had on application. 

ANNUITIES ARE^GRANtW^FfAYOURABLE RATES. 

Chief Office for Great Britain and Ireland — 

76& 77, CHEAPSIDE, LONDON, E.C. 

J. FISHER SMITH, General Manager; 
From whom Prospectus, containing full information, can be obtained. 



History of the United States. 93 



POLITICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL 

FEATURES. 

The national existence of the United States dates from the 4th of 
July, 1776, when the delegates from the thirteen original States 
declared that " these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, 
free and independent States." At that time the population of the 
States which thus declared themselves to be independent of Great 
Britain was less than three millions. Their resources were limited, 
their command of ships, arms, and the munitions of war generally very 
meagre; but they were so fixed in their purpose, and so indomitable 
in their perseverance, that after eighteen important battles had been 
won with the English forces, a definitive treaty was signed at 
Versailles, by which the United States were acknowledged by Great- 
Britain to be free, sovereign, and independent. 

Since that period the United States has become one of the 
most powerful and prosperous nations on the earth. The original 
thirteen States that adopted the Constitution were : 

New Hampshire. Massachusetts. North Carolina. 

Ehode Island. Connecticut. South Carolina. 

New York. New Jersey. Georgia. 

Pennsylvania. Delaware. Virginia. 
Maryland. 

As ultimately constituted, however, the United States com- 
prise thirty-eight States and eight territories, which possessed in 
1880 a population of rather over fifty millions, and are now (1887) 
calculated to have not less than fifty-seven millions of inhabitants. 
The area of the country, excluding Alaska (a territory that con- 
tains not less than 577,390 square miles), is returned at 3,026,494 
square miles, exclusive of lakes or river surfaces bounding the 
Republic or the individual States. 

The climate of the United States is exceedingly variable, alike 
as regards temperature and rainfall. The Atlantic States have a 
temperature nearly ten degrees lower than countries in the same 
latitude in Western Europe. In California, and generally on the 
Pacific slope, the climate is genial and warm. The rainfall varies 
from 32 to 50 inches, and is pretty equally distributed not only over 
all parts of the country, but also throughout all the seasons of the 
year. 

Not less favourable are the advantages of soil possessed by the 
United States. The eastern parts of the country are specially fertile, 
although here the rich virgin land that was capable of yielding the 

E 



94 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



richest crops with the mere scratching of a hoe, or spade, or 
plough, now requires to be largely cultivated on European methods 
of husbandry. Most of the territory bordering the long and broad 
valley of the Mississippi, which embraces nearly two-fifths of the 
entire area of the United States, is prairie land of great fertility. 
The State of Texas, again, has extensive tracts of exceptionally 
fertile soil, the more elevated parts of which are specially adapted 
for grazing. Many sections, however, are sterile and desolate. Of 
such a character is the great inland basin of Utah, and a considerable 
tract on the Pacific slope. 



RESOURCES AND INDUSTRIES. 

The present Exhibition differs from nearly all others that have 
gone before. It is, to begin with, an exclusively American 
Exhibition. It is also an exclusively American Exhibition held in 
a foreign country. No other exhibition that has ever been held 
has had these two distinguishing features. Possibly no other 
exhibition, for that reason, has ever had to contend with such 
serious drawbacks and disadvantages. 

America was represented to a considerable extent at the two 
last great exhibitions held in Continental. Europe — the Vienna 
Exhibition of 1873 and the Paris Exhibition of 1878. The resources 
of the United States were illustrated still more fully at the Cen- 
tennial Exhibition of 1876. But since these exhibitions, the 
agricultural and manufacturing interests of that country have made 
enormous progress. The condition of both in 1887 is in many 
respects as different to the conditions of 1876 as the conditions of 
1876 were unlike those of mediaeval times. During this period 
old industries have in many cases doubled and even trebled 
in volume ; many industries that were scarcely established have 
assumed ponderous dimensions ; labour-saving appliances have 
been invented and perfected to such an extent as to have 
revolutionized many of the principal trades and handicrafts ; 
railway facilities have been multiplied; railway working has 
been cheapened. Eailway rates and charges have been reduced. 
More than twelve millions— a number equal to four times the 
population of London, six times the population of New York, three 
times the population of Scotland, and nearly one half the total 
population of England — have been added to the inhabitants of the 
United States in the interval. The great and fundamental industry 
of iron and steel has doubled its proportions. ■ Yankee inventiveness 
and resource have penetrated to, and commended themselves in, the 
uttermost parts of the earth. In almost every direction the expan- 
sion of material interests, of every phase of progress that can be 



History of the United States. 



95 



illustrated and brought home to the eye and the mind by an 
exhibition, has been greater by far than in any previous period m 
the history of the world. In order to enable this to be adequately 
appreciated, we have no other resource than that of using figures; 
but we venture to hope that, in the endeavour to portray, by 
the aid of statistics, so bright and hopeful a chapter of the world's 
history as American progress, we shall be able to excite an interest 

in the subject. . . 

Many of the chief exhibits at the present exhibition are illus- 
trative of the greatest industry of the United States, if not the 
greatest material interest in the world— that of agriculture. There 
is no parallel in agricultural annals to the enormous and phenome- 
nally rapid growth of America's agricultural resources. In 1850 
there were only 293 millions of acres of farm land in the United 
States ; in 1860, 407 millions ; between 1860 and 1870, the war 
interfered to prevent any progress, but in 1880 the area allotted to 
farmers had increased to 536 millions of acres. The number of 
farms in the United States increased from 1,419,073 in 1850 to 
4,008,000 in 1880 ; the value of the farms from 3,271 millions of 
dols. 'to 10,197 millions; and the value of the implements and 
machinery employed upon them, from 151 to 406 millions of dols. 

Equally remarkable has been the growth of the crops cultivated, 
which, as between 1850 and 1880, increased as shown in the follow- 
ing summary (1 - 1,000) : — 



1850. 

Bushels. 

Barley 5,167 

Buckwheat 8,956 

Indian Corn 592,071 

Oats 146,584 

Bye 14,188 

Wheat • 100,485 

Bales. 

Cotton 2,469 

lbs. 

Wool 52,516 

Tons. 

Hay 13.838 

J lbs. 

Hops - 3,497 

Bice 215,313 

Tobacco 199,752 

Bushels. 

Irish Potatoes 67,797 

Sweet Potatoes 38,268 

No. 

Horses 4,336 

Mules and Asses 559 

Working Oxen 1,700 

Milch Cows 6,385 

Other Cattle 9,693 

Sheep 21,723 

Swine 30,354 

lbs. 

Butter 313,345 

Cheese • • 105,535 



1880. 
Bushels. 

43,997 
11,817 
1,754,591 
407,858 
19,831 
459,483 
Bales. 
5,755 
lbs. 
155,681 
Tons. 
35,205 

lbs. 
26,546 
110,131 
472,661 
Bushels. 
169,458 
33,378 

No. 

10,357 

1,812 

993 

12,443 

22,488 

35,192 

47,681 

lbs. 

777,250 

27,272 



E 1 



96 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Mineral produce is one of the most prominent features of 
American industry, and, as such, cannot be neglected in a general 
notice of this kind, however superficial and incomplete. The mocb 
important mineral product of America is, of course, that of coal, 
of which about 105,000,000 of tons are now raised annually, the 
output having more than doubled within twenty years. Bituminous 
coal was mined, in the latest census years for which there are returns 
at command, in twenty-four states or territories and 335 counties, so 
that its occurrence is very generally distributed. Anthracite 
coal, which is worked to a larger extent in Pennsylvania than in 
any other state or country in the world, occurs, and is also mined, 
in two other states and in ten counties. There is no country where 
coal is raised more economically than in the United States. The 
mineral is, moreover, usually of a very excellent quality, and 
adapted for every purpose. The Pennsylvania coal is largely 
converted into coke for iron-smelting. Mr. Carnegie, in his 
" Triumphant Democracy," states that some of it is so easily 
mined that " a man and a boy can dig and load nearly thirty 
tons in ten hours." As regards price, it compares favourably with 
any European coal. Indeed, it is not too much to say that 
Pittsburg coke is the cheapest in the world. 

Next to coal, the two most important mineral products of the 
United States, at any rate as regards value, are gold and silver. Of 
these the annual value has varied considerably within recent years. 
Until 1848 the value did not exceed 10 million dols. annually. In 
1849 the production of gold and silver rose at a single bound from 
10 to 40 millions of dols. Three years later it amounted to over 
60 millions of dols. This great stride was, of course, due to the 
discoveries of gold in California. The production of silver on a large 
scale was a more recent event. Except in one year, the annual 
value of the silver produced in the United States up to 1860 never 
exceeded 150,000 dols. (£30,000.) Between that year and 1864 the 
silver mines of Nevada began to be opened up. By 1871 the annual 
product of silver was valued at 23 millions of dols. (£4,600,000.) 
Three years later, and it had mounted to over 37 millions of dols. 
(£7,400,000.) The maximum annual produce was reached in 1884, 
with a value of 49 millions of dols. (£9,800,000.) Of gold and silver 
together, the average annual produce of the United States within 
the last six years has been about 80 millions of dols. (£16,000,000.) 
The total produce of the two since 1850 has been officially valued at 
2,290 millions of dols. (460 millions stg.) 

The United States, by their admirable census reports, afford an 
opportunity of comparing the development of manufactures, as 
between one period and another, that is not to be found in any other 
country. These reports show that, alike as regards the number of 
establishments at work, the number of hands employed, the value 
of the raw materials and finished products, the amount paid in 
wages, and every other ordinary determinant of prosperity and 
progress, the United States have been making industrial history 



History of the United States. 97 



-very fast indeed. It would probably be impossible to illustrate this 
more readily and intelligibly than by comparing the two years 1870 
and 1880, as regards the principal figures, which are herewith 
presented : — 

1870. 1880. 

No. of establishments... 252,148 253,852 

Capital employed $2,118,208,769 2,790,272,606 

Amount paid in wages $ 775,584,000 947,953,000 

Value of materials $2,488,427,000 3,396,823,000 

Value of products $4,232,325,000 5,369,000,000 

would take up much more space than we are able to afford 
to enumerate the chief industries of the United States and their 
leading characteristics. The principal industry (next to agriculture 
and coal mining) is the manufacture of iron and steel, which has 
doubled in extent within the last ten years. The United States 
now produce over five millions of tons of pig-iron and two millions of 
tons of Bessemer steel per annum. Of iron and steel in its various 
forms they are expected this year to produce almost, if not quite, 
as much as the United Kingdom, whence, not more than a gene- 
ration since, they drew the bulk of their supplies of these metals. 
Of most other industries, the most recent reliable statistics go 
back to the census year 1880, and these would be too antiquated 
to quote here. But in every direction the progress has been 
(enormous, and it is, perhaps, more remarkable at the present time 
than it has ever been before. 

The development of industrial and agricultural interests, to 
which the foregoing facts and figures bear witness, has necessarily 
been induced in the highest and most primary sense by the require- 
ments that the growth of the inhabitants of the United States have 
entailed. But the development has gone very far beyond this. 
'The United States have always done something in the way of 
■exporting a surplus of their teeming agricultural wealth. They 
have, within recent years, increased this surplus at a very rapid rate. 
Their export trade is now larger than that of any country in the 
world, excepting only that of the United Kingdom. 

The trade and commerce of the United States divide themselves 
naturally into two great categories, the internal and the external. 
It will be well to bestow some consideration upon each of these 
great divisions, although they are so inter-related, and present so 
many points of contact, that in not a few relations and aspects the 
one merges into the other. 

Perhaps the best process by which to convey an idea of the 
•extent of the internal commerce of the United States is to take the 
statistics of railway transport, as between one period and another. 
In this direction, there has been marvellous progress accomplished 
within recent years. The census reports for 1880 showed that the 
total number of tons of goods traffic of all kinds carried on the 
railways of the United States as a whole was 291 millions of tons. 



98 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



This figure was a great increase on the previous year._ It was, how- 
ever, 69 millions of tons less than the quantities carried in 1882, and 
146 'millions of tons less than the quantities carried in_ 1885. 
Between 1879 and 1885, the tonnage carried on American railroads 
had increased by 60 per cent. 

It has been the same, mutatis mutandis, with^the river and 
lake traffic of the United States. Eegarding this branch of 
transport, the statistics at command are not so full as those of 
railway transport. The tonnage of vessels engaged in the home 
trade of the United States has, however, increased from 1,755,000 
tons in 1850 to 2,865,000 tons in 1886. It may be assumed that this 
represents a much more than corresponding increase of traffic, 
since the carrying power of the .vessels employed, owing to the 
greater employment of steam as a [motive power, has been largely 
increased. 

The chief item in the traffic on the railways and waterways of 
the United States is coal ; the next, grain and flour ; the third, 
lumber and other forest products ; and the fourth, iron and steel of 
different descriptions. There are no accurate details of the exact 
proportions of each carried for a later year than 1880, when the 
returns were collected from the different railways for census pur- 
poses ; but, assuming that in 1885 the proportions were approxi- 
mately the same as in 1880, they would stand in the following 
relation to the total of 437 millions of tons : 

Flour and grain, 74 millions of tons, or 17 % of the whole. 

Coal and Coke, 135 ,, ,, 31 % ,, ,, 

Lumber and^ 

other forest I 39 ,, ,, 9% >> ■»» 

products, ) 

Iron and steel | ' 17 a o/ 

products, ) 

The internal commerce of the United States is far and away the 
largest and most important of any country in the world. Naturally 
enough, therefore, it supports and requires the largest and most 
important railway system. The extent of the railways of America 
amounts at the present time to about 135,000 miles. This is seven 
times the railway mileage of the United Kingdom, France or Ger- 
many, twelve times the mileage of India, and thirteen times the 
mileage of the Dominion of Canada. The gross income of the rail- 
ways of the United States in 1885 amounted to 764 millions of 
dollars, or 173 millions sterling. The net profits amounted in the 
same year to 266 millions of dollars, or 54 millions sterling. The gross 
income was 147 per cent, greater, and the net earnings about 60 per 
cent, more than those of the railways of the United Kingdom. 

The foreign commerce of the United States has advanced 
within recent years by " leaps and bounds." There is, indeed, no 



History of the United States. 



99 



country in the world that can show such a progressive record. This 
progress is due to a combination of circumstances so favourable and 
so abiding, that they have seldom, if ever before, been found united 
in the same degree. The first of these is undoubtedly the enormous 
natural resources of the country. The United States lack in none 
of the minerals that contribute to the useful arts and manufactures, 
unless it be tin, and traces of tin have been found within a 
comparatively recent period, though the mineral is not as yet 
developed. In most of the elements of metallic wealth the United 
States are far ahead of all other countries. It would be interesting to 
see how the development of that wealth has proceeded, as compared 
with that of other countries, but meanwhile it suffices to put on 
record the fact that this natural endowment has enabled America to 
provide largely the raw materials of the manufactures, not of her 
own mills, factories and forges only, but of those of the rest of the 
world as well. 

Scarcely, if at all, subordinate in importance to her mineral 
resources, are the agricultural resources of America. No country 
can boast a greater wealth of virgin soil, a more varied and gene- 
rally salubrious climate, a greater range and variety of products, or 
a higher quality of produce under a good system of husbandry. 
Between the tropical orange groves of Florida, and the seal islands 
•of Alaska, between the perpetual summer of San Francisco and the 
severe winters of Boston and New York, between the Californian 
slopes and the ice-bound territories lying along Lake Superior and 
the St. Lawrence, there is a sufficient variety of soil, climate, pro- 
ducts, and resources of all kinds to make a nation, if ever a nation 
-could be made, absolutely independent of all external aid or barter. 

Favoured by such remarkable advantages and facilities, the 
foreign commerce of the United States has greatly increased, in 
spite of the fact that American labour is more expensive than that 
■of any other country in the world, and notwithstanding that 
American foreign commerce is largely transported in the ships of other 
■countries. The chief exports have naturally been agricultural. In 
1883, the exports were thus classified, so far as they were separately 
distinguished, as compared with 1865. 



Bread arid Breadstuff s 

Cotton, raw 

Provisions 

Mineral Oils 

Tobacco 



1865. 


1885. 


Increase in 1885 


1 = 1,000 dols. 


1 = 1,000 dols. 


1 = 1,000 dols. 


53,941 


208,040 . 


154,099 


6,836 . 


247,328 


240,492 


54,068 


109,217 . 


55,149 


16,563 


. Not specified . 


• — - 


45,308 


19,438 . 


— 



from 13| 



Between 1810 and 1885, the exports of breadstuffs increased 
millions to 208 millions of dollars, of raw cotton from 
64 millions to 217 millions of dollars, of provisions from 3 millions 
to over 156 millions of dollars, and of tobacco from 10 J- millions to 
•over 20 millions of dollars. 



100 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Under the head of "provisions," are included all manner of pork 
and beef products, dairy produce, &c. The largest item in the 
whole is bacon, the exports of which are valued at 34 millions of 
dols. per annum. The next most imporlant item is lard, which is 
annually exported to the extent of about 25 millions of dols. 
Twelve millions of dols.' worth of fresh beef is annually sent beyond 
the Atlantic, and about as much American cheese. The proportion 
of the total exports of the United States that pertains to agriculture 
has not greatly varied over the last half century. In 1820 80 per 
cent, of the total exports were agricultural ; in 1840, 82 per cent. ; 
in 1860, 81 per cent. ; in 1870, 79f per cent. ; in 1880, 83 per cent. ; 
and in 1886, 73 per cent. The relative proportion of wholly agri- 
cultural products has, therefore, been declining within recent years. 

The great aim of an exhibition like that now in progress is not, 
however, so much to illustrate the variety and excellence of the 
agricultural products of a country, as the growth of manufactures, 
and especially of manufactures more or less peculiar to the country. 

There has been no more remarkable chapter in the history of 
industry than that which deals with the growth of American manu- 
factures. Little more than twenty years ago, America imported 
a very large proportion of the industrial products which she 
consumed from Europe, including iron and steel, clothing, glass, 
liquors, furniture, &c. ; but to-day, American industry has attained 
to such* dimensions and capabilities that it is more than equal 
to meeting all the home requirements in most of its chief 
departments. Having obtained almost complete possession 
of their own markets, American industrials have been looking 
abroad for "more worlds to conquer." They have not been 
altogether unsuccessful, despite certain undoubted, and in some 
cases almost prohibitory, disqualifications. The value of the 
exports of manufactured goods from the United States was almost 
stationary between 1860 and 1870, and did not in either year come 
up to fifty millions of dollars (£10,000,000). In 1880 the figure 
was nearly double this, and in 1885 it had grown to three times the 
average of 1860-70. 

The export trade of the United States is chiefly carried on with 
European countries. Of the total exports in 1886, amounting to 
679f millions of dollars, 541^- millions of dollars, or close on 90 per 
cent, of the whole, was done with Europe, while 348-| millions of 
the total exports were sent to Great Britain and Ireland. More 
than one-half, therefore, of the total export trade of the United 
States is received by the mother country. The exports of Great 
Britain and Ireland to America in 1886 were less than they had 
been in any previous year since 1877. The imports of merchandise 
from Great Britain and Ireland were, however, relatively con- 
siderably more. The distinguishing difference between American 
trade with Great Britain and that with other countries, is that Great 
Britain receives from America more than double the value of the 
commodities she sends thither, while Germany, France, and Italy, 



History of the United States. 101 



send to America goods of considerably greater value than they 
receive from that country. On striking a balance, it appears that 
in 1886 the total imports into the United States from Europe, as a 
whole, were about 40 per cent, of the total import and export trade 
of the United States in that year ; whereas in 1877 (to go no further 
back) the imports into the United States from Europe constituted 
only 30 per cent, of the total of the import and export trade with 
Europe alone. It appears, therefore, as if the proportion of the 
total trade between America and Europe, represented by exports 
from America, was diminishing, while the proportion represented 
by imports from Europe is increasing, the latter having advanced 
from 30 to 40 per cent, of the total within the last ten years. This 
fact is, perhaps, alone sufficient to justify the important enterprise 
that has been consummated on behalf of American producers in the 

mother country. ; . 

There is a very large and important section of the American 
public which deprecates the idea of being indebted to Europe for 
any considerable parts of the commodities which enter into the 
every-day life of American citizens. So far as official figures on 
American trade go, they clearly prove that within recent years, 
whatever the reason may be, the United States have not been 
maintaining their relative position as an export country. The 
importance to American producers of bringing their -produce, 
whether raw or manufactured, under the notice of European 
consumers, becomes all the more manifest when the character 
of the trade between America and Europe is _ contrasted 
with that of the trade between America and other countries. In the 
case of European trade the balance is in favour of America, which 
exported in 1886 commodities of the value of 184 millions of dollars 
more than the imports from Europe. But in the case of all the 
other countries, the balance is against America — the British North 
American Possessions, the Central American States, Mexico, the 
West Indies, South America, China, and all other countries showing 
a balance of exports to America of considerably larger volume 
than that of the imports therefrom. This also has been an 
increasingly marked feature of American commerce. Even as 
between the years 1885 and 1886 the change has been most 
remarkable. In the former year the exports from America, as a 
whole, were 165 million of dollars in excess of the imports. In 
1886, however, they were only 44 million dollars in excess of the 
imports ; and it is a remarkable fact that the excess of exports over 
imports 'in 1886 was the smallest of any year in the commercial 
history of the United States for twenty years back, excepting only 

the year 1882. 

The value of the domestic merchandise of all kinds, exported 
from the United States to European countries in the year 1886, and 
the percentage which each country took of the total exports from 
America in that year, are shown in following statement : 



102 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Great Britain and Ireland 

Germany 

France 

Belgium 

Netherlands 

Italy 

Spain 

Russia in Europe 

Portugal 

Sweden and Norway 

Denmark 

Austria. . . 

Turkey in Europe 



1886 

Dollars. 

344,927,973 

60,923,857 

40,006,096 

22,613,399 

14,536,664 

' 13,048,846 

13,047,762 

9,705,335 

4,306,205 

2,931,317 

2,915,003 

1,950,267 

1,157,263 



Per cent of 


otal for 18S6 


51-79 


9-15 


6-01 


3-40 


2-18 


1-96 


1-96 


1-47 


•65 


•44 


•43 


•29 


•17 



It appears that Europe, as a whole, received from the United 
States in 1886 goods to the value of 533f millions of dollars, as 
compared with 755 millions of dollars in 1881. There has thus„ 
as between the two years, been a diminished trade to the 
extent of 222 millions of dollars. It is no part of our business,, 
in stating these facts, to analyse the causes of this remarkable 
decline. It is possible that close and careful examination 
would show that it was a decline in value rather than in volume , 
and that if quantities were compared with quantities the falling 
off would be comparatively trifling. It is, however, impossible 
to adopt this basis of comparison, since quantities are not in all 
cases available. The importance to America of her European trade 
is sufficiently evident from the fact that more than 80 per cent. of. 
all exports from the United States in 1886 were sent to Europe,, 
while only 5f per cent, were sent to Asia and Australasia, less than. 
5 per cent, to the British North American provinces, and less than. 
4 per cent, to South America. 

The imports of manufactured and other produce into the- 
United States are still very large, having over the last live years, 
averaged about 700 millions of dollars (140 millions sterling) per 
annum. It may, perhaps, be concluded that a nation which has so 
large an import trade is scarcely likely to be in a position to develop 
a great export business in manufactured commodities, of which, it 
need hardly be said, the imports are mainly composed. But this 
is a problem that would demand, in order to its proper solution,, 
an examination of all the main elements that make up the import, 
trade of America, and the conditions of their supply. About 16 per- 
cent, of the whole is sugar and molasses, 8 per cent, descriptions of 
woollen goods that are not made in the States, 8 per cent, again,, 
silk manufactures not indigenous to the country, 7-| per cent, coffee,, 
and when we add tea, wines, rice, and other articles of domestic 
use that are not grown or cultivated in the States, we find that- 
some one half of the imports are articles that are strictly exotics. 

A glance at the catalogue will show that, although America excels- 
in agricultural produce, and possesses unrivalled facilities for their 
successful development, yet the exhibitors who have taken advan- 
tage of the opportunity afforded for bringing their wares and produce 



History of the United States. 103 



generally within the knowledge of European consumers, are not, 
for the most part, engaged in agricultural operations Some great 
corporations and states, such as the Chicago and North- Western 
Hailway Co., and the State of Colorado make a display of agricultural 
and mineral products. But the exhibiton is mainly composed of 
exhibits which take the form of mechanical devices, either as applied 
in the form of machinery or in the form of modifications of existing 
manufacturing processes. As might be expected from a country 
with such enormous agricultural resources, a large section ot the 
exhibition is devoted to appliances that are more or less employed 
in agricultural operations, such as farm and garden tools, milling, 
mowing, and reaping machinery, harvesting machines, etc. 

The exhibitors, however, or, at any rate, a large number ot them 
have evidently made up their minds to rival the attainments ot 
Western Europe in the invention and development of articles de 
luxe which America was in the habit, until within recent years, of 
importing from continental Europe. A glance at the list of exhibi- 
tors will show that they have not been altogether unsuccessful in 
this direction, since they come forward and challenge the competi- 
tion of the mother country, in such various articles as Argosy silver, 
kid gloves, precious stones, perfumery, and terra-cotta, while they 
illustrate, among industrial processes, the manufacture of watches, 
the blowing of glass, the distillation of mineral waters, etc. _ 

Of "Yankee Notions," properly so called, the Exhibition also 
■contains a very considerable sprinkling. It is only natural that the 
home of the sewing machine should furnish further developments ot 
this most useful apparatus; and that Anconia, one of the capitals ot 
dockland, should provide the latest features of that industry. 
Among more recent developments, however, there are not a lew 
appliances used in the mechanic arts, the enumeration of which 
would largely exceed the space that can be devoted to the subject 

here 

It is evident also, from an examination of the Exhibit List, 
that in regard to general engineering of a high and responsible 
class America has been making very considerable progress, and 
means to make much more. The exhibits under this head include— 
tubular boilers, electric motors, rock drills, gas engines, brake- 
making machines, rotary piston pumps, steam generators, gas 
governors &c. Of machines on a smaller scale there is also a con- 
siderable instalment— and the process of making shoes by machinery, 
sweeping carpets by machinery, manufacturing firearms, lamps, 
fancy woollen goods, wood-working, &c, will all be more or less 
fully illustrated in the form of machinery in motion. 

Domestic appliances are represented by clothes-wrmgers, cutlery, 
household ice machines, decorating machines, fairy lights, excelsior 
lawn mowers, stores, freezing machines, embroidering machines, 
^window shades, etc. 



104 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



AMERICAN LITERATURE. 

A review of the material progress of the United States would be incomplete 
without reference to the influence that has been exerted in the department of 
literature. Fifty years ago the question was derisively asked — " Who reads an 
American book ? " Now, however, the inquiry may be as aptly made, " Who 
among the English speaking race does not read an American book ? " 

Much of this great change in public sentiment is due to the efforts of a 
single American firm, which, since its organization in 1830, has been unceasing 
in the production of works that have left their impress upon the youth of the 
country, and at the same time moulded the education of the masses. 

The history of the house of D. Appleton & Co., illustrates the fertility of 
the intellectual soil in which they were among the first to plant seed. The first 
book bearing the imprint of the firm appeared in 1831. It was a miniature 
volume of Bible texts entitled " Crumbs from the Master's Table ; or, Select 
Sentences, Doctrinal, Practical, and Experimental," and in size was only about 
three inches square and half an inch thick. Only a thousand copies were sold, 
and it is a tradition of the firm that this little venture caused more anxiety than 
The American Encyclopedia, undertaken thirty years later. English books, 
however, sold well, and were therefore made a speciality of importations, a' 
branch of the business which in four or five years led to the founding of the 
agency at 16, Little Britain, which continues to be the London branch of the 
house. 

Works of a religious character have been and continue to be among the 
best known productions of the firm, and few other houses can now show such 
an array of names of leading Divines on their list of authors. " Cruden's. 
Concordance," the critical writings of Dr. Cowles, Archbishop Trench, and Dr. 
Boardman, Canon Farrar's "Critical History of Free Thought," and Dr. 
Cunningham Geikie's "Life and Words of Christ," these are a few of the 
representatives that indicate the quality of the publications that have been 
made under this head. 

On the death of Mr. Daniel Appleton, the firm was reorganized with 
William H. Appleton at the head, and his brothers John A. and Daniel Sidney 
Appleton as associate partners. So proud was the founder of the business at 
the great success even then established, that he desired his name to be retained 
in the firm as long as possible, and his son promised never to sign a cheque or 
note without the name "Daniel" written in full, and the promise has been 
faithfully kept to the present day. Early achievements paved the way to> 
larger and more costly ventures, and the co-operation of the most eminent 
authors was enlisted. The works of America's great novelist, James Fennimore 
Cooper, the poetical writings of William Cullen Bryant, and the historical works 
of George Bancroft, were early secured, and following these came reprints of 
foreign books, numerous editions of all the British poets from Chaucer down, 
the novels of Sir Walter Scott, Disraeli, Charles Dickens, Charles Beade, Grace 
Aguilar, Louise Muhlbach, and others, many of which have enjoyed enormous- 
sales. When " Lothair " was suggested, it was doubtful whether a thousand 
copies would be sold, but it was finally agreed to print two thousand. What 
was the astonishment of the publishers when orders came pouring in, which in 
the aggregate called for eighty thousand copies ! Of American books, " Sewards 
Travels Around the World," Dana's " Household Book of Poetry," and 
Gen. Sherman's " Memoirs," have been the most popular. 

It is in the educational department, however, that the Appletons challenge 
comparison, because out of the department of general literature have grown 
special departments which, in magnitude and completeness, have no counter- 
parts in any similar establishment. The first text-book published by the firm 
was " Webster's Speller," a book that has had a larger sale than any other in 
the world, except the Bible. One million copies a year have been produced for 
over a quarter of a century, and one press is kept running every working day in 
the year, and year after year, on this one book. Following " The Speller" came 



American Literature. 



105 



a series of readers, geographies, histories, elementary and higher-class books 
in the sciences and classics, with exquisite illustrations on which many- 
hundreds of thousands of dollars have been expended, medical and legal works, 
and books in French, German, Italian, Spanish, Portuguese, Latin, Greek, 
Hebrew and Syriac. The whole number of books issued in this educational 
department is at the present time nearly four hundred. 

The greatest literary undertaking ever attempted in America was begun by 
this firm in 1857. It is now known wherever the English language is spoken 
as " Appleton's American Cyclopaedia," and is an exhaustive and authoritative 
compendium of all that is valuable in science, history and biography. The 
work was issued in sixteen volumes, at a cost of $30,000 per volume. Since 
then an "Annual Cyclopaedia " has beeen issued, which gives an authentic 
record of the events which occur from year to year. Next in importance to 
these publications are scientific books, which alone entitle the Appleton firm to 
a place in the highest rank of publishers. These consist of the works of Huxley, 
Lubbock, Lecky, Darwin, Lyell, Bain, Tyndall, Maudsley, Hinton, Bastian, 
Eoscoe, Simpson, Proctor, Bagehot, Mill, Carpenter, and many others, and to 
their credit it must be said that every volume reprinted by the Appletons has 
been paid for by them the same as if the authors had been Americans. Of 
Spencer's works nearly 70,000 copies have been sold in the United States. 
"Picturesque America," " Picturesque Europe," " The Art Journal," "Turner 
Gallery," "Homes of America," " Poet and Painter," and other richly illustrated 
volumes belong to this series of publications, and it is safe to allege that their 
equals have not been produced anywhere in the world. 

The facilities for the publication of these immense editions require one of 
the largest and most perfectly-appointed printing and binding establishments 
in the world. The whole number of employes in the factory, which is located 
about three miles from the New York business department, is about 600. The 
bindery alone is 250ft. long and five storeys high. The press room contains from 
sixty to seventy presses. A restaurant on the premises furnishes the meals^ at 
bare cost ; two sick benefit organizations exist ; and an excellent circulating 
library and religious mission are provided for the intellectual and moral improve- 
ment of the little colony of workers. 

The city establishment is one of the handsomest edifices in New York, but 

it is only a question of time when even it will outgrow its present large capacity, 

and force the firm to do as has been done several times in the past fifty years, 

namely adapt itself to the increasing demands of the public for the educational 

and general literature that emanates from this ever-flowing fount. 

J. S. Jeans. 



Is a delightfully soothing and emollient 
preparation for the skin and complexion ; it 

REMOVES SUNBURN, 

tan, freckles, roughness and redness of the 
skin, soothes insect stings, irritation, and 
all other cutaneous affections, renders the 
skin soft, smooth, and delicate, and pro- 
duces a beautifully-fair and 

DELICATE COMPLEXION. 

Ladies cannot do without it who value their 
complexion. 

Bottles, 4/6 and 8/6; half-sized bottles, 2j3. 

ASK ANYWHERE FOR 

ROWLANDS' KALYDOR. 




106 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



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108 



American Exhibitioji Official Catalogue. 



A CONDENSED LIST 



OF 



PHARMACEUTICAL PREPARATIONS 



INTRODUCED BY 



BURROUGHS, WELLCOME & CO. 



ANTIPYRIN TABLOIDS. 

The new Antipyretic (a chinolin derivative). 

EUCALYPTINE. EUCALYPTIA (Burroughs). 
Powerfully antiseptic. For strains, sprains, bruises, 
scalds, lameness, &c. 

ZYMINE (Extractum Pancreatis) (Fairchild). 

For predigesting foods of all kinds, for Invalids and 
Infants. 

ZYMINE TABLOIDS. 

Prescribed in Intestinal Dyspepsia. 

COMPOUND ZYMINE TABLOIDS. 

Prescribed in Bilious Dyspepsia. 

PEPSIN IN SCALES (Fairchild). 
One grain digests 1,000 grains of egg albumen. 

PEPSIN TABLOIDS. 

For Gastric Dyspepsia. Children like them as sweets. 

IPEPTONISING POWDERS (Fairchild). 
One of these predigests a pint of milk in a few 
minutes. 

ARTIFICIAL SPONGES AND WOUND PADS. 

ntiseptic or plain. One of them will absorb fifteen 
times its weight of water or blood. 

TEST TABLETS. 

For freshly preparing Fehling's Solution. 

PURE TEREBENE (Burroughs). The Original. 
The new remedy for Winter Cough and Flatulence. 

TRYPSIN (Fairchild). 
For dissolving away the membrane in Diphtheria. 
A pancreatic digestive ferment. 

URETHANE TABLOIDS. 

The new Hypnotic. (A salt of Carabamic Acid). 

BEEF AND IRON WINE. 

"Especially desirable for delicate patients who can- 
not retain ordinary foods."— Medical Press and 
Circular. 

DIALYSED IRON (Wyeth). 

" I consider the Wyeth Iron the best, and always 
prescribe it."— Mr. Thos. Bryant, F.H.C.S. 

HYDROBROM CAFFEINE (Bishop). 
(Granular Effervescent.) 
For headache in excessively nervous patients. 

VOICE "TABLOIDS." 

(Cocaine, Chlorate of Potash and Borax). 
Cocaine relieves irritation and dryness of the throat. 

TRADE "TABLETS" MARK. 

(Compressed Chlorate of Potash.) 
Beautiful Lenticular Discs. (Prepared by the 
"Wyeth" process.) "Infinitely superior to 
lozenges." — Dr. Lennox Browne. 

LANOLINE (Liebreicn). 
The best basis for ointments. Lanoline Soap, Cold 
Cream, and Pomade. 



TRINITRINE TABLOIDS. 

Discovered by Dr. Murrell to relieve Angina 
Pectoris. 

TRINITRINE COMP. TABLOIDS. 

(Nitro-Glycerine, Nitrate of Amyl, Capsicum, 
Menthol). 
Prescribed for Fatty Heart, and at the onset of an 
Epileptic Aura, but especially for Angina Pec- 
toris. 

STROPHANTHUS (Tincture and Tabloids). 
A cardiac tonic ; it does not constringe the arterioles. 

VALOID FLUID EXTRACTS. 

Equivalent fluid extracts of definite strength, for 
the immediate preparation of Tinctures, Syrups, 
Infusions, &c. 

HYPODERMIC TABLOIDS. 

"They are very soluble, and not at all irritating."— 
The Lancet. 

HAZELINE. 

(Distillate of Witch Hazel.) 

Anodyne, Sedative, Antiseptic, Haemostatic, and 
Tonic. 

BURROUGHS' CHLORIDE OF AMMONIA INHALER. 

(Vereker's Patent.) 

" It is the best I have used, and I think I have tried 
all."— A'. Franks, Dublin Unicersity. 

MEDICAL POCKET CASES. 

The best, most convenient, durable and economical. 

COMPLETE HYPODERMIC POCKET CASES. 

For Syringe, Needles, Tubes of Hypodermic Tab- 
loids, &c. 

ELIXOIDS. 

They effectually disguise every unpleasant quality 
and are most elegant and \ alatable i rei arations 

ABSORBENT COTTON (Lawton). 

" Beautifully soft, readily absorbent, and free from 
chemicals."— The Lancet. 

CITRATE OF CAFFEINE (Bishop). 
(Granular Effervescent.) 
For cephalagia and all forms of headache (not 
congestive). 

THE KEPLER EXTRACT OF MALT. 

" It is the best known and most largely used Extrac 
of Malt."— The Lancet. 

THE KEPLER SOLUTION OF COD LIVER OIL IN 
EXTRACT OF MALT. 

" An ideal form for administration-of fat."— British 
Medical Journal. 

MENTHOL PLASTER. 

Is purely medicinal, and affords physicians a per- 
manent means of maintaining the continuation 
of one of the most valuable remedies in the 
Pharmacopoeia. 



Complete Descriptive Lists sent on application. 



SNOW HILL BUILDINGS, LONDON, E.C. 



Classification. 



109 



American Exhibition 

LONDON, 1887. 



CLASSIFICATION. 



£LASS. 



t. 

2. 
3. 

4. 

5. 



6. 

1. 



S. 
9. 



10. 



Department I. 
AGRICULTURE. 



Arboriculture and Forest Pro- 
ducts. 

Pomology. 

Agricultural Products. 

Land Animals. 

Marine Animals, Fish Culture 
and apparatus. 



Animal Products. 
Alimentary Products. 



Textile Substances of Vegetable 
or Animal origin. 

Machines, Implements, and Pro- 
cesses of Manufacture. 



Agricultural Administration. 



Ornamental Woods, Timber, Dye-woods, 
Barks, Gums, Resins, Mosses, Seeds. 

Fruits, Nuts. 

Cereals, Vegetables, Roots, Tobacco, Hops 
and Seeds. 

Cows, Sheep, Horses, Swine, Poultry, &c. 
Wild animals. 

Fishes, Oysters, Clams, Shells, Corals. 
Whalebone, Fish-glue, Isinglass, Fish-oil. 
Fishing apparatus. 
Fish culture. 

Hides, Leather, Bone, Horn, Glue, Wax, 
Feathers, Hair, Bristles. 

Milk and Cream, Butter, Cheese, Eggs, 
Honey, Sugar and Syrups. Wines and 
Malt Liquors. Bread, etc. Vegetable 
Oils. 

Preserved Meats, Fruits and Vegetables, and 
Extracts. 

Cotton, Hemp, Jute, Flax, Wool, Cocoons and 
Raw Silk. 

Spades, Hoes, Rakes, Shovels, Plows, 

Harrows, etc., 
Corn-planters, Drills, Cradles, Reapers. 
Mowers, Hay-loaders. 
Thrashers, Hullers, Corn-shellers. 
Feed-cutters, Mills, etc. 
Incubators. 
Churns, Cheese-presses, etc. 

Laying out Farms. 

Clearing (Stump Extractors), Drainage. 
Gates. 
Fertilizers. 

Road-making and Excavating Apparatus. 
Models of Farm Buildings, Cocooneries, 
Aviaries, Dairies. 



110 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS. 
11. 

12. 



Department II.— MINING AND METALLURGY. 



13. 



14. 



15. 



L6. 



17. 



18. 



19. 



20. 



21. 



22. 



Minerals, Ore, Stones. 
Metallurgical products. 



Including Artificial Stones and Cements. 

Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Antimony. 

Nickel, etc. 
Alloys. 



Department III.— MACHINERY. 



Machines, Tools and Apparatus 
of Mining, Metallurgy, and 
the extractive arts. 

Machines and Tools for working 
Metal, Wood and Stone. 



Machines and Implements for 
Spinning, Weaving, etc. 

Machines, Apparatus, etc., used 
in making Clothing and Orna- 
mental Objects. 

Machines and Apparatus for 
Type-setting, Printing, Stamp- 
ing, and Paper-working. 

Motors and Apparatus for 
Generation and Transmission 
of Power. 



Machines and Apparatus for the 
Production and Application 
of Electricity. 



Hydraulic and Pneumatic Appa- 
ratus. 



Eailway plant, Rolling Stock 
and apparatus. 

Aerial, Pneumatic and Water 
Transportation. 



Drill, Borers, Coal-cutters, Hoisting Ma- 
chinery, Crushers, Stamps, Concentrators, 
Gas Machines, etc. 

Planing, Sawing, Grooving, Drilling, Slotting, 
Boring, Mortising, Cutting, Moulding and 
Carving Machines, Lathes, Rolling Mills, 
Blowers, Anvils, Forges, Emery Wheels, 
Drills, Taps, Dies, etc. 

Brick, Pottery and Tile Machines. 

Machines for the manufacture of Silk, Cot- 
ton, Woollen, India-rubba and Paper 
Goods, etc. 

Sewing and Knitting Machines. 
Machines for making Boots and Shoes, 
Jewellery, Buttons, Pins, Needles, etc. 

Printing Presses, Type-writing Machines. 
Printers' Furniture, Types, etc. 
Paper and Card-cutting Machines. 

Boilers and Steam or Gas-generating Appara- 
tus for motive purposes. Water-wheels, 
Windmills. 

Steam, Air, Gas, and Water Engines. 

Shafting, Belting, Cables, etc. 

Steam Gauges, etc. 

Voltaic-Electric, Thermo-Electric, Magneto- 
Electric and Dynamo-Electric Apparatus, 
Motors, Accumulators, Conductors, Con- 
duits, Insulating materials, Joints and 
Connections, Alarms, Telegraphs, Tele- 
phones, Electrical Illumination, Electro- 
Plating, etc. 

Pumps. Air Compressors. 
Blowers, Hydraulic Jacks, 

Elevators, Fire Engines 

tinguishing Apparatus, 

Fire Escapes. 
Stop Valves, Cocks, Pipes. 
Ice Machines. 



Rams, Presses, 
and Fire Ex- 
Hose, Ladders. 



Locomotives, Cars, Weeels, Brakes, Coup 

lers, Ties, Switches, Frogs, etc., etc. 
Street Railway Cars. 

Pneumatic Railways and Dispatch Boats, 
Life Rafts, etc. Steering Apparatus. 



Classification. 



Ill 



Department IV.— MANUFACTURES. 



25. 

26. 

27. 

28. 



29. 



30. 



■31. 



32. 



34. 



35. 



36. 



37. 



Chemical preparations. 



Ceramics. 

Furniture and Decorative ob- 
jects ; Art Metal Work. 



Heating, Cooking and Laundry 
Apparatus and objects of gen- 
eral use in construction and 
in buildings. 



Yarns and Woven Goods. 



Silks and Silk Fabrics. 



Clothing, Jewellery, Ornaments. 
Travelling equipments. 



Paper, Stationery, &c. 



Weapons, ancient and modern. 



Medical and Surgical Apparatus. 



Hardware, Edge Tools, [Cutlery, 
&c. 



Manufactures of Vegetable, 
Animal, or Mineral Materials. 



Carriages, Vehicles and Acces- 
sories. 



Acids, Alkalies, Salts, Oils, Soaps, Paints, 
Essences, Perfumery, Cosmetics, Explosive 
and Fulminating Compounds. 

Pottery, Porcelain, Glass, Bricks, Terra-cotta, 
Tiles. 

Furniture, Table Furniture, Glass, China, 
Silver Plate and Plated Ware, Mirrors, 
Picture Frames, Gas Fixtures, Lamps, &c. 

Stoves, Eanges, Steam Heating Appliances, 
Radiators, Manglers, Wringers, Ironing 
Machines, Kitchen utensils, Sanitary ap- 
pliances, Manufactured parts of buildings, 
&c. Galvanized Iron Work, Metal Hollow- 
ware. 

Cotton Yarns and Cloths. 
Woollen Yarns and Cloths. 
Linen Yarns and Cloths. 
Blankets, Shawls. 
Oil Cloths, Carpets, Felts. 

Spun Silk, Woven Silks, Ribbons, &c. 
Bindings, Braids, Upholsterers' Trimmings, 
&c. 

Clothing of all kinds, Boots and Shoes. Hats, 
Caps, and Gloves. Millinery, Embroideries, 
Artificial Flowers, Trimmings, Pins, Hooks 
and Eyes, Fans, Umbrellas, Canes, Pipes, 
Toys and fancy articles. Jewellery, Trunks, 
Valises, &c. 

Stationery. Blank Books. 
Writing, Wrapping, Printing and Wall Papers, 
Cards, Cardboard. 

Firearms and Ammunition. 
Sporting Apparatus. 

Surgical and Dental Instruments and Ap- 
pliances. Pharmaceutical Apparatus. 

Hand Tools and Instruments. Hardware used 

in construction. 
Plumbers' and Gasfitters' Hardware. 
Ships' Hardware. 

India-rubber Goods and Manufactures. 
Brushes, Ropes and Cordage. 
Wooden and Willow-ware. 

Coaches, Velocipedes, Bicycles, Baby Car- 
riages, Wagons, Carts, Trucks, Sleighs, 
&c. 

Carriage and Horse Furniture— Harness and 
Saddlery, Whips, Spurs, &c. 



112 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS. 



40. 

41. 

42. 



43. 
44. 



Department V— EDUCATION AND SCIENCE. 



Educational Appliances and Ap- 
paratus. Printed Books, &c. 



Institutions and Organizations. 

Scientific and Philosophical In- 
struments. 



Musical Instruments. 
Engineering and Architecture. 



School Furniture, Maps, Charts, &c. 
School Books, General Literature, Newspapers 
and. Periodicals. 



Instruments of Precision and Apparatus of 
Physical Kesearch and Experiment. 

Astronomical Instruments. 

Nautical Instruments. 

Surveying Instruments. 

Aeronautical Instruments. 

Thermometers and Barometers. 

Indicating and Eegistering Apparatus. 

Gas and Water Meters, Logs, Calculating. 
Machines. 

Weights and Measures, Scales, Balances. 

Clocks and Watches. 

Optical Instruments, Lenses and Prisms. 

Microscopes and Telescopes. 

Photographic Apparatus. 

Pianos, Organs, Band and Orchestra Instru*- 
ments, &c. 





Department VI.— FINE ARTS. 


46. 


Sculpture. 




47. 


Drawing. 




48. 


Painting. 




49. 


Engraving. 




50. 


Photography and Lithography. 






BURNET LANDRETH, 




Director in the United States, 


R. M. 


SMITH, 




Chief of Installation. 





Agriculture. 113 



Department I. 



AGRICULTURE. 

CLASS I. 

ARBOEICULTURE AND FOREST PRODUCTS. 

Ornamental Woods, Timber, Dye-woods, Barks, Gums, Resins, 

Mosses, Seeds. 



Col. 
Location 

1. The Chicago and North-Western Railway, Chicago, 111. B 5 

Various Woods and Timbers, for building and other purposes. 

2. State Of Rhode Island, Mark H. Wood, Comr., Barrington B & 

Centre, R.I. 

Specimens of each Native Wood and Shrub. 
Photographs of each Native Tree. 
Preserved Foliage and Seeds of Trees. 

3. New York Boat Oar Co. Agents, J. Gardner & Sons, B 35 

Bootle, Liverpool, and West India Docks, London. 

Two Panels, showing various descriptions of Faney Woods. 

4. Jos. A. Brokel & Co., New York. C 19 

Scented Woods. 

5. State of Colorado. Noel May, Comr., Denver, Colorado. B 5, 6, 7 
Specimens of Native Woods. 

SANGSTER & CO. S 

UMBRELLAS, PARASOLS, 

EN TOUT CAS & WALKING STICKS. 

American Tourists and Continental Visitors to the American Exhibition are 
invited to inspect Sangster's choice assortment of the above articles, in the 
Latest Designs and Fashions, at Moderate Prices. 

140, REGENT STREET. 75, CHEAPSIDE. 
10, ROYAL EXCHANGE. 94, FLEET STREET. 

N.B.— SIX PRIZE MEDALS. MAKERS TO THE QUEEN. 




114 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE GORDON 



Recording Anemometer & Pressure Gauge. 



£0 



HO 
o 

■I— I 

ft 




13 

O 
03 



03 

02 



The Gordon Anemometer indicates on a dial, and, at the same time 
records on a chart, the force or pressure of wind currents with the greatest 
accuracy. It registers the exact force and duration of every wind, from a 
gentle breeze to the most violent hurricane. It shows the length of interval 
"between each blast of wind, and enables the officer to see at a glance whether a 
storm is increasing or abating. It will register the pressure on a ship during 
the whole voyage, from shore to shore, and enable a captain to lay before his 
■owners an authentic statement of the weather through which he has passed, 
with the exact time when each variation occurred. 



FURTHER PARTICULARS MAY BE OBTAINED FROM 

THE GORDON RECORDING ANEMOMETER COMPANY, 

Winchester House, Old Broad Street, London, E.O. 

THE " PREMIER " RAZOR-STROPPING MACHINE. 

Dr. Andrew Wilson, Editor of "Health," says: — "I 

used to be somewhat elated over my razor-stropping 

powers, but pride will have a fall, and since I have tried 

Mr. Gordon's machine I confess to hiding my diminished 

head in this matter of keeping razors in trim. Tested in 

every way, on razors keen and razors blunt, the machine 

is perfection. There is no trouble, science 

or skill involved in its use. You merely fix 

your razor in the holder, edge downwards, 

turn a handle merrily for a few seconds, 

and behold, the weapon is as keen — well, 

let us say, as a razor should be." 




PRICES: 

25s. plain ; £2 2s. silver-plated. 

Delivered free to any address on receipt of 
remittance. 



J. GORDON, Winchester House, Old Broad Street, London, E.C. 



Agriculture. 



CLASS II. 

POMOLOGY. 

Fruits, Nuts. 



115. 



CLASS III. 

AGBICULTUBAL PEODUCTS. 

Cereals, Vegetables, Hoots, Tobacco, Hops and Seeds. 



51. The Chicago and North-Western Railway, Chicago, 

ill. 

Tobacco, Broom-Corn, and Cereals. 

52. New York Produce Exchange— Flour Inspection 

Department represented by Janvier Le Due, Chairman 
of Department, New York. 

Samples of Flour from Wheat and Eye and products, or 
Indian Corn, showing " standard grades." 

53. Allen and Ginter, Richmond, Virginia, and 55, Holborn 

Viaduct, London, E.C. 

Allen and Ginter's Cigarettes and Smoking Tobacco. 

54. Spratt's Patent (America) Ld., 239 to 245, East 58th 

Street, New York, and Henry Street, Bermondsey, London, 
S.E. 
Grains and Seeds of all kinds. 

55. Northern Pacific Railway Co., New York. 

Agricultural Products. 

56. Kinney Tobacco Co. 

Cigarettes, Tobaccos and Cigars. 

57. W. L. Kimball and Co., Rochester, N.Y. 

Cigarettes, Tobaccos and Cigars. 

58. W. Atlee Burpee and Co., Philadelphia, Pa. ; 133 : 
Cannon StreelpLondon, E. 



Col. 
Location.. 



B5 



B 60^ 



C 65 



B6S 



C5 
B55 
B55 

In 

Gardens 



Seeds. 



T WL \£N I^XSX £*&0tt\ 






\ THE QUEEN" MA S PERSONALLY INSPECTED THE DESIGN 

>— ^PRICB-LIST&CATALOGUES 
>co«mEtiDy& <f <f vjr <#>i \ &J0 









SEE 
PRESS 
REVIEWS 



J.N. MASTERS 



LOYALIST -JEWELLER • RYE-SUSSEX 



116 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 




ESTABLISHED 



Agriculture. 117 



CLASS IV. 
LAND ANIMALS. 

Cows, Sheep, Horses, Swine, Poultry, &c. Wild Animals. 



Col. 
Location. 



76. Franklyn W. Smith, St. Augustine, Fla. 'Agent, F. P. Hill. D 8' 

Stuffed Alligators, Snakes and Birds. 



CLASS V. 

MARINE ANIMALS, FISH CULTURE AND APPARATUS. 

Fishes, Oysters, Clams, Shells, Corals. Whalebone, Fish-Glue, 
Isinglass, Fish-Oil. Fishing Apparatus. Fish Culture. 



101. A. J. Peat, 677, North Broad Street, Philadelphia, Pa. C 12 

Alligators, Florida Sea Beans, Shells, Marine Curiosities, 
and Manufactures thereof. 

102. Russia Cement Co., Gloucester, Mass., and 46, Holborn B 51 

Viaduct, London, E.C. 

Le Page's Liquid Fish-Glues. 

Le Page's Liquid Belting-Cement. 

Le Page's Gold Medal Mucilage. 

103. I. and M. Cohen, 53, Houndsditch, London, E.C. A 16 

Sponges. 



A. LINNEY, 

HOSIER & SHIRT MAKER. 

, .mm............... .....».'■«• "'""" 

SPECIALITIES IN GMYE& JSCWYEjS, AND 

UNDERCLOTHING. 

SOLE MAKER OF LINNETS PATENT RIDING SHIRT. 

99,REGEnFstS LONDON, W.- 

N.B, Terms moderate. Large Discount for Cash, 



118 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS VI. 

ANIMAL PEODUCTS. 

Hides, Leather, Bone, Horn, Glue, Wax, Feathers, Hair, Bristles. 



126. Baugh & Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Glues, and various Bone Products. 

.126. J. Ullmann, 165, Mercer Street, New York, and 3, Edmund 
Place, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C. 

Furs, Skins, and Manufactured Furs. 

.127. Knight and Co., 19, Sixth Street, San Francisco, Cal., and 
100, St. John's Eoad, Hoxton, London, N. 

Patent Behave Gum, Cement and Glue. 



Col. 
Location. 

B36 



B 9 



A 57 



CLASS VII. 

ALIMENTAEY PEODUCTS. 

:Milk and Cream, Butter, Cheese, Eggs, Honey, Sugar and Syrups. 
Wines and Malt Liquors. Bread, &c. Vegetable Oils. Preserved 
Meats, Fruits and Vegetables, and Extracts. 



"151. Reeves, Parvin & Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 
Canned Tomatoes of the Quinton brand. 

152. Firm of John Matthews, New York. 

Soda Water and Syrups. 

153. Moxie Nerve Food Co. (Freman & Fletcher), 51, 

East Twelfth Street, New York. 

Liquid Temperance Beverage and Nerve Food combined. 

154. Winslow Packing Company, Portland, M. 

Canned Goods. 



B65 

C24 
B67 

B59 



HAMM 

The Two Leading Lines. 

The CARLM I or ;o -b 0re . 

'The new Model/with Triplex Safety. 
Price ™ - £20 

The PHANTOM. £ J£~ 

12-bore weighing only 4|-lbs., with- 
out a rival for a hot or hilly country 




S GUNS. 




WATSON Bros, 4, PALL MALL, LONDON. 

By Appointment to H.I.M. the Sultan of Turkey. 



Agriculture. 



119 



Col. 
Location. 



155. C. P. MattOCk, Portland, Me. B 59 

Canned Goods. 

156. Libby, McNeil & Libby, Chicago, 111. Agents, Henry B 66 

A. Lane & Co., 15, Philpot Lane, London, E.C. 

Canned Meats. 
Preserved Meats. 
Preserved Foods in Tins. 

157. E, C. Hazard & Co., 87, 89 & 91, Hudson Street, New B 56' 

York. 

Shrewsbury Tomato Ketchup, a condiment for the table. 
It is made only from ripe tomatoes, that by careful 
cultivation have been brought to a high degree oE 
perfection. The peculiar processes to which it is sub- 
jected in manufacture, together with the chemically 
pure component parts, constitute this delicate relish. 

158. Hiram Ricker & Sons, Poland Spring, South Poland, Me. C 34 

Poland Water. 

159. Gordon & DilWOrth, 563 and 565, G-reenard Street, New B 61 

York. 

Preserved Fruits and Vegetables in Glass and Tin, inclu- 
ding Sauces, Syrups, Soups, Jams, Jellies, Sweet 
Pickles, and other table delicacies. 

160. Fairbank Canning Co., Union Stock Yards, Chicago, 111. B 66 

Canned Beef, Mutton, Tongues, &c. 

161 The Bergner and Engel Brewing Co., Philadelphia, B 69 

Pa. 

Lager Beer, Ales and Porter. 

162. Walter Baker & Co., 158, State Street, Boston, Mass. B 63 

Chocolate and Cocoa Preparations. 

163 The Armour Canning Co., Chicago ; The Armour B 65 

Packing Co., Kansas City ; and Sun Wharf, 2, Tooley 
Street, London, S.E. 

Compressed Corned Beef, Brawn, Ox Tongues, Lunch 

Tongues, Minced Steak and Collops, Potted Ham, 

Tongue, Soups, &c, &c. 

American Visitors and others are invited to inspect the NEW PATENT 
NATURAL CARBONIC ACID GAS MACHINE, NEW LAGER BEER ENGINE, 

and other Bar and Cellar Appliances. 

FARROW & JACKSON, 

8, HAYMARKET, S.W., & 16, GREAT TOWER STREET, E.C. 



120 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location 

164. The Johnston Fluid Beef Company. Agent, John L. . c 71 

Johnston, 10, Trinity Square, Tower Hill, London, E.C. 

Johnston's Fluid Beef or Bo-vril. 
Bo-vril Lozenges. 
Bo-vril Lozenges (peptonised). 
Bo-vril Cream Lozenges. 
Bo-vril and Iron Lozenges. 
Johnston's Peptonised Fluid Beef. 
Johnston's Beef Iron and Wine. 
Johnston's Beef Flour. 
Johnston's Beef Flour (peptonised). 
Johnston's Beef Flour Soup. 

165. American Wine Company, St. Louis, Mo. ; Agents b 68 

Rodwell & Co., 22, Basinghall Street, London, E.C. 
Sparkling Catawba Champagne and other Wines. 

166. W. H. Ussher, Carrolton Avenue, New Orleans, La. B 57 

Banana Liqueur, made from the juice of the Banana. 

167. Hygeia Sparkling Distilled Water Co., 351-353, West B 30 

Twelfth Street, New York. Agent, N. E. Cottman, 18, St. 
Oswald's Boad, Fulham, London, S.W. 

Distilled Water, 

168. Messrs. Burton and Co., 20, Bucklersbury, London, E.C. B 64 

The Arcadian Mineral Spring Water. 
The Waukesha Anti-Diabetic Water. 

169. Spratt's Patent (America) Limited. Office: Henry b 68 

Street, Bermondsey, London, S.E. Factory: 239-245, East 
Fifty-sixth Street, New York. 

Ship Biscuits of all kinds. 

Extra Fine Cabin Biscuits, for Yacht and Table use. 

Patent Meat Fibrine Vegetable Dog Cakes (with Beetroot). 

,, Cod-Liver Oil Dog Cakes. 

„ Fish and Meat Fibrine Dog Cakes (with Beetroot) 

,, Poultry Meal. ; 

} , Game Meal. 
Whole Meal Biscuits. 

Forage Biscuits, for Cavalry and Hunting purposes 
Foal Food. 

Various Dog, Poultry and Game Foods. 
Various Horse and Cattle Foods. 



SIE JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewel lery Manufactur er, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

GOLD KEYLESS MINUTE CHRONOGRAPH, of the highest on a 1?f v fin? e v,^ 

throughout in the best possible style. Elegant fa i^S^S^S^^SS^Si 

timekeeper. This Watch registers the minutes, seconds, and fifths oil Second iKSS, /■%? 

GOLD KEYLESS CHRONOMETER of the highest ^itV^dinfted fS 



Agriculture. 121 

Col. 
Location. 

170. Atmospheric Churn Co. (Woolf and Co.), Washington C 39 

Avenue, St. Louis, Mo. ; and 119, New Bond Street, London, W. 
American Fruit Syrups. 

171. Dunham and Wood. A 64 

Prepared Cocoa Nut. 

171. Cibils Beef Company, New York B 58 

Fluid and Solid Beef. 

172. J. M. Andreae, Brockton, Mass] D 36 

Confectionery. 

173. Bozrah Mineral Spring Co., Northwich, Conn. A 63 

Natural Mineral Waters. 

174. N. Kilvert & Sons, New York. B 59 

Lard. 

175. Louis Tachau and Co., Louisville, Ky., and 63, London B 68 

Street, Fitzroy Square, London, W. 
Maple Sugar, Syrup and Candy. 



CLASS VIII. 

TEXTILE SUBSTANCES OF VEGETABLE 
OE ANIMAL OBIGIN. 

Cotton, Hemp, Jute, Flax, Wool, Cocoons and Eaw Silk. 



201. The Women's Silk Cultural Association, 1,222 Arch D 15 

Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Baw Silk in Jars. 



ZE3Z. PEAT <&c CO., 

Safcblere anfc Tbarnees flDafcers 

TO H.R.H THE PRINCE OF WALES, 

173, PICCADILLY, LONDON, 

N.B. — Saddlery and Harness for America and the 

Colonies. 



122 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE CHARING CROSS BANK 



(REGISTERED), 

28, BEDFORD STREET, STRAND, LONDON. 



ADVANCES IMMEDIATELY MADE 

Upon Approved Promissory Notes, as follows, without deductions : — 
Advance, £25, twelve monthly repayments of £2 5 10 
jj 5°> ?j >j ?5 4 11 8 

» IOO > » >> „ 934 

Larger amounts in the same proportion. 

ADVANCES of £30 to £2,000 granted at a few hours' notice, in 
town or country, male or -female, on mortgage of furniture, horses, 
carriages, pictures, billiard tables, jewels, books, plate, linen, trade and 
farm stock, plant, crops, etc., without removal, and to assist persons 
into business. Also on deeds, policies, and reversions at 5 per cent, 
lor one month to 14 years. Distance no object. Easy repayments. 
Strictly private. Call (personally) or write. 

NOTICE. — Before applying elsewhere, or paying fees, ask any 
solicitor, auctioneer, etc., in England and Wales knowing this Bank,, 
and you will at once find out you are treating with an old-established 
(1870), safe and bond fide Bank. If you cannot get money here you 
cannot get it anywhere. Having- large capital, we do business at lower 
interest than any public or private office in London. No good advance 
ever refused. 

■»»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦»♦♦♦♦♦♦♦♦»♦♦.♦»»»♦♦»♦♦■< 

THE CHARING CROSS BANK 

(Established 1870), 

28, BEDFORD STREET, STRAND, LONDON, 

Offers special facilities for all requiring banking accounts, as no 
charges are made for keeping accounts or clearing country cheques- 
Four per cent, allowed on the minimum monthly balances. 

Deposits of £10 and upwards received at 5 per cent, per annum,, 
subject to one month's notice of withdrawal. 

Subject to three months' notice of withdrawal, 6 per cent. 

Subject to six months' notice of withdrawal, 7 per cent. 

Interest paid monthly, quarterly, or as agreed. 

For prospectus write or apply. 

A. WILLIAMS, Manager, 



Agriculture. 123 



CLASS IX. 

MACHINES, IMPLEMENTS, AND PEOCESSES 

OF MANUFACTUEE. 

Spades, Hoes, Rakes, Shovels, Plows, Harrows, &c. Corn-planters, 
Drills, Cradles, Reapers. Mowers, Hay-loaders. Thrashers, 
Hullers, Corn-shellers, Feed-cutters, Mills, &c. Incubators. 
Churns, Cheese-presses, &c. 



Col. 
Location. 

226. Walter A. Wood Mowing and Reaping Machine C 64 

Co. Hoosick Falls, Rensselaer Co., N.Y. 

One-horse Grass Mower. 

Two-horse Grass Mower, with Tilling-bar. 

Light Enclosed Gear Self-delivery Reaper. 

Light Harvester and Binder (Twine). 

Low Elevator, Harvester and Binder (Twine). 

Straw Harvester and Binder. 

'227. Samuel Fisk, 10, Barclay Street, New York. C 51 

Cane Shredder. 

228. Lloyd and Supplee Hardware Co., 625, Market A 45 

Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Pennsylvania Lawn Mower (English pattern). 

City Lawn Mower. 

Great American Meat Cutter and Chopper. 

:229. The Johnston Harvester Co., Batavia, New York. C 68 

Harvesting Machines — 

One " Continental " Harvester and Binder. 

One Light Steel Frame Harvester and Binder. 

One Continental Reaper. 

One No. 7 Combined Reaper and Mower. 

One Mayflower Mower (Two-horse). 

One Mayflower Mower (One-horse). 

One Harrow and Seeder. 

One Pulveriser. 

One Horse Hay Rake. 



Americans requiring Harness and Saddlery would do well to visit the old- 
established Pirm of 

ZPIE-A.T <Sc CO., 

Saddlers to the Royal Family, 

173, PICCADILLY, 

"Where every description of Saddlery and Harness suitable for America is 

manufactured. 
Some of the best Harness to be seen in New York, Boston, and other 
cities in the United States, has been supplied by Messrs. Peat. The 
authoress of " Ladies on Horseback," and " Riding for Ladies," recom- 
mends all ladies who wish for a good Saddle to go to Peat 



124 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Col. 
Location 

230. Enterprise Manufacturing Co. of Pennsylvania, C 30 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

Patented Hardware Specialities, comprising the following : 
Enterprise Meat Choppers. 
Coffee, Spice, and Drug Mills. 
Bone, Shell and Corn Mills. 
Smoked Beef Shavers. 
Sausage Stuffers and Lard Presses. 
Fruit, Wine, and Drug Presses. 
Vegetable Slicer. 
Cherry Stoner. 
Measuring Faucets. 
Tobacco, Boot and Herb Cutters. 
Bung-hole Borers. 

231. Duanett H. Nash, successsor to Nash and Brothers, Milling- C 60 

ton, Morris Co., New Jersey. 
Acme Pulverising Harrow, Clod Crusher, and Leveller. 

232. Firm of John Matthews, New York. D 32 

Soda Water Fountains and Apparatus. 

233. Withington & Cooley Manufacturing Co., Jackson, C 63 

Mich. 

Farm and Garden Tools, or Hand Agricultural Implements, 
consisting of — 

Forks (Hay and Manure). 

Hoes. 

Bakes (Garden and Lawn). 

Scythe Snaths. 

Grain Cradles. 

Wheelbarrows. 

234. Chadborn & Coldwell Manufacturing Company, C 68 

Newburgh, New York. 

Lawn Mowers for hand or horse-power ; Excelsior Grain 
Drills. 

235. Batcheller & Sons Co., Wallingford, Vt. C 30 

Hay Forks. 
Manure Forks. 
Spading Forks. 

236. Hiram Holt & Co., East Wilton, Franklin Co., C 30 

Me. 
" Lightning " Hay Knives. 



SIE JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty, 

GOLD KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, with fly-back seconds hand, f-plate half- 
chronometer, jewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-carat hunting, half-hunting, or crystal 
glass cases. Specially made for hunting and rough wear. £20, £25, £30 to £50. 
These Watches register the seconds and fifths of a second. 



THOMAS & SONS' 

IMPROVED 

"KNICKERBOCKER BREECHE; 

FOE ^AT-A-XjIKZIICTG- OIEL ZE^IIDIIISra-. 

Vide "THE FIELD,' 

ig, 1884 : — J 

" The object has been tii 
bine the looseness and fr{ 
of knickerbockers at and; 
the knee with the fit of Br 
below it, and the result a! 
to us entirely satisfactory, 

CAN BE WORN WITH LEG; 
OR STOCKINGS. 

Patterns and Self-Measu 
Forms forwarded on applicc 

HUNTING, RACING, and ; 
BREECHES, perfect i: % 
and fit. 

THOMAS & SONS' celei 
WATERPROOF TW T ( | 
and choice SCOTCH # 1 \ 
HOMESPUNS, for Fishi 
Shooting Suits. 
Orders receive prompt atteni 

THOMAS & SONS, Sporting and Military Tailors and Breeches Mi 

48, SOUTH MOLTON STREET, W. I 




TELEPHONE, 3674. 



W 



& 




c 



THE OLD-ESTABLISHED 



£y 






K0I1 mb ftost %otu J$tastmj 

153^. ZR/ZEGKEILTT STREET, i 

AND f 

BLENHEIM YARD, BLENHEIM STREET, BOND STREET, W. j 

VALUABLE JOIB HORSES^ 

Well-appointed Carriages of every description, 
Respectable Coachmen, in Livery. 

PRIVATE FOUR-HORSE COACH 

For Races, &c. 
OMNIB USES AND WAGGONETTE B REAKS. 
N.B.— Orders by Post should be addressed to 153a, Regent Str$4 



THE 



AMERICAN EXHIBITION 

of tbe Rrts, Inventions, Manufactures, Products & Resources 

of tbe United States of Rrnerica, 

Opens at Earls Court, Kensington, London, (Eng.), AVaV 9 17 ! 1 1887 

Closes, Oct. 31. 1887. 








^°(> f 



L I L l_ 1 



BEVEN 8NTB*nCE6. 
TOTAL AREA OF BUILD NG6 ***> OHOUKO 



SCALE OF FE& 



CwiriiJjf.tCUitlui 3S.<MJrtTj'4W' ,orfleldi £C 






;8> 



Agriculture. 125 

Col. 
Location 

23 /. Bickford & Huffman, Macadow, Mayne Co., N.Y. C 66 

One plain Grain Drill, " Farmers' Favourite " for sowing 
Grains and Grass Seeds. 

One Fertilizer Drill, " Farmers' Favourite," with Wizard 
Fertilizer Attachment, for sowing Grains and Grass Seeds, 
and at the same time fertilizing the ground planted. 

3. J. S. & G. F. Simpson, Brooklyn, E.D., N.Y. Agents, C 59 
Cunningham, Shaw & Co., 21, Water St., Liverpool. 

The Original Bogardus Patent Universal Eccentric Mills, 

with patented improvements. 
One No. 5 Mill, with Guide Pulley Attachments. 
One No. 2 Mill, with Counter Shaft. 
One No. 2 Mill, with Bevel Gearing. 
One No. 3 Mill, with Counter Shaft. 
One No. 6 Mill, for Hand or Steam Power. 

5,?9. J. B. Stoner, New York. Agent, W. E. Dell and Son, 26, C 60 

Mark Lane, London, E.C. 

One bushel Automatic Wheat Weighing Machine. 

One Automatic Flour Scale to weigh one sack of 2801bs. 

One Automatic Wheat Weighing Machine for Warehouse. 

One Automatic Wheat Conveyor. 

One Improved Exhaust Elevator. 

One Improved Exhaust Fan. 

One Sack Holder. 

240. Jno. T. Noye Manufacturing Co., Buffalo, N.Y. c 60 

Agents, W. R. Dell and Son, 26, Mark Lane, London, E.G. 
One 9 x 18ft. Double Stevens' Patent Roller Mill. 

241. Barnard and Leas Manufacturing Co., Moiine, 111. G 60 

Agent, W. R. Dell and Son, 26, Mark Lane, London, E.C. 

One No. 2 Barnard's Dustless Separator. 

One No. 1 Victor Smutter. 

One No. 1 Victor Brush. 

One No. Barnard's Horizontal Smutter. 

242. Geo. T. Smith Middlings Purifier Co., Jackson, C 60 

Mich. Agents, W. R. Dell & Son, 26, Mark Lane, London, 
E.C. 

One No. G. T. Smith Middlings Purifier. 
One No. 3 G. T. Smith Scalper. 
One No. 3 G. T. Smith Centrifugal. 
One No. 3 G. T. Smith Inter-Elevator Bolt. 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER KEYLESS f-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER, in strong crystal glass 

ease, jewelled throughout. This Watch is specially made for rough wear and all variations 
cf temperature. £8, £10, £12, £15. 

SILVER HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING f-PLATE KEYLESS LEVER, in stou* 

silver case, chronometer balance, jewelled throughout. A thoroughly reliable Watch. £6, 
£7, £8, £10. 

F 



126 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



243. Howes and Ewell, Silver Creek, N.Y., and 64, Mark 

Lane, London, E.C. 
One No. 5 " Eureka " Warehouse and Elevator Separator 

with large capacity. 
One No. 5 " Eureka " Close Scouring and Separating 

Machine. 
One No. 2 " Eureka" Zigzag Oat and Cockle Separator. 
One No. 00 "Eureka" Vertical Smut and Separating 

Machine. 
One No. 3 " Eureka " Horizontal Smut and Separating 

Machine. 
One No. 3 "Eureka" Vertical Brush Finishing and 

Polishing Machine. 
One No. 1 "Eureka" Automatic Magnetic Separator. 
One " Eureka Silver Creek " Flour Packer. 
One " Excelsior " Upright Iron Clad Bran Duster. 
One "Excelsior" Horizontal Iron Clad Bran Duster. 
One No. 2 " Silver Creek " Centrifugal Flour Dresser. 
One " Campbell " Winnowing Machine. 
One " Backus Champion " Water Motor. 
One " Sandwich Veteran" Corn-Sheller. 
One Wheat- Washing Machine. 
One Dust Catcher. 
One " Little Giant " Double Turbine. 

244. Kilburne and Jacobs Manufacturing Co., Columbus, 

Ohio. 

Excavating Machinery. 
The Columbus Solid Steel Scraper. 
The K. and J. Wheel Scraper. 
Railway Barrows. 

245. Williams Bros., ithoca, N.Y. 

Model Horse Rakes. 



Col. 
Location. 

C 56 



C67 



C67 



246. Prof. Compton, New York. 
Stump Extractor. 



C38 



CLASS X. 

AGEICULTURAL ADMINISTRATION. 

Laying out Farms. Clearing (Stump Extractors), Drainage. Gates. 
Fertilizers, Road-making and Excavating Apparatus. Models 
of Farm Buildings. Cocooneries, Aviaries, Dairies. 



276. Baugh and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. B 36 

Bone Black Fertilizers. 

277. Spratt's Patent (America) Ld., 239 and 245, East B 68 

Fifty-sixth Street, New York, and Henry Street, Bermond- 
sey, London, S.E. 

Houses and Appliances for Dogs and Poultry. 

278. Collins and Thomson, New York. A 8 

Farm Production. 



Metallurgy. 127 



Department II. 



MINING AND METALLURGY. 



CLASS XI. 

MINEKALS, OKE, STONES, 

Including Artificial Stones and Cements. 



Col. 
Location. 

301. The International Terra - Cotta Lumber Co., A 32 

(0. C. Gilman, Pres.), 115, Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111., 
Cook Co. 

Samples of Porous Earthenware. 

A Fireproofing and Building Material, and 

Machines used in their Manufacture. 

302. Prof. A. E. Foote, M.D., 1,223, Belmont Avenue, C9&A6 

Philadelphia, Pa. 

Pare Mineral specimens for Cabinets. 

Systematic Collections of Minerals and Geological speci- 
mens for Colleges, Schools, and Students. 

303. State of Rhode Island, Mark H. Wood, Comr., B 7 

Barrington Centre, R.I. 

Germs of all Native Products, Minerals, Ores, Stones, etc. 

304. The Chicago and North - Western Railway, B 5 

Chicago, 111. 

Iron Ore, Tin Ore, Coals, Building Stone, Bricks and 
Soils. 

MINERALS & SCIENTIFIC BOOKS. 

Prof. A. E. FOOTE, of PHILADELPHIA, 

Has selected from over 150 tons of material (the largest 
stock of the kind in the world) 11 tons and about 25,000 
specimens, that he now offers for sale at the "MICA 
PAYILI0N," opposite the West Brompton Entrance. 
Many of these, such as Wulfenite, Amazon Stone, and 
other rare species, are the finest ever seen. A Lapidary- 
is constantly employed here. Illustrated Catalogue of 
100 pages, 6d. (to Customers free). 

BOOKS. — From his stock of over 75,000 has been se- 
lected 3,000 vols., including the most complete set of 
American Geological Surveys ever seen in Europe, 
WANT ED-CHOICE I COLLECTIONS OF MINERALS OR BOOKS. 

Fl 




BrpokiCe, 
T^unccitedl- 

'A.£.f OOTE. 



128 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location 

305. Edwin W. Streeter, 18, New Bond Street, London, W. Q \Q 

Models of all the Great Diamonds of the World, as 

follows : — 

Dresden Green (two) Pigott 

Star of South Africa Great Mogul 

(rough) Porter Ehodes (rough ; two) 

Nassac (two) Star of the South (cut) 

Victoria (rough) Pasha of Egypt 

Kajah of Mattam Cumberland 

Koh-i-Nur (first cutting) Pitt 

do. (second cutting) Eugenie 

Dresden Drop (two) Shah II. 

Shah Blue Drop 

Sancy (two) Stewart (rough) 

Nizam (rough) Table of Shah 

The Koh-i-Nur of the Shah Two Brillolettes of the Em- 
Star of the South (rough) press Eugenie 

Jean Ghir Shah Nizam (cut) 

Bussian Bed Polar Star (two) 

Persian Koh-i-Nur Dresden Dror> (rough) 
Orloff 

Star of South Africa (cut) dea wings. 

The Great Table Diamond Hope's Brunswick Blue 
Stewart (two) Diamond 

Napoleon Tavernier's Blue Diamond 

Hope's Blue The Primrose (three) 

Tiffany The Tiffany (four) 

Primrose The Black Diamond 
Florentine 

306. Atmospheric Churn Co. (Woolf and Co.), Washington C 39> 

Avenue, St. Louis, Mo., and 119, New Bond Street, 
London, W. 

Indestructible Patent Granite. 

307. Holt, Childs, and Brotherton, Leadenhall Buildings, B 6 

London, E.C. 

American Minerals. 

308. Pennsylvania State Mineral Exhibit, Philadelphia. A 5 

Minerals. 

309. Northern Pacific Railway Co., New York. C 6 

Minerals. 

310. State of Colorado. Noel May, Comr., Denver, Colorado. B 5 6 7 

Minerals, Ores, Stones, etc. 

311. Seven Thirty Mines, Georgetown, Colorado. b 7 

Specimens of Ores. 



CLASS XII. 
METALLURGICAL PRODUCTS. 

Gold, Silver, Copper, Lead, Zinc, Antimony, Nickel, &c. Alloys. 

326. The Chicago and North-Western Railway, Chicago, b 5 

111. 

Copper. 

327 State of Colorado. Noel May, Comr., Denver, Colorado, B 5 6 7 
Metallurgical Products. 






Machinery. 129 



Department III 



MACHINERY. 



CLASS XIII. 



MACHINES, TOOLS AND APPAEATUS OF MINING, 
" METALLURGY, AND THE EXTRACTIVE ARTS. 

Drill Borers, Coal Cutters, Hoisting Machinery, Crushers, Stamps, 
Concentrators. Gas Machines, &c. 



Col. 
Location, 

350. Clarke & Wellington, New Rochelle, New York. c 33 

Ingersoll Rock Drills. 

351. John Robert Alsing, 27, Leadenhall Street, London, E.C 

(care of Messrs. Alsing & Co.) C 58 

Dry and Wet Pulverizer and Mixing Cylinder. 



CLASS XIV. 



MACHINES AND TOOLS FOR WORKING METAL, WOOD 

AND STONE. 

Planing, Sawing, Grooving, Drilling, Slotting, Boring, Mortising, 
Cutting, Moulding and Carving Machines, Lathes, Rolling Mills, 
Blowers, Anvils, Forges, Emery Wheels, Drills, Taps, Dies, &c. 
Brick, Pottery and Tile Machines. 



376. Berlin Machine Works, Berlin, U.S.A. C 57 

Three Sand-papering Machines. 

One Single Drum Machine, for sand-papering or polishing 

bent as well as straight stock. 
One Double Drum Sand-papering or Polishing Machine, 

for polishing straight stock of all kinds. 

One Economist Polishing and Planing Machine combined. 

This Machine embodies all features in second 

machine mentioned, but, in addition, has a planer 

which planes all stock to a thickness before it 

reaches polishing drums. 



130 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



ELECTRIC LIGHTING. 

THETH0MS0N HOUSTON SYSTEM 

The only perfect and automatic system of Electric 
Lighting in the World. ■ 

This EXHIBITION is LIGHTED THROUGHOUT 

On the Thomson-Houston System, by 

LAING WHARTON & DOWN, 

SOLE AGENTS AND OPERATORS IN ENGLAND. 



INSTALLATIONS mover 200 CITIES & TOWNS 
in various parts of the world. 

The lights are superior in colour and steadiness, and the entire 
apparatus is more economical, efficient, and safe, more easily managed 
and less liable to derangement than any other. 

HIGHEST AWARDS wherever exhibited. 

Correspondence is solicited with active, energetic men, capable of 
interesting capital and organizing local companies. 

LAING WHARTON & DOWN 

Have carried out some of the best Incandescent Installations in the 
World, and references can be given to Nobility and Gentry, also 
leading Engineers, Architects, and others. 



Those contemplating the rise of the 
ELECTBIC LIGHT 

Should, before deciding upon any other System, communicate with the 
HEAD OFFICES, 

8 & 9 5 HOLBORN VIADUCT, 

London, England, 

Or apply at the Office in the Engine-room adjoining Sixth Street and Washington 
Avenue, where we have on vieio a specimen Installation, comprising an apartment 
furnished in the most artistic style and lit with the Electric Light decorated with 

our Special Fittings and Electroliers. 



Machinery . 131 



Col 

Location 

377. Chambers Brothers and Co., 52nd Street, below Lancas- c 60 

ter Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. 

A Clay Tempering Brick Machine. 

Expressing the tempered clay in a continuous bar, 
sanding it, and cutting it into brick lengths by an 
automatic device under the control of the issuing clay 
bar. The clay is fed directly to the machine, as taken 
from the bank or pit, without previous handling or 
preparation. 

An Artificial Brick Dryer. 

For receiving tempered clay bricks directly from 
the brick-making machine, and drying them within a 
few hours, ready for setting in the kiln. 

378. Morse Twist, Drill and Machine Co., New Bedford, c 51 

Mass. Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Road, 
London. E. 

Patent Straight Lip Increase Twist Drills. 

Straightway Drills and Sockets. 

Solid and Shell Reamers. 

Milling Cutters. 

Screw Plates, Dies and Taps. 

Beach's and Stetson's Patent Drill Chucks. 

Drill Grinders, etc. 

379. Pratt and Whitney Machine Co., Hartford, Conn. c 51 

Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Road, London, E. 

Bolt Screwing Machines, for hand and power. 

Stocks and Dies. 

Hand and Machine Taps. 

Patent Lathe Chucks, etc. 

380. Oneida Steam Engine Co., Oneida, n.y. C 51 

Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Road, London, E. 

Little Giant Drill Chucks. 
Westcott's Lathe Chucks. 

381. Cushman Chuck Co., Hartford, Conn. q 51 

Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Road, London, E. 
Lathe and Drill Chucks of various kinds. 

382. E. Horton and Son Co., Windsor Locks, N.Y. C 51 

Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Road, London, E. 

Patent Lathe Chucks, Ordinary and Combination. 
Milling Machine Chucks. 



SIE JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER KEYLESS f-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER, in strong crystal glass 
ease, jewelled throughout. This Watch is specially made for rough wear and all variations 
cf temperature. £8, £10, £12, £15. 

SILVER HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING f-PLATE KcYLESS LEVER, in stow* 

r lv % c r se ' chronometer balance, jewelled throughout. A thoroughly reliable Watch, 1% 



132 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 









/:/ 



& 




INDIAN 

CASHMERE 

[from; 

Is. 6d. PER YARD. 

INDIAN SILKS 
15s. 9d. PER PIECE. 

GAUZES, etc., 
EASTERN DYES in 

RARE and 
ARTISTIC 
COLOURS. 
BROCADES, 

SATINS, 
VELVETEENS, 
etc. 



PATTERNS 
AND PRICE LIST 

POST FREE. 



DESIGNS 

AND PRICES FREE 

on 

APPLICATION, 

and which] 

MAY BE KEPT. 



CHILDREN'S 

SMOCKS FROM 

22s. 6d., 

in 

INDIAN CASHMERE 

LADIES' 

COSTUMES ; 

in 
LLAMA WOOL, 

from 
4| GUINEAS. 

PERFECT 
FIT GUARANTEED. 



A. STEPHENS & CO., 

INDIAN SILK MERCHANTS, 

326, REGENT ST., W. (near the Langham Hotel). 



Machinery. 133 



Col. 
Location.. 

383. Detroit Emery Wheel Co.. Norwich, Conn. A 53 

Emery Wheels, Knife Sharpeners, &c. 

384. Warwick & Stanger, New York. A 53 

Scroll Sawing Machines. 

385. John G. Leffingwell, Newark, N.J. C 55 

Wood-Cutting Machine. 

386. Miller's Falls Co., New York. Agents, Buck and C 51 

Hickman, Whitechapel Eoad, London, E. 

Barber's Braces, Breast Drills, Hand Drills, &c. 

387. Seneca Falls Manufacturing Co., Seneca Falls, N.Y, D 60' 

Agents, Chas. Churchill and Co., 21, Cross Street. 
Fret Sawing Machines. 



CLASS XV. 



MACHINES AND IMPLEMENTS FOE SPINNING, 

WEAVING, &c. 

Machines for the Manufacture of Silk, Cotton, Woollen, India-rubber 
and Paper Goods, &c. 



401. Fernando B. Smith, 180, East Fourth Street, Canton, C 27 

Ohio. 

Fabric Tufters. 

402. D. E. Keating Providence, E.I. C 52 

Weaving Machines. 

403 Crompton Loom Works, Worcester, Mass. Agent, C 52 
D. E. Keating, Mount Pleasant, E.I., and Huddersfield, 
Yorkshire . 

Machinery for Weaving Carpets and other Fabrics. 

H.P.TRUEFlTT,Ltd.,13&14,01dBondSt. 

(Extending to Burlington Arcade.) 

HAIRDRESSERS, PERFUMERS, AND ORNAMENTAL 
HAIR MANUFACTURERS. 

CAUTION TO STRANGERS. 

This Firm (Established 1819) has NO CONNECTION with another HOUSE 

of SAME NAME in SAME STREET. 



134 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS XVI. 

MACHINES, APPAEATUS, &c, USED IN MAKING 
CLOTHING AND OENAMENTAL OBJECTS. 

Sewing and Knitting Machines. Machines for making Boots and 
b>. Shoes, Jewellery, Buttons, Pins, Needles, &c. 



Col. 
Location 

426. The Duplex Shoe Trimmer Co., 118, South Street, C 50 

Boston, Mass. 

This machine embraces a stand which carries at each 
end heel-trimming, sole-trimming, and shank-trimming 
cutters. These cutters are arranged in relation to 
each other upon each side of the machine, so that the 
shank and heel of the boot or shoe can be trimmed in 
successive order without change in the position of the 
operation in relation to the cutters. The cutters upon 
the right-hand side of the machine permit of a right- 
hand presentation of the work, and those on the left- 
hand side of a left-hand presentation of the work, 
enabling one operator to use each side of the machine 
successively, or two operators simultaneously present 
two boots or shoes. The cutters are also duplex, and 
are adapted to be alternately used at each end of 
their respective shafts. The guides, guages, and guards 
governing the presentation of the boot or shoe to the 
cutters, and the safety of the operators, involve many 
novel features. The machine has the capacity of 
three or four machines as now constructed. 

427. C. J. Bailey & Co., 132, Pearl Street, Boston, Mass. B 32 

Pansy Sewing Machine. 

428. Owen Lloyd Williams, Athens, Ga. C 56 

Steam Feather Renovator. 

A machine for extracting the fatty animal substance 
from the quills of new feathers, also for removing 
all bad odours, dust, dirt, vermin, and other foreign 
matter from old feathers, thoroughly disinfecting same, 
and imparting to them new vitality and elasticity. 

Capacity, l,0001bs. per day. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS op BATH 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Unrivalled in Europe for luxury, Bath being the only spa in whicn every 
bathing appliance has been adopted. Thermal- vapour, massage, douche, 
atomized water, etc. Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous Debility, Sciatica, and 
all forms of skin affections cured. The Pump Rooms and Reading Room 
adjoin the Springs, and a select band plays daily. 

Bath, is two-and-a-quarter hours from London by 

Great "Western Railway. 

Letters addressed to the Baths Committee of the Corporation will receive 

every attention. 



Machinery . 135 



*o 



Col. 
Location. 



429. Florence Machine Co., Florence, Mass. C 30 

Sewing Machines. 



430. C. W. Fields & Co., Wanseon, Ohio. C 49 

Hand Embroidering Machines. 

For making Rugs, Mittens, Hoods, Tidies, etc., 
as well as Carpets and Mats, and using all classes 
of threads, such as Rags, Yarns, Zephyrs, and Silks. 

The machines require but little skill to operate ; 
they take the stitch automatically and regularly, and 
are very easy to work. The exhibit also consists of 
sample work, and also designs which are stamped on 
suitable material for the machines to operate upon. 

431. The New Home Sewing Machine Co., 30, Union B 47 

Square, New York. Agent, Henry Webster, 40 and 41, 
Chippenham Terrace, Harrow Road, London, W. 
Sewing Machines. 

432. The Singer Manufacturing Company. Head office : C 47 

34, Union Square, New York. Management for the United 
Kingdom : 39, Foster Lane, London, E.C. 

Sewing machines for all classes of sewing, for embroider- 
ing and for making button-holes. Showing the various 
systems of driving sewing machines by hand, by 
treadle, and by steam, gas, or other motive power. 

433. Domestic Sewing Machine Company of New C 49 

York, 15, St. Bride Street, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 

Sewing Machines. 

Special features. — Light running, quiet, durable, 
and very simple and easy to learn and work. Needles 
self-setting, tensions self-adjusting, shuttles entirely 
self- threading, bobbins of very large size. Loose 
pulley and automatic bobbin-winder. Powerful feed 
tables, with extension leaves and castors on stands. 
Belt adjuster to driving wheel. All working parts of 
machines made with adjustable conical bearings, case- 
hardened. 

The exhibit includes several new style hand sewing 
machines, with fancy bases and covers, and stands for 
same to work by foot. Special family high-arm 
treadle sewing machines, with fancy tables, covers 
and drawers in ash, walnut and mahogany bent wood. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS of BATH. 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Bath was a walled city in Roman times, with a large population in surrounding villas. 
The first King of England was crowned in Bath Abbey, whilst, in later times, Lord 
Chatham was its M.P. Bath has been the temporary residence of many English 
Kings and Queens, as also those of foreign countries — also Herschel, Quin, Sheridan, 
the Kembles, and Mrs. Siddons; Pope, Fielding, and Miss Austen; Beckford, 
Macaulay, and Landor in later years. Bath, in the 18th century, was the nursery of 
the Drama and Music. A large number of emigrants left the shores of Somerset and 
Dorset in the 17th century for the " Plantations," and American visitors will not fail 
to recognise the familiar names of Governors and Senators on the tombs in the Abbey 
Church. 

BATH IS TWO-AND-A-QUARTER HOURS FROM LONDON by G. W. Ry. 



136 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



A new desk cabinet sewing machine, in fancy walnut. 
Special large -arm manufacturing machines for 
tailoring purposes, corsets, upholsterers, dress and 
mantle makers, shirt and collar manufacturers, etc., 
to run at high speed by power. 

434. Wheeler and Wilson Manufacturing Co., Bridge- 

port, Conn., and 21, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 

Sewing machines and appurtenances and samples of work. 
Four sewing machines fitted for steam power, in- 
cluding bench and steam appliances as used in 
manufactories. 

435. Julius L. Tourton, 566, Orange Street, Newark, N.J. , and 

Palace Bazaar, Oxford Circus, and 40, Great Castle Street, 
Oxford Street, London, W. 

Tourton's Patent American Dress, Cuff, Eyeglass, and 
Watch Suspenders, Adjusters, and Fasteners. 

Tourton's Copyrighted American "E Pluribus Unum " 
Case, for the pocket, for postage stamps, etc. 

American "OK" Taylor Dress Cutting Charts. 

American Sewing Embroidery Machine, with attachment 
and specimens of work of special American design. 

436. Davis Vertical Feed Sewing Machine Co., Water- 

town, N.Y., and 24, Aldersgate Street, London, E.C. 

Light-running Sewing Machines, with vertical feed, for 
domestic and manufacturing purposes. 

437. Uria Kuster, 95, N. 7th Street, Brooklyn, E.D. Agents, 

Jardine and Norway, 17, Great George Street, London, S.W. 

Embroidering Machinery. 

438. Acme Buttonhole Attachment Co., Philadelphia. 

Sewing Machine Attachments. 

439. Post Sewing Machine Co., Washington, D.c 

Sewing Machine. 

440. H. Bomstein, Boston, Mass. 

Pin Hook Machines. 



Col. 
Location. 



C 47 



C17 



C46 



C 50 

C47 

C39 
C13 




SAMPSON & Co. 

Sole Makers of the 

SURPLICE 
SHIRT. 

SIX for 45s. 

4 Detailed Price List & Patterns 
sent on application. 

268, 270, OXFORD ST. 

LO N DON . 

Facing Hanover Square Gates. 




Machinery. 137 



CLASS XVII. 

MACHINES AND APPARATUS FOR TYPE - SETTING, 
PRINTING, STAMPING AND PAPER-WORKING. 

Printing Presses, Type-writing Machines, Printers' Furniture, Types, &c. 

Paper and Card-cutting Machines. 



Col. 

Location. 

451. Thome Machine Company, Hartford, Conn., care C 52 

Colt's Armoury. 

Type- Setting and Distributing Machinery. 

452. The MacKellar, Smiths & Jordan Co., 606 to 614, B 46 

Sansom Street, Philadelphia. 

Printing Types, Brass Rule, and Borders of Type Metal 
and Brass, and a Book of Specimens of Printing Types, 
and every requisite for typographical uses and adorn- 
ment, of our own production. 

453. R. H. Smith & Co., Springfield, Mass. Agent, M. Lindner, C 45 

170, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 

Metal-bodied Rubber-faced Types and Accessories for 
Hand-printing, Seal Presses and Manufacturers' 
Appliances. 

454. The Columbia Type-writer Co., New York. Sole C 45 

Wholesale Agents for the Eastern Hemisphere, N. J. 
Richardson & Co., 11, Poultry, and 24, Queen Victoria 
Street, London, E.C. 

Type-Writers, Music-Writers. 

No. 1 "Columbia" Type-writer, prints upper case 
only ; size 9X6X4, weight 3 lbs.— £3 3s. 

No. 2 Improved "Columbia" Type-writer, prints 
upper and lower case ; size 9X6X4, weight 3£ lbs. 
Price complete, in mahogany case, £6 6s. 

" Columbia " Music-writer, writes all styles of music ; 
size 4i X 2J X 2J, weight 8 oz. Price complete, 
in leather case, £2 2s. 

"Swiftsure" noiseless commercial key bar Type- 
writer, prints upper and lower case ; size 9X9X5, 
weight 7 lbs. Price, in mahogany case, £10 10s. 

" Swiftsure " Type-writer. Noiseless key bar 
machine, size 9X9X5, weight 7 lbs. Complete, in 
mahogany case, lock and handle, £10 10s. 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and JeweUery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

GENTLEMEN'S GOLD KEYLESS CLOCK WATCHES, of the highest quality, 
striking en passant the hours and quarters, also repeating the hours, quarters, and minutes, 
with perpetual calendar, showing the day of the week, the day of the month, the month and 
phases of the moon ; and also with fly-back seconds chronograph movement tor racing, 
engineering, and other purposes. From £i75« 



138 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

455. Hall Type-Writer Co., 200, Derby Street, Salem, Mass. C 45 

The " Hall " Type-writer. 

456. Wyekoff, Seamens & Benedict, 100, Gracechur'eh St., B 48 

London, E.C. 

Various styles of the Eemington Standard Type-writer. 

New patent Type-writer Drop Cabinet, Patent Type- 
writer attachments and accessories, various grades of 
American hand-made linen papers for use with the 
Type- writer, and other Type-writer requisites. 

457. The Hammond Type-writer Co., 77, Nassau Street, c 45. 

New York. 

The Hammond Type-writer. 

This machine is a key-board Type-writer, having 
its characters arranged on a double row of piano keys, 
semi-circular in form, which may be manipulated 
by both hands with equal facility and precision. 
There are 92 characters, comprising capitals, small 
letters, figures, stops, &c ; and a speed may be 
attained of from 70 to 100 words per minute, with the 
perfection of alignment and an absolute uniformity of 
impression. The types are interchangeable, their 
being various styles of English type, both Roman and 
Italic, as well as French, German, &c. The paper, 
which may be of any length or width, is vertical, and 
the work easily read by the operator ; while the inking 
is obtained by means of inked ribbon wound upon re- 
movable spools, and may be supplied for both copying 
and non-copying purposes. The machine is portable, 
weighing but 151bs. 

458. E. L. Miller, Philadelphia, Pa. Agent, M. P. McCoy, 7, B 46" 

Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 
Paragon Paper Cutting Machire. 

459. E. L. Megill, Duane Street, New York. Agent, M. P. B 46' 

McCoy, 7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 

Adjustable Steel Guage Pins, Spring Tongue Guage Pins, 
Extension Feed Guides, for Printers' use. 

460. M. P. McCoy, 7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. B 46' 

A Model American Princing Office, showing American 
Printing Machines, Materials, Tools, and special equip- 
ment ; and exhibiting American methods in Printing. 

HOT MINERAL BATHS of BATH 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

■ Unrivalled in Europe for luxury, Bath being the only spa in which every 

bathing appliance has been adopted. Thermal-vapour, massage, douche,. 

atomized water, etc. Bheumatism, Gout, Nervous Debility, Sciatica, and 

all forms of skin affections cured. The Pump Booms and Beading Eoom 

adjoin the Springs, and a select band plays daily. 

Bath is two-and-a-quarter hours from London by 

Great "Western Bail-way. 

Letters addressed to the Baths Committee of the Corporation will receive 

every attention. 



Machinery . 



139 



461. 



462. 



463. 
464. 
465. 
466. 



Golding & !Co., Boston, U.S.A. Agent, M, P. McCoy, 
7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 

The " Golding Jobber " Printing Machine. 

The " Pearl " Printing Machine. 

The " Official" Printing Machine. 

The " Little Giant " Rule and Lead Cutter. 

The " Golding " Tablet Press. 

Miscellaneous Printing Tools, and Printers' Appliances. 

The Autocopyist Company, 3, Thomas Street, New 
York, and 72, London Wall, London, E.C. 

The " Black Autocopyist." 

An apparatus for the reproduction of documents, 
circulars, plans, sketches, designs, music, &c, in 
lithographic style. 

, Universal Simplex Type-Writer, Ltd. 

Type-Writer. 

T. Dollard and Co., 62, Broad Street, New York. 
Eclipse Copying Apparatus. 

A. L. Damkoehler, New York. 

Repeatingjand Consecutive Stamps. 

The Cyclostyle Co., New York. 

The Cyclostyle Copying Appparatus. 



Col. 
Location. 

B46 



C 18 



C44 


C45 


A 56 


^iHi 


C44 



CLASS XVIII. 

MOTORS AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATION AND 

TRANSMISSION OF POWER. 

Boilers and Steam or Gas-generating Apparatus for Motive Purposes. 
Water-wheels, Windmills. Steam, Air, Gas and Water Engines. 
Shafting, Belting, Cables, &c. 

476. Shipman Engine Export Co., 23, Court Street, Boston, C 31 
Mass. 

Petroleum Oil Steam Engines for stationary and marine 
uses. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS op BATH, 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

The Roman Baths, which occupied several acres in extent, have been 
lately uncovered; a portion is still utilised for Baths. These ancient 
Baths are the grandest remains of the Roman occupation of Britain, 
and were built in the first and following centuries, and disused on the 
destruction of Bath a.d. 577. Ancient coins, pottery, and plumbing, the 
latter unrivalled in England. 

BATH IS TWO-AND-A-QUARTER HOURS FROM LONDON 

BY G. W. Ry. 



140 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

477. Jerome Wheeloek, Worcester, Mass. Q 54 

" Wheeloek " Automatic Steam Engine. Diameter of cylinder 
23in., stroke 48in., wheel 16ft. diameter. 

478. Charter, Gait, and Tracy, Sterling, Whiteside County, C 55 

111. 

Gas and Gasoline Engine. 

479. A. H. Croekford, Newark, N.J. D 59 

Automatic Boiler Cleaner, Feed Water Heater and Water 
Cleaner combined. 

480. The Babcock and Wilcox Company, New York and D 55 

Glasgow, and 114, Newgate Street, London, E.C. 

2 120 h.p. B. and W. Boilers, supplying steam to 300 h.p. 
Wheeloek engine. 

481. Exhaust Ventilator Company, 116, Dearborn Street, c 5£l 

Chicago, 111. London Agency, 63, Fore Street, London, E.C. 

(1.) Blackman Air Propeller or Exhaust Ventilator. 

48in. in diameter in motion, driven in power fixed in 
a temporary erection specially arranged for showing its 
capability when exhausting from, blowing into, or 
circulating air within any building or space for venti- 
lating, cooling, drying, or any other purpose that 
includes the movement of air in quantity. 

(2.) Blackman Air Propeller or Exhaust Ventilator. 

48in. in diameter, also arranged as No. 1., moving a 
parallel current of air in the opposite direction. 

(3.) Cone or Pyramid, consisting of seven Blackman Air 
Propellers. 60in., 48in., 36in., 24in., 18in. and 14in. 
in diameter respectively, showing the sizes in general 
use in industrial and other buildings. 

482. Leonard and Ellis, New York. Agents, Boult Bros, and D 56/ 

Co., 38a, King William Street, London, E.C. 

Light Feed Lubicrating Cups. 

These cups are so arranged as to allow of a feed of 
from one drop per minute to a constant stream, to be 
supplied to cylinders and bearings. 

483. W. Coupe and Co., South Attleboro, Mass. C 

Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Boad, London, E. 
Excelsior Raw Hide Belting. 




TRADE MARK 



THE BLACKMAN AIR PROPELLER 

Is the most efficient, economical and convenient mechanical 
Ventilator in use ; it is now largely used in Public Buildings 
and by hundreds of leading industrial firms throughout the 
world. Invaluable for drying and cooling purposes. Buyers, 
have the free benefit of the Company's wide and varied. 

experience. 

The Exhaust Ventilator Co., 116, Dearborn St., Chicago, 111. 

THE BLACKMAN VENTILATING CO., 63, Fore St., London, E.C. 



Machinery . 



141 



Col. 
Location. 



484. The Gandy Belt Manufacturing Co. Ltd., Baltimore, A 48 

U.S.A., and 130, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.G. 

Gandy 's Patent American Cotton Belting. 

Twice the strength, and averages about halt the 
price of leather. Thoroughly waterproof, and not 
affected by temperature. 

485. Frederick Nell, 16, Mark Lane, London, E.C. D 55 

Turbine (" Victor") Water Wheel. 

486. Mellen, Bray and Co., Boston, Mass. C 67 

Solid Lacing Studs and Tubular Rivets. 
Machinery for Fixing same. 

487. Dodge Manufacturing Co., Mishawaka, ind. C 60 

Split Wood Pulleys. 



CLASS XIX. 

MACHINES AND APPAEATUS FOE THE PEODUC- 
TION AND APPLICATION OF ELECTEICITY. 

Voltaic-Electric, Thermo-Electric, Magneto-Electric and Dynamo- 
Electric Apparatus, Motors, Accumulators, Conductors, Conduits, 
Insulating Materials, Joints and Connections, Alarms, Telegraphs, 
Telephones, Electrical Illumination, Electro-platmg, &c. 



r 49 

501. E. H. Rust, Boston, Mass. ^ * A 

Electric Automatic Police Signal System. 

502.*Electric Gas Lighting Co., 35, Arch Street, Boston, C 33 
Mass. Agents, Messrs. Woodhouse and Kawson, 11, Queen 
Victoria Street, London. 

Automatic Electric Gas Lighters and Extinguishers. 
Electric Bells, Annunciators, Burglar Alarms, etc. 
Specialities in Electrical Supplies. 

503. Empire Electric Co., New York. 

Electric Window Tapper for Advertising Purposes. 



C7 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Oheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER KEYLESS HALF CHRONOMETER, |-plate movement, fully jewelled, 
adjusted for all climates, and is specially manufactured for hunting and rough wear. £i0 8 

SILVER^ KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, ^^^^^^^tSi 



142 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
tzr\A 1-it Location. 

■504. Edgerton Motor Co., Philadelphia, Pa. Agents, T. Wade, B 31 

Guthrie and Co., 71, King Street, Manchester. 

An _ Electric Motor intended for the economical introduc- 
tion of power. 

The pole-pieces are arranged each with three radial 
cores, on which the existing coils are wound, and by 
which the fields are supported on the interior of a 
cylindrical iron shell which forms the framework of 
the motor, as well as the yoke-piece of the field 
magnets. The shell and pole-pieces form a concen- 
trically cylindrical structure in the interior of which 
the armature revolves on a central shaft supported at 
either end by bearings situated centrally in the end 
caps or lids. These end caps may close the cylinder 
entirely or not, but usually one end is closed com- 
pletely while the other is left open for easy access to 
the brushes and commutator. 

The armature is polar, and consists of three helices, 
wound upon as many radial cores, set at equal dis- 
tances upon a central prism of the same number of 
sides. Through the central axis of this prism the 
shaft is placed longitudinally, and, as before stated, 
supported in bearings in the end caps of the motor. 
The outer or peripheral extremity of each of these 
cores is segmental in shape, coinciding in curve with 
the inner concave services of the pole-pieces between 
which it revolves. The helices are wound parallel 
with the axis of the armature as in the Siemens 
shuttle armature, and each is complete in itself. 
Similar ends of each helical wire are connected with 
the commutator segments, of which there is one for 
each helix ; and the other similar ends are carried out 
to a common union, insulated from and carried upon 
the shaft. 

Model of Electrical Eailway operated from Central 
Station. 

505. American Press Association, 32, Vesey Street, New c 52 

York. 
Electro Shells. 

506. Herman Fahrig, Muskegon, Mich. Agent, Ernest Fahrig, A 43 

91, Fmsbury Pavement, London, E.C., and Morley Hall 
Works, Hackney, E. 

Fahrig's Electro-Coutery Instrument. 
Fahrig's Batteries for same. 
Electric Fire Damp Gas Detector. 



SWAIN E & ADENEY, 

WHIPS -A-IsriD CA1TES 

WHOLESALE AND RETAIL, 

185, PICCADILLY, LONDON. 

MAKERS TO THE QUEEN AND PRINCE OF WALES. 

ff>ri3e Mefcals at Xonfcon, THienna, fl>aris anfc f>bilafcelpbia. 



Machinery. 143 



Col. 
Location. 



507. Western Union Telegraph Co., New York. B 17 

Telegraph Apparatus. 

508. Richard Waring, Pittsburg. A 42, 

Waring's Cable System. 



CLASS XX. 

HYDEAULIC AND PNEUMATIC APPABATUS. 

Pumps Air Compressors. Blowers, Hydraulic -Jacks, Earns, Presses, 
Elevators, Fire Engines, and Fire Extinguishing Apparatus, 
Hose, Ladders, Fire Escapes. Stop Valves, Cocks, Pipes. Ice 
Machines. 



526. L. J. Wing 50, Cliff Street, New York, and Water Lane, C 61. 

Great Tower Street, London, E.C. 

Patent Fans. 

(a) For ventilating, cooling, drying, and removing 
dust, steam, noxious fumes, etc. 

(6) A fan with double engine combination attached 
to frame of fan, for use in awkward positions or 
isolated spots where steam can be obtained, or for 
running at night when main engine is not at work. 

(c) Small fans arranged to work by hand or foot- 
gear. 



527. Fernando B. Smith, 180, East Fourth Street, Canton, 

Ohio. 
Novelty Force Pumps. 

528. Hancock Inspirator Co., 33, India Wharf , Boston, Mass. 

Inspirators, for feeding all classes of Steam Boilers with 
water. 



C 27 



C31 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

THE "SIR JOHN." A /25 Standard gold keyless f-plate half-chronometer. 
Accurately timed for all climates, jewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-carat case, with. 
monogram or crest richly emblazoned. £25. ^.^^ kl ^« „ un « M « 

GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER SPLIT-SECONDS CHRONO- 
GRAPH of the highest quality. Adjusted and finished in the most perfect style. £40. f«Q». 



£60, £70. 



^M 



144 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
crtr\ iTT tt j-4 Location 

Ozy. W. H. Gray, 35, Broadway, New York. q ao 

Ornamental Fire Extinguishers, of such size that they can 
be used conveniently by women or children. 

530. W. and B. Douglas, Middletown, Conn. q 31 

Pumps and Hydraulic Rams. 

531. Waterbury Rubber Co., 49, Warren Street, New York. D 50 

Sphincter Grip Spring Steel-armoured Hose. 

The advantages of this hose are that it offers 
increased resistance to inside pressure, increased 
resistance to outside pressure when used as a suction 
hose, the Sphincter grip preventing a collapse from 
vacuum that it cannot be kinked, and from its 
increased flexibility it can be coiled in a small space ; 
that it keeps in cylindrical position, delivering its full 
volume of water, whether lying straight, coiled on a 
reel, or turned round a sharp corner. It cannot be 
burst by the action of frost, and the armour or hose can 
be cut anywhere without loosening or uncoiling. 

532. Bristol Pump and Engine Co., Bristol, e.i. q 53 

One Revolving Piston Common Force Pump 
0ne do. Deep Well Pump. 

0ne do. Spirit Transfer Pump. 

^ wo do. Small Power Supply Pumps. 

Two Small Pumps, to be taken apart to show working 
parts. 

533. Bradley, Barker and Co., Alleghany City, Pa., and 34, d 48 

Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 

The "Stott" Patent Gas Governor, for regulating and 
controlling the supply of Gas. 

The "Stott" Patent Combined Gas Governor and Safety 
Stop Valve, for controlling the supply of Gas and pre- 
venting explosions. 

534. Atmospheric Churn Co. (Woolf and Co.), Washington, c 39 

D. C. ; Avenue, St. Louis, Mo., and 119, New Bond Street, 
London. 

American Dry Cold Air Cabinet Refrigerators, for the 

preservation of all foods together. 
Improved Box Refrigerators, for the preservation of all 

foods together. 
Portable Ice Houses and Boxes. 
American Domestic Freezing Machines. 
Ice Cream and Wine Freezers. 



SIR JOHN BEOTETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

™JLl!!J? ^"IV n £ 2 5 Standard gold keyless f-plate half-chronometer. 

m C o C n U og a S JES&g SgSS^T^ * I3 ^^ In "^ *<*« CaSe ' wi * 

GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER SPLIT-SECONDS CHRONO- 

£60^/7?. ° f the hlgh6St quaUty * Ad J usted and finished ia the most perfect style. £40, £50, 



Machinery. 145 



Col. 
Location. 



535. Alex. Conacher, Athens, Ga. C 57 

Household Ice Machine, operated by hand-power. 

536. C. G. Blatchley, Philadelphia. C 67 

Ice Cream Freezers. 

537. Webster and Comstock, Chicago, 111. Agents, W. E. C 60 

Dell and Son, 26, Mark Lane, London, E.C. 
One Macdonald's Patent Friction Clutch. 
One „ „ .. » (small). 

538. C. J. Murphy, 50, Wall Street, New York. B 38 

Domestic Hand Ice Machine, for making ice in three 
minutes. 

539 Eureka Ice Machine Refrigerating Co., St. Augustme, 

Fla. B 39 

Ice Machines and Refigerators. 

540. E. A. Hayes, New York. c 38 

Life Saving Apparatus. 



CLASS XXI. 

RAILWAY PLANT, ROLLING STOCK AND 

APPARATUS. 

Locomotives, Cars, Wheels, Brakes, Couplers, Ties, Switches, 
Frogs, &c, &c. Street Railway Cars. 



551 A. Whitney and Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. D 54 

Cast Iron Chilled Wheels, for Railways, Tramways, and 
Mine Roads. 

552. La Marcus A. Thompson, 914, Walnut Street, Phila- Outside 

delphia, Pa. 

A Switch-Back Railway Coasting Track, for pleasure and 
amusement, operated by gravity in the grounds ot the 
Exhibition. 



SIE JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Oheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 
LADIES' GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETERS. In i8-carat hunting 

, .Sl^SoS KEYLES^HUNT NQ op HALF-HUNTING WATCHES. In 
^trorfg ^££^1^***. fully Jewelled movements. Elegant in appear- 
ance, accurate and reliable. £10 to £2i< 



146 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location, 



CLASS XXII. 

AEEIAL, PNEUMATIC AND WATER TRANS- 
PORTATION. 

Pneumatic Railways and Dispatch Boats, Life Rafts, &c. Steering 
Apparatus. & 



553. Giovanni B. Siccardi, 19, East Fourteenth Street, New D 51 

York. 

Car Brake and starter for street cars, propelled by horses, 
cable, or electric motor. 

554. Christer P. Sandberg, C.E., 19, Great George Street, c 45. 

Westminster, London, S.W. 

Rails, Rail Joints, inspection of Rails. 
" Goliath Rails," up to 1051bs. per yard. 

555. Dougherty Railway Equipment Company 1,432, c 62 

North Twentieth Street, Philadelphia, Pa., and London. 
Model Dougherty Cable Traction, Tramway System. 
» >> Automatic Railway Signal. 

" » Metallic Cushioned Railway Tie. 

556. Kennard & Francis Knott, Chicago, ill. c 54 

Reversible Steam Engine. 

557. Metallic Engine Packing Co., 8, Union Court, Old D 57 

Broad Street. A. H. Kenrick, Manager. 

The " Jerome " Patent Packing, for piston-rods and valve- 
stems of locomotive, stationary and other engines. 



576. Guion and Co., 11, Rumford Street, Liverpool, and 

5, Waterloo Place, Pall Mall, London, S.W. 

Model of the Royal Mail steamer "Alaska" of the Guion 
Line, between Liverpool and New York. 

577. New York Boat Oar Co. Agents, Joseph Gardner and B 35 

Sons, Bootle, Liverpool, and West India Docks, London, E. 
Oars, Sculls, Sweeps, Handspikes. 

578. Stout, Mills, and Temple, Dayton, Ohio. Agents, W. R. Q QQ 

Dell and Sons. 26, Mark Lane, London, E.C. 

One 6in. New American Turbine 
One Model of do. 

579. Henderson Brothers, 47, Union Street, Glasgow. b & C 5> 

Full Model of Anchor Line steamship " City of Rome " 
8,415 tons, 12,000 h.-p., length 560ft., breadth 52ft., 
depth 37ft. 

Full Model of Anchor Line steamship " Belgravia " 4 976 
tons, 2,510 h.-p., length 400ft., breadth 44ft., depth 33ft. 



Manufactures. 



147 



Department IV. 



MANUFACTURES, 



CLASS XXV. 
CHEMICAL PEEPAEATIONS. 

Acids, Alkalies, Salts, Oils, Soaps, Paints Essences, Perfumery, Cos- 
metics, Explosive and Fulminating Compounds. 



Col. 
Location 



601. W. R. Warner & Co., 1228, Market Street, Philadelphia, C 37 
Pa 

Sugar-coated Pills of various kinds, such as -Kliubarb,'' 
"Antibilious," "Liver," "Dinner," "Cathartic, 

CS minimum doses of various Drugs for the , easy 
administration of medicines to children, and for fre- 
quent repetition in the cases of adults. 

IngUvin. A specific for Vomiting in Pregnancy, Indiges- 
tion, and Sick Stomach. - . . , 

Bromo-Soda. An effervescing Salt, for producing a drink 
impregnated with Carbonic Acid Gas. Used in oom- 
batin a Nervous Headache, Brain Fatigue, Sleeplessness, 
Mental and Physical Exhaustion, &c. 

Aromatic Silvered Cachous for Smokers, and for deoclor- 

Elm^Exlra^rofcoca, Elixir of Coca, Effervescing Citrate 
of Caff erne, and Bromide of Potassium, and various 
elegant Pharmaceutical Preparations. 



« bailors, & 

HABIT MAKERS TO THE QUEEN, 

44, CONDUIT STREET, W. 




ARMY A NAVY OUTFITTERS 



148 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

602. D. A. Woodhouse Manufacturing Co., 57, Ann street, c 38 

New York. 

Fire Extinguishers. 

603. Seabury and Johnson, 21, Piatt Street, New York, b 35 

and 1 and 2, Australian Avenue, London, E.C. 

Pharmacopseia and Surgical Plasters in India-rubber 
Combination, Porous and Spread; Eubber Adhesive 
Plaster ; Bunion, Corn, Court, and Mustard Plasters ; 
Medicinal Plasters in the most approved form ; Gold- 
beaters' Skin; Music Menders' Absorbent, Borated, 
Salicylate^ Carbolated, and Corrosive Sublimate 
Cottons. 

Antiseptic, Iodoform, and Eucalyptus Gauze. 

Absorbent and Borated Lint. 

Bandages, Surgical Dressings, Meade's Strapping Plaster, 
m lengths for Hospital use ; also on reels, of various 
widths. 

Eailway Accident Cases, &c, &c. 

604. Imperial Hair Regenerator Co., 54, West Twenty-third B 34 

Street, New York. 

Imperial Hair Begenerator ; a preparation to restore grey 
hair to its own or original colour. 

605. Vacuum Oil Company, Rochester, N.Y., and Liverpool. B 36 

Samples of Petroleum Products, viz. : — 
Harness Oils. 
Leather Oils. 
Cylinder Oils. 
Engine Oils. 
Spindle Oils, 
Machinery Oils. 
Railway Oils. 

606. The Charles A. Vogeler & Co., Baltimore, Md. c 20' 

St. Jacob's Oil. 




SAMPSON&Co. 

Sole Makers of the 

SURPLICE 
SHIRT. 

SIX for 45s. 

Detailed Price List & Patterns 
sent on application. 

/J268, 270, OXFORD ST. 

LONDON. 

Facing Hanvver Square Gates. 




Manufactures. 



149 



Col. 

Location. 

607. John Lucas & Co., 141 to 143, North Fourth Street, C 37 
Philadelphia, Pa. 

Colors, dry. 

,, ground in Oil. 
,, ,, >) Japan. 

Paints Dry, and in Oil, and Ready Mixed. 

Varnishes. 

Stains. 

T^il 1 pi"*"-) &c 

Colour; used by Painters, Printers' Ink Manufacturers, 
Lithographers, Paper Stainers and Implement Manu- 
facturers Varnishes of every description. Colours 
ground in Japan, Wood Stains, and Pure Linseed Oil. 
Ready Mixed Paints. 

608. Chas. D. Keep, 49, Exchange Place, New York. C 38 

Ka-Wren Remedies. 

609. Baugh & Sons, Philadelphia, Pa. B 36 

Chemicals, Oils, Stearine, Greases, &c. 

610. Harriet Hubbard Ayer. Office, 27 Union Square. B 35 

House, 120, West Thirteenth Street, New York. 

Recamier Preparations : — 
Ayer's Recamier Cream. 
,, Recamier Balm. 
,, Recamier Face Powder. 
„ Recamier Tooth Wash. 

611. Koko-Maricopas Co., New York. B 34 

Koko, a tonic dressing for the Hair. 

612. Enoch Morgan's Sons Co., 22, Park Place, New York ; B 33 

31, Snow Hill, London, E.C. 

Sapolio ; a solid cake of soap for polishing metals and 
cleaning wood-work, oilcloth, marble, tin-ware, and any 
hard substance except silver or glass. 



613. Charles Judson, Manufacturing Perfumer and Fancy Soap 
Maker, 137*, Bleecker Street, New York. Agents, Doebbel 
and Co., 180, Oxford Street, London, W. 

Perfumes extracted and distilled from American flowers 
grown in Canada. 

Specialities : Eau de Canada, essences, oils, pomades, 
smelling salts, fancy soaps, sprays, fountains, etc. 



C35 



SIB JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETER, f-plate movement, fully jewelled, 
adjusted for all climates, and is specially manufactured for hunting and rough wear. £10, 

SILVER 1 KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, ^ ^ 



150 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



is* 



PROTECTION FROM FIRE, 



HARDEN STAR GRENADE FIRE EXTINGUISHER, 

BRITAIN, and to every Government in the World. 
Is the best, cheapest, and only reliable Hand Fire Extinguisher in general use 



B S IN ^ MADE OP THINNEST GLASS AND HERMETICALLY^ ALED WILT™" tTbw Air as 

IAIN EEEICIENCY UNIMrllRED ^Y TIME OR CLImIV 8 ' 



EASILY AS AN EGG, AND RET; 



CAUTION.— The marvellous 
success of the Harden Star Gre- 
nade has resulted in the pro- 
duction and advertisement of 
worthless articles of si mi tar type, 
claiming advantages they do not 
possess. The makers of these, 
knowing the efficiency of the 
Harden Star, decline competi- 
tion. In order that the public 
may not be deceived into buying 
inferior articles, it is pointed 
out that the BLUE MELON- 
SHAPED GRENADE, WITH 
A STAR BLOWN IN THE 
BOTTLE, is the only reliable appliance of the kind. 

FACTS WORTH KNOWING. — Unsolicited 
Testimonials prove that in Great Britain alone 
2,200 Actual Outbreaks of Fire have been ex- 
tinguished, and many Lives Saved by their use. 
:o: 

The Harden Star Grenade has made a record 
that stands without parallel in the history of Fire 
Appliances : — 

IN ENGLAND THREE MILLIONS HAVE 

BEEN SOLD, AND FOUR 

MILLIONS IN AMERICA IN TWO YEARS. 




GOLD MEDAL, 

LONDON, 1886, 

HIGHEST AWARD. 

SILVER MEDAL, 

LIVERPOOL, 1886. 
HIGHEST AWARD. 

SILVER MEDAL, 

PARIS, 1885. 
HIGHEST AWABD. 




REMEMBER THE 
NAME— 



THE HARDEN STAR, 



Price 40s. per Dozen Case. 

RACKS FOR HANGING THREE. 
GRENADES, is. 3d. EACH. 

Price 20s. per Half Case. 

RACKS FOR HANGING T 
GRENADES, 9 d. EACH. 



vVO' 



REFUSE ALL 
OTHERS. 



It is the only Grenade extensively adopted in Royal Palaces, Mansions, Private Residences Hotel* 
Hospitals, Railways, Steamships, Yachts, Theatres, Factories, and Workshops ; in fact, the Harden Star- 
Grenade is a Household Word. Copies of Testimonials as to actual Fires extinguished (not nrefs 

opinions of experiments) will be sent on application. 

NEW HAND EXTINCTEUR, " FIRE (MEN? 

Dick's Extincteur "FIRE QUEEN" received GOLD MEDAL in Competition with Eight. 

Competitors. Specially adapted for 

HOSPITALS, INPIKMAKIES, MANSIONS, & PEIVATE KESIDENCES. 

ALSO LARGELY USED FOR FLOUR MILLS WHICH ARE FITTED UP WITH THE NEW ROLLER MACHINERY.. 

The NEW HAND EXTINCTEURS, which achild may carry and use, 
are now being largely adopted for Hospitals, Infirmaries, Mansions, and 
Private Houses They can be so quickly brought into action as to en- 
able any person to arrest a fire immediately on its outbreak. They are 
self-acting, always ready for action, and harmless to lite, health or 
property. They are especially useful where ladies' light inflammable 
dresses are in danger of fire. 










HAND EXTINCTEUR, including Two Chemical Charges— 
„ , £2 5 £2 15 £3 3 £3 10 

No. 4 ) EXTINCTEUR ) . . ,. „ • . r £ s. = 

No. 5 I to Carrv I ^eluding 2 Chemical I *? f 

No. 6 J on the back / Charges | £7 

TTAX CHEMICAL CHARGES. 

HAND EXTINCTEUR, 2s. ; No. 4, 3s. ; No. 5,5s. ; No. 6, 6s. 6d. each 
Improved Leather lokes,jor carrying, 5s. each extra 
FIRE PUT OUT AT THE ORPHAN HOME JERSEY , BY A GIRL AGED 15 
" We had a fire last Sunday week at the Orphan Home when the officials and inmates were at Church On, n r 
aged lo) 1 emaining at home discovered the fire, and extinguished it by the use of the Ixtincteur. " 




the sirls (ag 



facts "woir-th: 



ZECICTO WIITG-. 
Oyer 130,000 Extincteurs have been sold, and over 14,000 Fires Extinguished bv them alone 

r ^^£* e P^ h ™ °L 7 °i °- b ^ ks of Fires at Mills, &c, 692 were extinguished bv ExtinV.nl aTJ 



Loss of Property, £8,859 Approximate value of property endangered, £3,766,420. 



guished by Extin cteurs. Actual 



THE HARDEN STAR & SINCLAIR FIRE APPLIANCE CO., LIMITED 
114, CANNON ST., LONDON, E.C., & CATHEDRAL STEPS, MANCHESTER 

TERMS, FOR AGENCIES, &c, ON APPLICATION. TERMS FOR AGENCIES, &c, ON APPLICATION 




Manufactures. 



151 



Col. 
Location. 



614. McKesson and Robbins, by W. J Evans, 91, Fulton C 36 

Street, New York, and 38, Mark Lane, London, L.C. 

Ovoid Capsuled Pills, Hytfrochlorate of Cocaine Sulphate 
of MorpMne, Sulphate of Quinine Bisulphate of 
Quinine, Sulphate of Codeine, Alkaloid Codeine, Gatt 
Iodoform, Kesenoids and Fluid Extracts. 

615. The Harden Star and Sinclair Fire Appliance D 34 

Co. Limited, H4, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 

*Vhe Improved Harden Star Grenade Fire Extinguishers. 
These are made of thinnest glass, are easily broken, 
and are non-explosive ; there being no fuce gas and 
being hermetically sealed by patent process, they 
cannot deteriorate by climate or time. Price, 40s 
per dozen. Chemical Extincters : Tliese chemical 
self-acting fire-engines are extensively known m the 
States as " the Babcock," and are well known for their 
efficiency, as they contain chemicals which m com- 
bination produce carbonic acid gas. Price, ±>2 2s. to 

jq- b —The above appliances are distributed 
throughout the Exhibition for use in case of fire. 

616 Downie (Eucalyptus) Boiler Incrustation Pre- D 56 

vlntive CO San Francisco. Agents, Boult Brothers and 

Co., 38a, King 'William Street, London, E.C. 

A fluid obtained by boiling the leaves of the eucalyptus 
tree Its purpose is to remove old scale from boilers, 
and to prevent the formation of new incrustation ; also 
to arrest pitting and corrosion, and generally to protect 
the tubes and plates in boilers. 

■ 617. Leonard and Ellis, New York. Agents, Boult Brothers D 56 
and Co , 38a, King William Street, London, E.C, and at 
Liverpool, Cardiff, Glasgow, and Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

Valvoline Lubricating Oils. 

These oils are made from a special crude only found 
in one place. They are refined by a process that does 
not burn and spoil, but cleans and purifies them into 
lubricating bodies of varying densities. 

618. Benjamin Brooke and Co., Philadelphia. B 38 

Brooke's Soap ("Monkey Brand"). 

■ 619. Electrine Co., St. Paul's, Minn. Agent, M. P. McCoy, B 46 
7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 

"Inkoleum," for reducing and refining printing and 

lithographic inks without impairing the colour. 



SIB, JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

.GOLD KEYLESS LEVER, in strong i8-carat crystal glass case, jewelled in 13 

actions. Accurate and reliable. £10, £12, £15. 
ro^FYLESS 4-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER, in strong 18-carat crystal 

variations of temperature. £21, £2-5, lw. 



152 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 



B39 
B 52 



620. William P. Ward and Co., 59, Fifth Avenue, New ■ T go 

York, and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
The Pine Tree State Fir Balsam and Hemlock Pillows. 

621. The Defiles Safety Lamp and Oil Co. Limited, B 27 

New York, and 43 and 44, Holborn Viaduct, London, EC 
Defries Safety Mineral Oil-A mineral oil for burning in 
wSt smell. a flaSWng P ° int ° f 27 °° F " and bei *S 

622. E. W. Cooper, Rouse's Point, N.Y. 

Perfumes. 

623. Lyon Manufacturing Co., 59, Fifth Avenue, New York, 

and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
Lightning Hat Polish. 

624. Greenway and Son, 121, New North Road, London, N c q<v 

Perfumery. °^ 

625. Imperial Fire Extinguisher Co. Limited, City Bank C 36 

fork gS ' QU6en ViCt ° ria Street ' London ' E -C-« and New 
Imperial Grenade Fire Extinguisher. 

626 ' B S: g E S d WellCOme ^d Co., Snow Hill Buildings, C 37 

Pharmaceutical Preparations 

Kepler Malt Extract, and Combinations 

ISnlton Wine C ° d ^ 0il in Extract ° f M ^ 

?m Z t^ e '» a D \ stillate of the Witch Hazel. 

Tablets ''and « Tabloids " (Compressed Drugs). 
Digestive Ferments (Fairchild) h 

Compressed Hypodermic Tabloids 
Absorbent Cotton (Lawton) 
Valoicl Fluid Extracts. 
Strophanthus Tincture and Tabloids. 
Medicine Pocket Cases. 
Hypodermic Pocket Cases. 
Medicine Chests. 
Dialysed Iron (Wyeth). 

r57 Dd f S A ymp ° f the H yP°phosphites (Fellows'). 
Men hoi %i£ST* Inhal6r <*"*«* Patent). h 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty 

GOLD KEYLESS MINUTE CHRONOGRAPH 777u u- *. 

throughout in the best possible style EteSnt fc mS^S? hl ^ est ^ty, finished 
timekeeper. This Watch registers the »S s SXK d perfectly accurate as a 
GOLD KEYLESS CHRONOMETER If + v?^' t S ° fasecond ' £3°to£6o; 
rated. Specially suitabl , S preWtfon In J ?° -^J 8 * ^ UaHt >- Adjusted and 
crystal g&ss cases. £60 tc V&& resentatl0n « In massive 18-carat hunting, half-hunting, or 



Manufac tures . 153 



— : ' coi. 

Location. 

627 Spratt's Patent (America) Ld., 239 to 245, East Fifty- B 68 

sixth Street, New York, and Henry Street, Bermondsey, 
London, S.E. 

Patent Locurium, a Healing Vegetable Oil for Cuts and 
Bruises. 

Dog Medicines of all kinds. 

Medicines for Human and Animal Use. 

628. Chesebrough Manufacturing Co., New York. C 36 

Vaseline. 

629. Morris Little and Sons, Brooklyn, N.Y., and Don- A 57, 58 

caster, Yorkshire. 
Disinfectants. 

630. Chas. Cathery, New York. A 52 

American Cloth Cleaner. 

631. J. B. Stoner, 115, Broadway, New York City, U.S.A., and A 35 

" York Villa, Ainsworth Koad, West Croydon. 

Improved Float for Hospitals, Hotels, Batteries, Coaling 

Stations, Magazines, &c. ,,..., 

Floating Lighthouse, Telegraph and Lifeboat Station. 
Automatic Water Meter. 



CLASS XXVI. 
CEEAMICS. 

Pottery, Porcelain, Glass, Bricks, Terra-cotta, Tiles. 

629. The Chicago and North Western Railway, B 5 

Chicago, 111. 
Tile and Terra Cotta. 

CLASS XXVII. 

FOBNITUKE AND DECOBATIVE OBJECTS; ABT 

METAL WOBK. 

Furniture, Table Furniture, Glass, China, Silver Plate and Plated 
Ware, Mirrors, Picture Frames, Gas Fixtures, Lamps, &c. 

651. J. B. Etherington and Co., 57, Haverhill Street, Boston, B 32 
Mass. 

Hammock Chairs and Folding Tables. 

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

GOLD KEYLESS LEVER, in strong i8-carat crystal glass case, jewelled in 13 

actions. Accurate and reliable. £10, £12, £15. 
GOLD KEYLESS J-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER, in strong 18-carat crystal 

glass case, jewelled throughout. This Watch is specially made lor cough wear, and all 

variations of temoerature. £zi. te*- ^*o. 



154 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



652. James Everett and Co., Continental Hotel, New York. 

Duplex Gas Burner and Heater. 

653. Magee Furnace Co., Boston, Mass. 

Chelsea Art Castings. 

'654. Mosler Safe and Lock Co., 768, Broadway, New York. 

Fireproof Safes. 

Fire and Burglar-proof Safes. 

Burglar-proof Bank Safes. 

Time Locks and Combination Locks. 

655. Novelty Manufacturing Co., 20, Warren Street, New 

York. 
Fancy Metal Goods. 

^356. W. H. Pike, Boom 14, 206, Broadway, New York. 

Pike's Patent Looking-glass Regulator. 
Duplex and other Gas Burners. 

» 

657. Rochester Lamp Co., 25, Warren Street, New York. 

Rochester Lamps and Niagara Burner. 

658. Sehlicht and Field Co., Rochester, N.Y. 

Labour- Saving Office Devices. 

Consisting of Letter and Bill-Filing Cabinets, 
Document Files, and Cabinets. 
Roller Copying Machine. 
Metal Roller Book Shelves. 
Indexes for Mercantile and Public Offices. 

•659. Schram Bros, and Co., Chicago, 111. 

Picture Frames. 

660. Fernando B. Smith, 180, East Fourth Street, Canton, Ohio. 
Brass Goods, Nickel Plated Ware. 



Col. 
Location. 

D42 
B32 
C41 



C38 



D49 



C34 



C40 



C6 
C27 




SAMPSONS Co. 

Sole Makers of the 

SURPLICE 
SHIRT, 

SIX for 48s. 

Detailed Price List & Patterns 
sent on application. 

268, 270, OXFORD ST. 

LONDON. 

Facing Hanover Square Gates. 




Manufactures. 



155 



* Col. 

Location. 

661. American Braided Wire Co., 64, Church Street, Shore- A 38 

ditch, London, E. 

Braided Steel Wire Pillows. 

Braided Steel Wire Mattresses. . 

Braided Steel Wire Tension Springs for upholstery work m 
carriage seats, chairs, etc. 

662. The Flexible Glass Company, 23, Park Row, New C 21 

York, and 294, High Road, Kilburn, London, N.W. 
Various Articles Manufactured of Flexible Glass. 



663. Samuel Clarke, Pyramid and Fairy Light and Lamp 

Works, Newark. N.J., and Child's Hill, London, N.W. 
Patent Fairy Lamps and Fairy Lights. 

664. Norton Door Check Spring Co., 59, Fifth Avenue, New 

York, and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 

Norton Door Check and Spring, consisting of a cylinder, 

piston, spring, and self-adjusting valve. It is provided 

with suitable brackets, and is adapted to be attached to 

the top part of a door and the frame over the door. In it 

are two great powers, namely, the spring, which is sure 

to close the door, drawing the hardest when it is 

nearest closed, and the check, or the cushioning of the 

piston on air, which brings the door to a stop for an 

instant near the jamb, then quietly, but surely, closing 

the door and latching it by the operation of the spring, 

being regulated by the automatic valve, which permits 

the air to enter the cylinder freely while opening the 

door, and while closing exhausts the air, more or less, as 

the force exerted on the door to close it is greater or 

less. 

665. Bristol Brass Lamp Co., Man. Forestville, Conn. 

Patent Kerosene and other Lamps. Burners, Founts, etc., 
and every description of Lamp Trimmings. 

666. Lyon Manufacturing Co., 59, Fifth Avenue, New York, 

and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
Excelsior Door Bolt and Arrester. 



B43 



B52 



C 26 



B 52 



Used by Her Majesty and the several Courts of Europe. 



To ensure SOUND and. "WHITE TEETH, 

HEALTH? G-UMS, and FXtACrRAlTT BREATH, nse 



AEECA NUT 



COMMANSS 

TOOTH PASTE 



SEE TESTIMONIALS. 



AVOID WORTHLESS 
MITATIONS. 



OF ALL CHEMISTS, in Pots, 2s. 

K. D. Commans, Bath, 




156 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

667. A. W. Sinclair, Mottville, New York and 46, Holborn B 52 

Viaduct, London, E.C. 

Sinclair's Common-Sense Chairs. 

The frames are made of hard wood, principally 
maple, oak, hickory &,nd white elm, carefully selected, 
free from knots and shakes and thoroughly seasoned] 
Each round and slat is driven as tight as possible and 
not split, the wood glued with 1-X glue and finished 
with coach varnish. The seats are of double cane or 
ash splints, split from young, tough timber. The stuff 
is hand-turned and smoothly finished. 

668. Wooton Desk Manufacturing Co., Richmond, Ind., B 52 

and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
Wooton Cabinet. 

669. The Defries Safety Lamp and Oil Co., New York, b 28 

and 43 and 44, Holborn Viaduct, E.C. 
Defries Safety Mineral Oil Lamps. 

For domestic, hotel, club, ship, street, and railway 
lighting; in the forms of table-hanging, wall, and 
fixed lights, reflecting and other lanterns for loco- 
motives and street lights. 

670. Cameron, Amberg and Co., 27, Little Britain, London, c 40 

E.C. ; also New York and Chicago. 
Patent System of Letter Filing. 

The "Peerless" Cabinet Letter Files are made of 
black walnut. They are equally suitable for office, 
library, or private use, and are of the greatest 
assistance in keeping miscellaneous papers and corre- 
spondence of every description in perfect order, with 
the smallest amount of trouble. 



671. John Mallabone, 29, Leonard Street, Finsbury, London, 
E.C. 

American Folding Mantle Bed. 

,, Roll- top Cutler Desk. 

,, Rotary and Tilting Office Chair. 

,, Easels. 

,, Rockers (assorted). 

,, Patent Platform Rockers. 

,, Davenport. 

,, Library Tables. 

,, Ladd's Folding Cot. 

,, Folding Chairs. 

,, Whitewood Hand-painted Bedroom Suite. 



B42 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

GOLD KEYLESS LEVER, in strong 18-carat crystal glass case, jewelled in 13 

actions. Accurate and reliable. £10, £12, £15. " ° 

GOLD KEYLESS f-PLATE HALF-CHRONOMETER, in strong 18-carat crystal 

glass case, jewelled throughout. This Watch is specially made for rough wear, and all 

variations of temperature. £21, £25, £30. ' *" u "" 



Manufactures. 157 



Col. 
Location. 

672. William Adamson, 9, East Houston Street, New York. C 15 

Zinc Placques, Brass Placques, Clock Placques, Brass 
Bannerettes, and Painted Placques. 

673. Chas. B. Pomeroy, 1164, Broadway, New Yerk. C 38 

Greenwood Convertible Wire Basket. 

674. Whellams and Co. A 39 

Furniture. 

675. Vincent di Marzo, New York. A 43 

Lamps. 

676. Thonet Bros., 826, Broadway, New York. . A 14 

Bent Wood Furniture. 



CLASS XXVIII. 

HEATING, COOKING, AND LAUNDKY APPAEATUS, 
AND OBJECTS OF GENEEAL USE IN CON- 
STEUCTION AND IN BUILDINGS. 

Stoves, Banges, Steam Heating Appliances, Badiators, Mangles, 
Wringers, Ironing Machines, Kitchen Utensils, Sanitary Appli- 
ances, Manufactured Parts of Buildings, &o. Galvanised Iron- 
Work, Metal Hollow-ware. 



676. W. H. Pike, Room 14, 206, Broadway, New York. A 51 

Potato Masher. 

677. Stewart^Hartshorn, 486, Broadway, New York. C 39 

Self-acting Spring Window Shade or Blind Rollers. 

678. J. B. Etherington and Co., 57, Haverhill Street, Boston, B 32 

. Mass. 

Step Ladders. 

Clothes-Horses. 

Egg Beaters. 

Novelties in House Furnishing Goods. 



H.iP.TRUEFITT,Ltd.,13&14,gidBondSt. 

(Extending to Burlington Arcade). 

HAIRDRESSERS, PERFUMERS, AND ORNAMENTAL 

HAIR MANUFACTURERS. 
CAUTION TO STRANGERS. 

This Firm (Established 1819) has NO CONNECTION with another HOUSE 

of SAME NAME in SAME STKEE1. 



» 



158 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



679. New York Novelty and Speciality Co., 45, Vesey 

Street, New York. 
Patented Novelties. 

680. Banning, Canover and Co., 15 and 17, Mercer Street, 

New York. 

Tripp's Adjustable Window Shade Bar. 

681. Austin Baldwin and Co., by Geo. Page, 53, Broadway, 

New York, and 150, Leadenhall Street, London, E.C. 

Automatic Revolving Fountain. 

Being self-contained and independent of any direct 
supply, the liquid used falls into basin at base of 
fountain, and can be continually utilised until lost by 
evaporation, thereby minimising the cost of the liquids 
used. 



Col. 
Location 

C38 



C38 



C34 



682. Florence Machine Co., Florence, Mass. 

" Florence " Oil Stoves, for cooking and heating. 



C30 



683. Enterprise Manufacturing Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Cold Handle Sad Irons. 



C30 



684. American Machine Co., Philadelphia, Pa. 

Household Machines, viz. : — 
Ice Cream Freezers. 
Clothes-Wringers. 
Fluting Machines, etc. 

685. Bissel Carpet Sweeper Co., 103, Chamber Street, New 

York. 

Carpet Sweepers. 

For sweeping floors either covered with carpets, 
rugs, matting, or baize. Their specific parts consist 
of a revolving brush, which is kept in motion by 
propelling it by means of rubber-covered frietion 
wheel, making the machine perfectly noiseless. The 
box which holds the dust and dirt is made of a light 
wood, and the rubber band around the outside serves 
as a guard against marking furniture. 



C30 



C41 



HOT MINERAL BATHS op BATH a 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Unrivalled in Europe for luxury, Bath being the only spa in which every 
bathing appliance has been adopted. Thermal-vapour, massage, douche, 
atomized water, etc. Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous Debility, Sciatica, and 
all forms of skin affections cured. The Pump Rooms and Reading Room 
adjoin the Springs, and a select band plays daily. 

Bath, is two-and-a-qnarter hours from London by 

Great Western Bailway. 

Letters addressed to the Baths Committee of the Corporation wiH receive 

every attention. 



Manufac tures. 159 



Col. 
Location. 

686. Anshutz, Bradberry and Co., Pittsburg, Pa. Agent, D 35 

T. J. Constantine, 61, Fleet Street, London, E.G., and 

Pittsburg, Pa. 

A Selection of Improved Smoke-consuming Cooking and 
Warming Stoves, with a Patent Moveable Fire Grating, 
for the purpose of economising fuel and to ensure perfect 
combustion. 

687. S.B. Ryder, Elizabeth, N.Y. Agents, Simmons and Tullidge, C 61 

Belle Isle, London. 
Carpet Shaker. 

688. Morse Bros. Canton, Mass. Agents, C. Chancellor and Co., C 40 

171, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C. 
Eising Sun Stove Polish. 

689. Spencer Blueing Paddle Co. (per C. Chancellor and Co., c 40 

171, Queen Victoria Street, London, E.C,), 132 and 134, West 
Lake Street, Chicago, 111. 

Bluing Paddles. 

Consists of a flat wooden paddle, covered with 
laundry blue of the very finest quality. 

690. Bailey Wringing Machine Co., Woonsocket, K.I., and c 43 

39, Upper Thames Street, London, E.C. 

Clothes-Wringers. 

Novelty Wringer, with wood frame and india-rubber rollers, 
in four sizes, 10in., llin., 12in., and 14in. 

Superior Wringers, with galvanised iron frames and india- 
rubber rollers, in four sizes, 10in., llin., 12m., and 14in. 

691. The Smith and Anthony Stove Co., Harry Hunt, D 37 

British representative, 43, Newington Green, London, N. 

Improved Base Burner Hall Stoves, specially constructed 
and adapted for burning the fuel obtainable in Great 
Britain. 

Steel Plate Hot Air Furnace, for warming large or small 
buildings. 

The Kidean Open Fire Grate, and an assortment of Base 
and Surface-Burning Stoves and Heaters for all pur- 
poses. 

692. Castle Carpet Sweeper Co., Northwich, Cheshire. D 42 

Carpet Sweepers, combining Broom, Dustpan, and Duster. 
The case is hard wood, and has a substantial 

HOT MINERAL BATHS of BATH. 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Bath is the handsomest city in England, being erected on precise classical 
lines. It has been extolled by Macaulay as "that beautiful _ city _ which 
charms even eyes familiar with Brabant and Palladio." It is built in a 
valley, and on the sides of hills of 800ft. in elevation. The water is the 
purest in England, and the Park and neighbourhood afford the most beauti- 
ful rides and drives. The views from the hills, extending to Somerset and 
four adjoining counties, are renowned for their beauty. 

Bath is Two-and-a-Quarter Hours from London by G. W. Ry. 

G 1 



160 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
. Location, 

rubber furniture-protector ; the ends are of iron ; 
it has four driving wheels, with no belts to stretch 
and become loose, or bands on the wheels to wear or 
come off. The brush adjustment works automatically, 
and can be removed and replaced without trouble. 
The handle may be pulled over either way (and remains 
upright when not in use), and by bearing down upon 
it the brush is lowered and made to sweep harder. 
The dustpans are large, with bottom dump. 

693. Herman Fahrig, Muskyon, Mich. Agent, Ernest Fahrig, A 43 

91, Finsbury Pavement, E.C., and Morley Hall Works, 
Hackney, E. 

Fahrig's Domestic Gas Escape Detector. 
Self-lighting Gas Burner. 

,, Governor Gas Burner. 

,, Argand Burner. 

,, Billiard Burner. 

,, Sealing Jet. 

Automatic Governor Gas Burner. 
Automatic Main Gas Governor. 

Frameless and Shadowless Shades for billiard and other 
lights. 

694. Stent's Patents Limited, 239, Broadway, and 48, Broad A 40 

Street, New York, and 28, Cockspur Street, London, S.W. 

1. Stanley's Patent Corrugated Woven -wire Fire-proof 
Lathing for building purposes. 

2. Stent's Patent Flexible and Spiral Steel Door and Gate 
Spring. 

3. Stent's Patent Postage Stamp and Label Affixer. 

695. Atmospheric Churn Co. (Woolf and Co.), Washington c 39 

Avenue, St. Louis, Mo., and 119, New Bond Street, 
London, W. 

American Portable Oil Stoves. 

Enamel Ironware in Household Utensils. 

American Portable Cooking Box. 

696. Stanley's Patent Fireproof Roof Co. A 40 

Fireproof Lathing. 

697. Lewis W. Leeds, London. C 52 

Gas Stoves. 

698. Doane and Wellington, 468, Cherry Street, New York. d 43 

Agent, C. Easeferry, 108, St. Martin's Lane, London, W.C. 

Automatic Torch, Automatic Furnace, and Safety Vacuum 
Lamps. 

699. Adams and Westlake Manufacturing Company, C 24 

Chicago, 111. 
Oil and Lamp Stoves. 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Oheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 



GOLD KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, with fly-back seconds hand, |-plate half- 
chronometer, jewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-carat hunting, half-hunting, or crystal 
glass cases. Specially made for hunting and rough wear. £20, £25, £30 to £50. 

Thene Watches register the seconds and fifths of a second. 



Manufactures. 161 



CLASS XXIX. 
YABNS AND WOVEN GOODS. 



Cotton Yams and Cloths, Woollen Yarns and Cloths, Linen Yarns 
and Cloths, Blankets, Shawls, Oil Cloths, Carpets, Felts. 



Col. 
Location 

701. Pacific Mills, Lawrence, Mass. C 32 

Printed Cottons. 

Cotton and Worsted, and Woollen Dress Goods Fabrics. 

702. Fernando B. Smith, 180, East Fourth Street, Canton, C 27 

Ohio. 
Bugs. 

703. Merrimac Manufacturing Co., Lowell, Mass. C 32 

Printed Cotton Fabrics. 

704. Lancaster Mills, Boston, Mass. C 32 

Ginghams. 

705. Chicopee Manufacturing Co., Chicopee Falls, Mass. C 32 

U.S.A. 

Brown and Bleached Cotton Flannels. 

706. Coeheeo Manufacturing Co., Dover, N.H. C 32 

Printed Cottons. 

707. Silver Lake Co. Agent, Henry W. Wellington, Boston, C 32 

Mass. 

Solid Braided Sash Cords and Lines. 
Steam Packing. 

708. Atlantic Cotton Mills, Lawrence, Mass. C 32 

Brown and Bleached Sheetings and Shirtings. 



H.P.TRUEFITT,Ltd.,13&14,OWBondSt. 

Extending to Burlington "Arcade), 

HAIRDRESSERS, PERFUMERS, AND ORNAMENTAL 

HAIR MANUFACTURERS. 

CAUTION TO STRANGERS. 

This Firm (Established 1819) has NO CONNECTION with another HOUSE 

of SAME NAME in SAME STREET. 



162 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

709. William P. Ward & Co., 59, Fifth Avenue, New York, A 52 
and 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.G. 

American Braided Edge Hammocks. 

The Braided Edge Hammocks are made from the 
same fibre, and woven in the same manner as the 
Mexican Hammock. In place of the knotted edge we 
use a braided edge, which adds beauty and strength 
to the hammock. Our method of putting on the ends 
prevents slipping. Every hammock is carefully 
adjusted so that each cord will take a portion of the 
strain. Being made from large twine, they are capable 
of sustaining a heavy weight. They will not stretch. 
They always retain their shape. No knots to come in 
contact with the body of the occupant. 



CLASS XXX. 

SILKS AND SILK FABBICS. 

Spun Silk, Woven Silks, Eibbons, &c. Bindings, Braids, Upholsterers' 
Trimmings, &c. 

726. The Women's Silk Culture Association, 1222, Arch D 15 

Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Silk flags, rugs, &c. 

727. Knitted Mattress Company Canton, Mass., or 102, B 32 

Chauncy Street, Boston, Mass. 

Knitted Carpet Lining. 

Knitted Stair Pads. 

Knitted Mattress Pads. 

Knitted Filled Mattresses and Pillows. 

Knitted Table Padding. 

Knitted Filling for Horse and Steam Car Seats. 

Knitted Filling for Church and Carriage Cushions. 

Knitted Filling for Stuffing Upholstered Furniture. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS of BATH, 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Unrivalled in Europe for luxury, Bath being the only spa in which every 
bathing appliance has been adopted. Thermal-vapour, massage, douche, 
atomized water, etc. Eheumatism, Gout, Nervous Debility, Sciatica, and 
all forms of skin affections cured. The Pump Rooms and_ Reading Room 
adjoin the Springs, and a select band plays daily. 

Batli is two-and-a-quarter hours from London by 

Great Western Bailway. 

Letters addressed to the Baths Committee of the Corporation will receive 

every attention. 



Manufactures. 163 



CLASS XXXI. 

CLOTHING, JEWELLEEY, OBNAMENTS, TEAVELLING 

EQUIPMENTS. 

Clothing of all kinds, Boots and Shoes, Hats, Caps and Gloves. 
Millinery, Embroideries, Artificial Flowers, Trimmings, Pins, 
Hooks and Eyes. Fans, Umbrellas, Canes, Pipes, Toys, and 
Fancy Articles. Jewellery, Trunks, Valises, &c. 



Col. 
Location. 

550. G. A. Dean and Co., Attleboro', Mass. Agents, C. F. Veit B 29 

and Co., 28, Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn Circus, London, 
E.C. 

Jewellery. 

751. W. H. Pike, Boom 14, 206, Broadway, New York. A 51 

Self -threading Needles, Watch Protectors, Indelible Mark- 
ing Ink Pencils. 

752. Lincoln Institute, 324, South Eleventh Street, Phila- D 41 

delphia, Pa. 

Shoes, two sets Mats, Splashers, Shams and Pincushions, 
seven pairs Moccasins, one pair Baby Moccasins, five 
Balls, six Bags, one pair Glovet, one Knit Skirt, two 
Baby Mittens and Socks, two pieces Lace, twelve little 
Balls, Turtles and Chain, one Fancy Ball, one Broad 
Chain, three pairs Stockings, one Dress Coat, one Doll 
Baby Suit, one Under Vest, one Night Dress, three 
pair Drawers, two White Aprons, one White Skirt, one 
Baby Sash (knit), one ditto, three Crocheted Silk Balls, 
one Embroidered Scrim Tidy, four Pen Wipers, fourteen 
Baskets, two Boxes (beadwork), two pair Shoes, one pair 
Boots, one Head Platter, Maps. 

753. Fernando B. Smith, 180, East Fourth Street, Canton, C 27 

Ohio. 
Tidies. 

HOT MINERAL BATHS op BATH, 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

The City of Bath offers peculiar advantages to visitors, as there are good 
Hotels, Boarding and Lodging-houses ; Eents are moderate, and the 
houses substantially built. Longleat House, Bowood, Badminton, and 
Marston — the seats of the Marquises of Bath and Lansdowne, the Duke 
of Beaufort, and the Earl of Cork — are within driving distance ; as also 
Tintern, Glastonbury, and Malmesbury Abbeys ; the Cathedrals of Wells, 
Bristol, and Gloucester ; Castles of Berkeley, Thornbury, Chepstow, and 
Eaglan. Good Hunting. 

BATH IS TWO-AND-A-QUARTER HOURS FROM LONDON 3Y G. W. Ry. 



164 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue, 



754. T. H. Bryant, Room 54, 157, Dearborn Street, Chicago, 111. 

American Baby Jumper, combined for swinging, sleeping 
and playing, with adjustable foot-rest and toy-table. 

755. Banning, Canover and Co., 15 and 17, Mercer Street, 

New York. 

Perkins' Adjustable Shawl Strap. 

756. Zylonite Companies, New York. 

Zylonite Fancy Goods. 

757. Salvatore Errico, 31, John Street, New York. 

Works of Art, Jewellery and Fancy Goods. 

758. J. H. Singer, New York. 

Toy Blocks and Games. 

759. Embossing Company, Albany, N.Y. 

Blocks and Games. 

760. Gong Bell Co., East Hampton, Mass. 

Metal Toys. 

761. S. A. Curtis and Co., 713, Sixth Avenue, New York. 

Thermometers of Indian Corn. 
Dolls of Indian Corn Husks. 
Bonbonnieres of Indian Corn and Silk. 
Other articles constructed chiefly of Indian Corn and the 
husks of the same. 

762. Rapid Cash Carrier Co., Detroit and Michigan. 

Rapid Cash Carrier System. 

763. J. and L. Baxter, 731, Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Artificial Flowers and Ostrich Feathers. 

764. MeLoughlin and Co., New York. 

Toy Books and Games. 

765. Ives, Blakesley and Co., New York. 

Mechanical Tcys. 

766. Stirn and Lyon, New York. 



Col. 
Location. 

C45 



C38 

C8 

C20 
C8 
C8 
C8 

C12, 



C8 
C22 
C8 
C8 
C8 



Toys. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS of BATH, 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

Unrivalled in Europe for luxury, Bath being the only spa in which every 
bathing appliance has been adopted. Thermal-vapour, massage, douche,, 
atomized water, etc. Rheumatism, Gout, Nervous Debility, Sciatica, and 
all forms of skin affections cured. The Pump Rooms and Reading Room 
adjoin the Springs, and a select band plays daily. 

Bath, is two-and-a-qnarter hours from London by- 
Great Western Railway. 

Letters addressed to the Baths Committee of the Corporation will receive: 

every attention. 



Manufactures. 165 



Col. 
Location. 

767. W. O. Headly, New York. C 8 

American Trunks. 

768. Cailfield Rubber Co., Bridgeport, Conn., and 70, Basing- B 13 

hall Street, London, E.C. 

Patent Seamless Dress Shields, and Patent "Langtry" 
Folding Bustle. 

769. A. Jugla 24, Coventry Street. London, W, ci-devant New C 23 

' York. 

Kid, Skins, Gloves, Hand-sewn Gloves, Ladies' and Gentle- 
men's American Novelties in Fans, Hosiery, Scarves. 

770. Konigsberger, Palk and Co., San Francisco. C 13 

Jewellery. 

771. Charles L. Lawrence, Broadway, New York. Agent, B 14 

S. Gorer, 113, Edgware Road, London, W. 
Argosy Silver, Manufactured. 

7 72. O. M. Draper, Forth Attleboro, Mass. C 26 

Fire Gilt and Nickel Chains, Seals, Necklets, Fobs, 
Alberts, Lockets, Bars, etc. 

773. Howard and Sons, 102, Orange Street, Providence, R.I. C 26 

Patent Solitaires, Sleeve Links, etc. 
Miscellaneous Jewellery. 

775. Uibel and Barber, 207, Fulton Street, New York, and C 49 

57b, Hatton Garden, London, E.C. 

Sea Bean and Alligator Teeth Jewellery. 

The " Sea Beans" used in the manufacture of these 
goods are washed ashore and gathered on the coast of 
the West Indian Islands. They are naturally of a 
varied and beautiful colour, and are susceptible of an 
extremely high polish, which makes them a unique 
article of jewellery. 

The Alligator Teeth used are from alligators that 
are hunted and killed in the Everglades of Florida 
and the Bayons of Louisiana and Texas, and, when 
polished and mounted, are converted into jewellery. 



HOT MINERAL BATHS op BATH, 

Daily yield of Springs 507,600 galls., at 120 Fahr. 

The Roman Baths, which occupied several acres in extent, have been 
lately uncovered : a portion is still utilised for Baths. These ancient 
Baths are the grandest remains of the Roman occupation of Britain, 
and were built in the first and following centuries, and disused on the 
destruction of Bath a.d. 577. Ancient coins, pottery, and plumbing, the 
latter unrivalled in Rome. 

BATH IS TWO-AND-A-QUARTER HOURS FROM LONDON 

BY G. W. Ry. 



166 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Col. 
Location. 

776. American Braided Wire Co., 64, Church Street, A 38 

Shoreditch, London, E. 
Braided Steel Wire Bustles cr Dress Improvers. 

777. J. H. Knapp, 17, John Street, New York. Agents, C. F. B 29 

Veit and Co., 28, Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn Circus, 
London, E.C. 

Gold, Silver and Aluminium Pencils. 
Gold Pens. 

778. Codding Brothers, North Attleboro', Mass. Agents, B 29 

C. F. Veit and Co., 28, Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn 
Circus, London, E.C. 

Jewellery. 

779. C. W. Livermore, Providence, B.I. Agents, C. F. Veit B 29 

and Co., 28, Bartlett's Buildings, Holborn Circus, London, 
W.C. 

Stylographic Pens, Pencils and Writing Requisites. 

780. Franklyn W. Smith, St. Augustine's, Fla. Agent, D 8 

F. P. Hill. 

Alligator Tooth Jewellery. 

781. Draper and Co.. Providence, R.I. C 26 

Chains. 

782. H. Federgreen, New York. C 15 

Jewellery. 

783. Isaac Fischel, New Orleans, Louisiana. C 17 

Jewellery. 

784. The American Wax Workers (Frank Hatton, pro- 

prietor), 10, Richmond Place, Lillie Road, Fulham, London, B 16 

S.W. 

Wax Flowers. 

785. S. Lubin, Philadelphia. 

Eye Glass Cushion. 

SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Oheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING £-PLATE KEYLESS HALFn 

CHRONOMETER, in massive full-sized case, strong and durable. For all extremes of 
Climate this Watch is invaluable. £10, £12, £15, £18. 

SILVER KEYLESS CENTRE SECONDS STOP WATCH, in strong crystal 
glass, hunting or half-hunting cases, for medical, scientific, and racing men. f-Plate lever, 
chronometer balance, and jewelled in 13 actions. A strong, useful watch. £6, £7, £&. £10. £iz. £i<>. 



Manufactures. 167 

Col. 
Location. 

786. Mrs. Th. Lennartz, New York. B 13 

Leather Goods. 

787. Mariano Labriolo, New York. C 13 

Jewellery. 

788. King, Sons and Co., 407, East Nineteenth Street, New B 20 

York. 

Enamellings, etc. 

789. H. Lehmann and Co., New York, and 48, Hatton Garden, C 19 

London. 

Crocidolite Jewellery. 

790. Wm. O. Headley and Co. Warehouse, Broadway, New C 6 

York; Factory, Newark, N.J. 

Trunks and Bags. 



CLASS 
PAPEE, STATIONEEY, &c. 

Stationery, Blank Books. Writing, Wrapping, Printing and Wall 
Papers. Cards, Cardboard. 



801. Kosmian Manufacturing Co., Boston, Mass., U.S.A. C 34 

" Kosmian Safety Inks," being the only Writing Ink which 
cannot be bleached by chemicals. 

802. P. Hartman, 36, Maiden Lane, New York. C 38 

Patent Inkstand. 

803. J. B. LippinCOtt Co., 715 and 717, Market Street, Phila- B 10 

delphia, Pa. 
Books. 

804. Blair's Company, New York. C 8 

Fountain Pens. 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

SILVER HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING |-PLATE KEYLESS HALF- 

CHRONOMETER, in massive foil-sized case, strong and durable. Foi" all extremes of 
climate this Watch is invaluable. £10, £12, £15, £18. 
SILVER KEYLESS CENTRE SECONDS STOP WATCH, ir. strong crystal 
glass, hunting or half-hunting cases, for medical, scientific, and racing men. f-Plate lever, 
chronometer balance, and jewelled in 13 actions. A strong.^Bseful watch. £6, £7, £8, £io, £12, £15. 



168 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Col. 
Location. 

805. Hinds, Keteham & Co., 91, North Third Street, Brooklyn, B 10 
E.D., N.Y. 

Coloured Labels for Merchandise, Show Cards, Paper 
Boxes, Advertising Novelties, and General Colour 
Printing. 



CLASS XXXIII. 
WEAPONS, ANCIENT AND MODERN. 

Firearms and Ammunition. Sporting Apparatus. 



826. The Gatling Gun Company, Hartford, Conn. c 44 

Two Musket Calibre Gatling Guns, one with ten banrels 
mounted on a carriage, the other with six barrels 
mounted on a tripod. 

827. Bullard Repeating Arms Co., Springfield, Mass. c 44 

Firearms for Military, Hunting, and Target purposes. 
Magazine and Single-Shot Bines. 

828. Frederick Malleson, Brooklyn, N.Y. Sole Wholesale C 43. 

Import Agents for Europe, Wm. Bartleet and Sons, Abbey 
Mills, Redditch. London House : H. Walker, 53, Gresham 
Street, E.C. 

Split Bamboo Salmon and Trout Rods, viz. : — 

In Trout sizes, 10ft. to 12ft., and with cane, cork, 

or cedar and cane inlaid butts. 

Grilse and Salmon Bods, 14ft. to 18ft., in three 

pieces, with two tops. 

THE LONDON GLOVE COMPANY. 



WHOLESALE 
GLOVERS. 



46a, Gbeapside, London, E.C. 



SINGLE PAIRS 
SOLD. 



Are noted for the Best Value and Largest Variety in 

LADIES,' GENTLEMEN'S & CHILDREN'S GLOYES. 

A Detailed Price List will be forwarded post free upon application. 
Warehouse open from 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. 



Manufac tares . 169 



CLASS XXXIV. 

MEDICAL AND SURGICAL APPARATUS. 

Surgical and Dental Instruments and Appliances. Pharmaceutical 
Apparatus. 



Col. 
Location. 



851. The S. S. White Dental Manufacturing Co., Chest- C 11 

nut Street, corner of Twelfth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Porcelain Teeth, Dental Instruments, Dental Chairs, Gold 
Foils, etc. ; Dental Engines, Brackets, Corundum 
Wheels, etc. ; Nitrous Oxide Gas Apparatus, Dental 
Kubbers, Electric Dental Apparatus, Lathes, Cabinets, 
and Mouth Specialities. 

852. Adolph Z. Germains, 24, Windsor Road, Victoria Park, A 41 

London, E. 

An Improved Apparatus and Disinfecting Powder, for dis- 
infecting, fumigating, and similar purposes, adopted by 
Boards of Health, hospitals, etc., as a producer of ozon- 
izing vapours for use in the sick room. 

853. C. A. Frees, 766, Broadway, New York. C 18 

Artificial Limbs and Appliances. 



CLASS XXXV. 
HARDWARE, EDGE TOOLS, CUTLERY, &c. 

Hand Tools and Instruments. Hardware used in Construction. 
Plumbers' and Gasfitters' Hardware. Ships' Hardware. 



876. American Tool Chest Co., New York. C 8 

Tool Chests. 

877. G. and H. Bamett, 21 to 43, Richmond Street, Phila- C 5 

delphia, Pa. 

Files, every one of which is cut by machinery. 



SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 



GENTLEMEN'S GOLD KEYLESS CLOCK WATCHES, of the highest quality, 
striking en passant the hours and quarters, also repeating the hours, quarters, and minutes, 
with perpetual calendar, showing the day of the week, the day of the month, the month and 
phases of the moon ; and also with fly-back seconds chronograph movement for racing, 
engineering, and other purposes. From £175. 



170 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 

Col. 
Location. 

878. A. G. Peck and Co., Coboes, N.Y. C 67 

Hatchets, Axes and Edge Tools. 

879. Yale Lock Co., 3, Adelaide Street, Strand, London, W.C. C 41 

Yale Latches and Locks, for Front and Inner Doors. 

Yale Door and Cupboard Locks. 

Yale Chest Locks. 

Yale Padlocks. 

Yale Time Locks, for Banks and Strong Kooms. 

880. Crescent City Cutlery Works, New Orleans, La. C 42 

Cutlery. 

881. Metallic Engine-Packing Co., 8, Union Court, Old D 58 

Broad Street, London, E.C. 

"Jerome's" Metallic Engine - Packing for Locomotive, 
Marine, and Stationary Engine Piston Rods, and Valve 
Stems. 



CLASS XXXVI. 



MANUFACTURES OF VEGETABLE, ANIMAL, OE 

MINEEAL MATEEIALS. 

India-rubber Goods and Manufactures. Brushes, Ropes and Cordage. 
Wooden and Willow-ware. 



900. United States Metallic Packing Co., 267, South D 47 

Fourth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

Self-adjusting Packing for piston-rods, valve stems and 
plungers, of marine, steamboat, stationary, and loco- 
motive engines, pumps, steam-hammers, etc., etc. 

901. Richmond Cedar Works,^Limited, Richmond, Va. C 41 

Tubs, Buckets, Churns, Measures, Water Cans, Keelers, 
Horse Pails, &c, made from White Cedar Timber, which 
comes from the famous Dismal Swamp of Virginia. 
Patent king oak Well Bucket and patent Stable Pail. 

902. Turner, Day and Woolworth Manufacturing Co., D 29 

Louisville, Ky. 

Handles made of hickory for axes, picks, sledge-hammers, 
hatchets, mattocks, and mining tools. 

903. American Rubber Co., Boston, Mass. C 11 

Rubber Clothing. 



K1K JUUlN JBUJNNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty 

LADIES' GOLD KEYLESS HALF-CHRONOMETERS. In i8-carat hunting, 
half-hunting, or crystal glass cases, plain polished or richly engraved, f-plate, finely jewelled 
movements, chronometer balance, specially adapted for all climates. £1% to £35. 

LADIES' GOLD KEYLESS HUNTING or HALF-HUNTING WATCHES. In 
strong 18-carat gold cases, superior finish, fully jewelled movements. Elegant in appear- 
ance, accurate and reliable. £10 to £21. 



Manufac tures . 1 ' ^ 



f= " Col. 

Location. 

904. Lincoln Institute, 324, South Eleventh Street, Phila- D 14 

delphia, Pa. 
Brooms. 

905. John L. Whiting and Son, High "> ^* B 34 

Street, Boston, Mass. Agents, Thomas Pavitt and Sons, 70, 
Southampton Bow, London, W.C. 
Brushes. 

906 Gillette Barrel Co., 59, Maiden Lane, New York. 

Steel-clad Barrels, Bungs, Vents Skewers Faucets, Clip- 
ping Machines, Tap Valves and Brewers Supplies. 



London, N. 

Turned Wood Boxes, Eastern Wood Novelties, Square 
Locked Corner Boxes, etc. 

909 A Hutchinson and Co., formerly of Newark 

Office in London, 70, Basinghall Street, London, E.C. 

India Bubber ^ ^ of goft 

rubber goods, such as Overshoes and Boots, Mechani- 
cal, Surgical, Stationery, etc., etc 

910. Oswego Indurated Fibre Co., Oswego N.Y^ Agent, 

G. H. Bronson, 36 to 40, York Road, King's Cross, N.W. 
Indurated Ware made from pure wood pulp. 

911. J. H. Taylor and Co., New York. 

Mineral Wool. 

912. A. B. Kamey, 227, Greenwich Street, New York City, N.Y. 

Inlaid Mosaic Woodwork. 



CLASS XXXVII. 
CAEEIAGES, VEHICLES, AND ACCESSORIES. 



and Saddlery, Whips, Spurs, &c. 



A 46 



A 47 



907. Cincinnati Cooperage Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. 

Barrels, Kegs and Staves. 

QHQ TT "R Fstes and Sons, 280, Pearl Street, New York. B 34 

908 ' E ifenS ^Kilne?Brothfr S ; G. N. Goods Station, King's Cross, 



B14 



D43 

D60 

C19 



926. Lineoln Institute, 324, South Eleventh Street, Phila- D 41 
delphia, Pa. 
Saddlery. 



\. 



172 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location, 

927. Woodburn Sarven Wheel Company, Indianapolis, a 22 

Ind. ; Philadelphia, Pa. ; Boston, Mass. ; St, Catharine's, 
Canada. 

Wheels, Spokes, Hubs, and Carriage Timbers. 

The exhibit consists of rows of spoke cases, upon 
which all the different varieties of wheels known are 
ranged in rotation. 

The various component parts of wheels are also 
shown. 

928. C. M. Moseman and Brother, 128, Chambers street, b 22 

New York. 

Harness, Saddles, Bridles, Whips, Trotting, and Pleasure 
Driving Horse Goods. 



929. John J. Knowd, 3824, Warren Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 

One case of Horse Shoes, consisting of Trotting Shoes 
Hunting Shoes, and Eacing Plates. 



B32 



930. McKee and Harrington, New York. c g 

Baby Carriages. 



931. King Wheel Co., 51, Barclay Street, New York. q 33 

Bicycles. 

932. The International Tobogganing Co., Limited, North 

4, Eopemaker Street, E.C. End of 

An artificial Toboggan Slide at work. Grounds 

933. Betteley and Wolf, 42, Old Broad Street, London, E.C, C 62 

and Philadelphia, Pa. 

Betteley's Patent Lock Washer. 

,, ,, Composite Bail Key. 

» ,, Registering Check. 

» » Safety Automatic Railway Coupling. 



934. Hoopes Bros, and Darlington, West Chester, Chester A 19 
County, Pa. 

Wheels, Wheel Timber. 






SIR JOHN BENNETT, 65 & 64, Cheapside, London. 

Watch, Clock, and Jewellery Manufacturer, by Appointment to Her Majesty. 

GOLD KEYLESS CHRONOGRAPH, with fly-back seconds hand, f-plate half- 
chronometer, jewelled in 13 actions. In massive 18-carat hunting, half-hunting, or crystal 
glass cases. Specially made for hunting and rough wear. £20, £25, £30 to £50. 

These Watches register the seconds and fifths of a second 



Education and Scie?ice. 173 



Department V. 



EDUCATION AND SCIENCE. 



CLASS XL. 



EDUCATIONAL APPLIANCES AND APPAEATUS. 

PRINTED BOOKS, &c. 



School Furniture, Maps, Charts, &c. School Books, General Lite- 
rature, Newspapers and Periodicals. 



Col. 

Location. 

951. Rand, McNally & Co., 323, Broadway, New York. A 10 

Maps and Atlases. 

952. Banning, Canover & Co., 15 and 17, Mercer Street, C 38 

New York. 

Standard Noiseless' Slates. 

953. Henry Whitall, Belvidere Seminary, Belvidere, N.Y. A 9 

Whitall's Movable Planisphere. 

WhitalFs Movable Planisphere, with Processional Move- 
meat. 
Whitall's Heliotellers. 

954. State of Rhode Island, Mark H. Wood, Comr., Barring- B 8 

ton Centre, R.I. 

Exhibit of the School System — Books, Documents, Maps, 
Charts, etc. 

955. J. B. Lippineott Co., 715 and 717, Market Street, Phila- B 10 

delphia, Pa. 

Books, more especially Works of Reference and Illustrated 
Books. 

956. Prof. A. E. Foote, M.D., 1223, Belmont Avenue, Phila- A 7 

delphia, Pa. & 

Educational, Scientific and Medical Books. C 8 



174 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Looation. 

957. Colby & Co., 5, Union Square, New York City. B 11 

Adams' Historical Charts, arranged to picture History, so 
that Men, Events and Nations may be located by being 
seen in their decade and century, positions on the Chart, 
giving at a glance the events of the whole world at any 
period. 

The Roller Charts are on linen, so as to extend one foot, or 
twenty-five feet on the wall, with thirteen maps and the 
keys, and fixtures, for family or school use. 

The Portfolio Charts are on linen, to occupy one foot when 
folded, but can be extended the whole length, twenty- 
five feet, with thirteen maps and keys ; all in half mo- 
rocco and cloth covers, for table use. 

The Book Forms of the Charts are bound in cloth and 
paper. 

Also several styles of specially-constructed Stands for 
holding and extending these Historical Charts. 

Also the above Chart in the Spanish language, in various 
styles. 

958. W. and A. K. Johnston, Geographers, Edinburgh and North 

London. End of 

A Map of the United States of America, on the scale of Art 
5.} miles to the inch, measuring 47ft. 4in. by 28ft. 8in. Gallery 
The map is printed on strong floor cloth, in oil colours, Outside 
and was constructed entirely for the American Exhi- 
bition. 



959. C. Frusher Howard, American Exchange, 449, Strand, 
London, W.C. 

Howard's Anglo-American Art of Reckoning, 



All 



960. S. P. Rounds, Chicago. Agent, M. P. McCoy, 7, Water 

Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 

Bound Volume of "Rounds' Printers' Cabinet." 

961. Howard, Lockwood and Co., Luane Street, New York. 

Agent, M. P. McCoy, 7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, 
London, E.C. 

Bound Volume of " American Stationer." 

Do. do. "Book-Maker." 

Do. do. "Paper Trade Journal." 




a 



&^^ R 

TRADE MARK 



Q/Aoud/, Qumy ft 



B46 



B46 




y 



'SUTV& 



ntr^ 






Education and Science. 175 



CLASS XLI. 
INSTITUTIONS AND ORGANIZATIONS. 



Col. 
Location. 



962. American Litho Co., New York. Agent, M. P. McCoy, B 46 

7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 
Bound Volume of the "American Lithographer and 
Printer." 

963. Inland Printer Co., Chicago. Agent, M. P. McCoy, B46 

7, Water Lane, Ludgate Circus, London, E.C. 
Bound Volume of the " Inland Printer." 

964. Macfarlane and Co., 23, Union Square, New York, and B 11 

181, Fleet Street, London, E.C. 
American Publications. 

965. " Galignani's Messenger," Paris and Nice, and 168, D 20 

Strand, London, W.C. 

" Galignani's Messenger." Established 1814. 

966. G. W. Wheatley and Co., London. D 2 

Map showing Ocean Tracks of the World. 



976. The Women's Silk Culture Association, 1222, Arch D 15 

Street, Philadelphia, Pa. 
Eaw Silk, Silk Flags, etc., produced by the Association. 

977. The Chicago and North Western Railway, Chicago, B 5 

ill. 

Miscellaneous Exhibit representing the natural products 
of the Eight States and Territories traversed by the 
Chicago and North Western Railway. m _ 

See descriptive catalogues distributed at Exhibition. 

978. State of Rhode Island. Mark H. Wood, Comr., Bar- B 7 

rington Centre, R.I. 

Illustration of the organisation of the Government of the 
" State and its Cities. Copy of original Deed from Indians, 
with proprietors' agreements, division of lands, lay-out of 
highways, etc., etc. Flora of State in colours. Photo- 
graphs and interiors of Buildings throughout Stats. 
Album of Brown University, the seventh in the land. 

979. Lincoln Institute, 324, South Eleventh Street, Phila- D 41 

delphia, Pa. 
Work made by the Indian Children under instruction at 
this Institution. 

980. State of Colorado. Noel May, Comr., Denver, Colorado. B 5, 6, 7 

Illustration of the Resources of the State of Colorado, 
Natural Specimens, Scenic Photos, etc. 



176 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS XLII. 
SCIENTIFIC & PHILOSOPHICAL INSTKUMENTS. 

Instruments of Precision and Apparatus of Physical Kesearch and 
Experiment. Astronomical Instruments, Nautical Instruments, 
Surveying Instruments, Aeronautical Instruments, Thermometers 
and Barometers, Indicating and Eegistering Apparatus. Gas and 
Water Meters, Logs, Calculating Machines, Weights and Mea- 
sures, Scales, Balances, Clocks and Watches, Optical Instru- 
ments, Lenses and Prisms, Microscopes and Telescopes, Photo- 
graphic Apparatus. 



Col. 
Location. 

1001. T. A. Willson and Co., Reading, Pa. C 13 

Machine-made Interchangeable Steel and Nickel-plated 
Steel Spectacles and Eye-glasses. Spectacles with 
patented compensating temples and patented reinforced 
nose pieces. 

1002. Spencer Optical Manufacturing Co., 15, Maiden c 19 

Lane, New York. 

Spectacles and Eye-Glasses made of the following materials : 
Gold, silver, celluloid, steel, nickel. Frameless Optical 
Lenses, including Magnifying Glasses set in celluloid 
frames, Opthalmoscope Test Lens to show optical defect 
of the eye. Spectacle Cases made from many materials, 
such as celluloid, tin, leather, etc. 

1003. The Polygraph Co. (E. M. Goldsmith and Co., pro- C 13 
prietors), South West Corner, Sixth and Arch Streets, Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 

The Polygraph. 

A new invention, by the aid of which a child of a 
few years can produce drawings which formerly 
required months of study and preparation. At the 
same time its convenience, and the phenomenally 
short time in which designs can be drawn, render 
it of practical benefit to designers, decorators, 
draughtsmen, architects, engineers and artisans 
employed in every manufacturing business. For 
school purposes it combines in itself the qualities 
of straight and curved rules, dividers, protractor 
and scale, besides other auxiliary figures, which 
enable one to produce many results which could 
hitherto only be brought about by the use of 
complicated instruments. It is circular in shape, 
with a diameter of 4gins., made of specially-pre- 
pared brass, and put up in a box, with designs and 
directions for use ; a finer grade enclosed in a metal 
case being nickel-plated and polished. 

1004. Caesar Bros., 32, Park Eow, New York. D 28 

Patent White Enamelled Letters and Numbers for signs. 



Education and Science. Ill 



Col. 
Location. 

1005. Stirn's Photographic Camera, New York. C a 

Instantaneous Photographing. 

1006. Webster and Cornstock Manufacturing Co., C 60 

Chicago, 111. Agent, W. E. Dell and Son, 26, Mark Lane, 
London, E.C. 

One Macdonald's Patent Hydrostatic Level. 

One do. do. do. do. small size. 

1007. The Waterbury Watch (Sales) Co., Limited, 17, C 26 

Holburn Viaduct, London, E.C. 
Waterbury Watches, etc. 

1008. Brown and Sharpe Manufacturing Co., Providence, C 51 

E.I. Agents, Buck and Hickman, Whitechapel Eoad, 
London, E. 

Micrometer and Vernier Calipers, Steel Straight Edges, 
Eules, Squares, Gauges, etc., etc. 

1009. Ansonia Clock Co. Sole European Office, 23, Fore C 29 

Street, London, E.C. 11 to 19, Cliff Street, New York ; 64, 
Washington Street, Chicago. Manufactories: Brooklyn, 
New York, and Ansonia, Conn. 

Nickel Timepieces and Alarms. 
Speciality " The Peep of Day Alarm." 
Black Enamelled Iron Clocks. 
Wood-cased Clocks. 
Bronze Clocks and Bronzes. 
Office Clocks and Eegulators. 
The Wellington Watch. 

1010. The American Camera Co., 399, Edgware Eoad, C 15 

London, W. 

Novelties in Photographic Apparatus, etc. 

Complete Outfits, comprising Camera, Lens, Chemicals 
for Development, with Book of Instructions, from 3s. 6d. 
to 5 guineas. 

The Camunilu, price 1 guinea. An ingenious combination, 
comprising Opiate Camera, Magic Lantern, and enlarg- 
ing Apparatus. 

Improved Dry Plates, Chloride and Opal Plates. 

Photographic Sundries and Appliances. 

1011. Kilburn Brothers, Littleton, N.H. C 16 

Photographs, Stereo Views and Instruments, and Optica 
Instruments. 

1012. The Newhaven Clock Co., New Haven, Conn. C 27 

Nickel, Wood and other descriptions of Lever and Pendu- 
lum Clocks and Eegulators, Clock Movements, and 
Materials of every description. 

1013. The Manhattan Watch Co., 234, Broadway, New York C 27 

Metal and other Watcnew. 



178 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Col. 
Location. 

1014. E. N. Welch Manufacturing Co., Forestville, Conn. c 26 

Clocks, Regulators, etc. 

1015. National Cash Register Co. J- w. Allinson, European c 44 

Agent, 56, Lime Street, Liverpool, and 3, Broad Street 
Buildings, Liverpool Street, London, E.C. 

The National Cash Register Till. 
An Automatic Cash Accountant. 

A Mechanical Invention for Registering, and a complete 
check on the daily cash sales. 

1016. L. K. Leon and Co., 47, Maiden Lane, New York, and C 10 

167, Piccadilly, London, W. 

Optical Goods, showing process of manufacturing lenses 
of crystal, and specialities in patent eye-glasses and 
spectacles. 

1017. Jerome and Co., New Haven, Conn. C 26 

Clocks, etc. 

1018. J. Davis & Co., Cincinnati. J) 15 

American Forecast Barometers. 

1019. Ferdinand Mosser & Co., 105, West Twenty-sixth 

Street, New York. Agents, Lechertier, Barbe & Co., 60, A 50 
Regent Street, London, W. 
The American Improved Pantograph (Patent). 

1020. T. H. Harrison, Boston, Mass. C 15 

Optical Goods in Celluloid. 



CLASS XLIII. 



MUSICAL INSTEUMBNTS. 

Pianos, Organs, Band and Orchestra Instruments, &c. 



1051. Albert Weber, New York. C 22 

Weber Pianofortes. 

Upright Pianos, in three styles of cases, and different 

kinds of woods. 
Grands, in three styles of cases, and different kinds of 

woods. 

1052. The W. W. Kimball Co., Chicago, 111. C 38 

Reed Organs, for parlour and chapel. 



Education and Science. 179 

Col. 
Location. 

1053. Bstey Organ Co., Brattleboro, vt. C 28 

Ten Estey Organs and Three Estey Pianos. 

One Style 23 Organ, 2£ Sets of Keeds, with Coupler 
and Sub-bass. 

One Style 63 do., 2£ do. 

One Style 169 do., 3 do. 

One Style 432 do., 3 do. 

One Style 610 do., 3 do. Pipe Top. 

One Style 100 do., 3£ do. 

One Style 910 do., 7 do. 

One Style 340 do., 4 do., with Pedal Bass, Two 
Manuals. 

One Style 915 do., 7 do., Pipe Top, do. do., Two 
Manuals. 

One Style 1,000 do., 10 do. do. do., Three Manuals. 

One Style 3 Piano. 

One Style 5 do. 

One Style 7 do. 

1054. Merritt Gaily, New York. Agents, Geo. Whight and B 16 

Co., 143, Holborn Bars. 

1. The Orchestrone, style 26b, actuated by pedals to play 
mechanically. Contains 2 sets reeds, 52 notes, 8 stops, 
viz., diapason, melodia, flute, viola, dolce, dulciana, sub- 
bass, motor, and re-roll ; it also contains patented 
automatic expression-valves. 

2, The Bijou Orchestrone (hand instrument). 

1055. Beethoven Piano-Organ Company, Washington, C 17 

Warren Co., N.J. 

Reed Organs and Parlour Furniture Frames. 

1056. Hiram W. Alleger, Washington, N.J. B 42 

American Parlour and Chapel Organs. 

1,057. Mechanical Organnette Co. Agents, G. Whight and B 16 

Co., 143, Holborn Bars, London, E.C. 

The iEolian Combination Organ, to play either mechanic- 
ally or by the ordinary keyboard, or by the two parts in 
combination. 

iEolian Combination Organ of improved construction. 
Manufactured for the patentees by Messrs. Mason and 
Hamlin, of Boston. 

JEolian Cabinet, actuated by pedals, with new patented air 
motor for propelling the music. 

Orchestral Cabinet, style No. 2. 

Orchestral Cabinet, style Ne, 0. 

Mandoline Organ. 

Boudoir Celestma. 

Celestina (Hand Instrument). 

Musette ( do. ). 

1058. J. E. Brewster. C 37 

Banjos. 



180 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



CLASS XLIV. 



ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE. 



1060. Franklyn W. Smith, St. Augustine, Ma. 
Frederick P. Hill. 



Agent, 



Sketches, Plans and Elevations of new Spanish Hotels 
in St. Augustine, Ma., with Photographs of Buildings 
and Surroundings. 



Department VI. 



PINE ARTS. 

SEE ART CATALOGUE FOR LIST OF ENTRIES. 



CLASS XLVI. 
SCULPTURE. 

CLASS XLVII. 
DRAWING. 

CLASS XLVIII. 
PAINTING. 

CLASS XLIX. 
ENGRAVING. 

CLASS L. 
PHOTOGRAPHY. 



Col. 
Location. 

D 8 



1075. Henry Van der Weyde, of New York, 182, Regent 

Street, London, W. 

" Galatea," an artistic mystery, representating Miss Mary 

Anderson's impersonation. 
Specimens of Portrait Photography by the Electric Light. 
Specimens of " The Van der Weyde Gravure." 



D25 



Fine Arts. 181 



Col. 
Location. 

1076. Wirths Bros., ; 332, Broadway, New York, and 15, Long B 13 

Lane, London, W.C. 

Christmas Cards, Easter Cards, Birthday Cards, Art Novel- 
ties, Artists' Studies, etc. 

1077. Harry Edwin, London and New York. C 11 

"Ye Olden Time " Silhouette Portraits. 

Cut with scissors from the subject's face in half-a- 
mrnufce, and then mounted on white cards, forming a 
complete contrast in "black and white," and giving 
rise to the name of " Shadow Pictures." 

1078. J. H. Weston, New York. B 45, C 15, C 28 

Photographs of American Scenery. 

COMPLIMENTARY LIST. 
Treloar & Sons, 68, 69, 70, Ludgate Hill, E.c. 

The Door Mats in use at the Exhibition are Made of 
unbleached Coco Fibre by this Firm. 

Anglo-American Brush Electric Light Co., Belvedere 

Boad, Lambeth, S.E. 

The Electric Lighting of the Eastern Section of the 
Exhibition. 

Thomson Houston Electric Light Co. 

The Electric Lighting of the Eastern Section of the 
Exhibition. 

Messrs. Chatwood & Sons, 76, Newgate-street, E.C. 

Fire and Burglar-proof Safes lent for use in the Exhibition 
Offices. 

Lincrusta-Walton General Decorating Co., 19, Old 

Cavendish Street, W. 

The Decoration of the Director-General's Eoom. 

Messrs. Shand, Mason & Co., 75, Upper Ground Street, 
Blackfriars. 

Fire Extinguishing Appliances. 

R. Bowman, 91 to 99, Fulham Koad, S.W. 
Office Furniture. 

The Harden Star and Sinclair Fire Appliance Co., Ltd., 

114, Cannon Street, London, E.C. 
Grenades and Fire Extincteurs. 

Fred. Stent 18, Parliament Street, London, S.W. 

Portable House for use of Medical Director, 44ft. X 48ft., 
in the Gardens. 

State Line. Gibbons and Saunders, London Agents, 22, Cookspur C 2 

Street, London, S.W. 

Model of s.s. Nebraska, the vessel which brought over the 
" Wild West." 



182 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS 

A Texas Eanch — Lassoing Cattle 

Capitol of the United States at Washington 

Chicago — Entrance to Harbour 

Cincinnati (with Suspension Bridge) 

City of St, Louis, the Metropolis of the Mississippi Valley 

Cotton— The Plant, the Bloom, the Boll, Picking, Ginning and Pressing 75 



PAGE. 

79 
61 

83 
81 

87 



Florida Orange Grove, A 

Fort and Trading Post in the Far West 

Giant Geyser, The 

Grand Canon of the Colorado 

Harvesting Wheat in the West. . 

In the Pine Woods.— Collecting Turpentine, Making Tar, 

Indian Life 

Landing of the Pilgrims 

Lower part of the City of New York, from the Bay 

On the left is Castle Garden, the landing depot of emigrants ; 
next are the Battery Park, the United States Barge Office, 
and the Staten Island and Brooklyn Ferry Houses. The 
East Biver Bridge is seen on the right. 

Marriage of Pocahontas 

Mound at Marietta, Ohio 

Making Maple Sugar 

Oil Industry. — Petroleum Wells 

Pilgrims Marching to Meeting . . 

Philadelphia, from Fairmount Park 

Penn, William 

Sir Walter Ealeigh 

Sugar Cane 

Tobacco 

Ybsemite Valley . . 



77 
85 
90 
88 
64 
76 
31 
38 
47 



35 
33 

66 
69 
40 
71 
49 
51 
78 
74 
89 



Index to Exhibitors. 



183 



INDEX TO EXHIBITORS. 



Names. 



Col. Loc. 



Acme Buttonhole Attach Co. C 47 
Adams and Westlake Manu- 
facturing Co C 42 

Adamson, W C 15 

Allen and Ginter C 65 

Alsing, J. R C58 

American Braided Wire Co. A 38 
and p. 166. 

American Camera Co C 15 

American Litho Co B 46 

American Machine Co C 30 

American Press Association... C 52 

American Rubber Co Cll 

American Tool Chest Co. ... C 8 

American Wax Workers B 16 

American Wine Co B 68 

Andriai, J. M D 36 

Anshutz, Bradberry and Co. D 35 

Armour Canning Co B 65 

Atlantic Cotton Mills C 32 

Atmospheric Churn Co C 39 

and pp. 128, 144, 160. 

Austin, Baldwin and Co C 34 

Autocopyist Co C 18 

Ayer, Harriett Hubbard B 35 

Babcockand Wilcox Co D 55 

Bailey, C. J., and Co..... B 52 

Bailey Wringing Machine Co. C 43 

Baker, W., and Co B 63 

Banning, Conovtr and Co. ... C 38 

and pp. 164, 173. 
Barnard and Lees Manufac- 
turing Co C 60 

Barnet, G. and H C 5 

Batchelor, Son and Co C 30 

Baugh and Sons B 36 

and pp. 126, 149. 

Baxter, J. and L C 22 

Beethoven Piano and Organ 

Co C17 

Bergner and Engel Brewing 

Co B69 

Berlin Machine Works C 57 

Burpee W. Atlee, and Co 

Betteley and Wol f C 62 

Bickford and Half mawn C 66 

Bissell Carpet Sweeping Co. C 41 

BlairsCo C 8 

Blatchley, C. G C 67 

Bornstein, H C 13 

Bowman, R 

Bozrah Mineral Spring Co.... A 63 



Page 

136 

160 
157 
115 
129 
155 

177 
175 
158 
142 
170 
169 
166 
120 
121 
159 
119 
161 
121 

158 
139 
149 

140 
134 
159 
119 

158 



125 
169 
124 
118 

164 

179 

119 
129 
115 
172 
125 
158 
167 
145 
136 
181 
121 



Names. 



Bradley, Barker and Co 

Brewster, J. E 

Bristol Brass and Lamp Co... 
Bristol Pump and Engine Co. 

Brohet, Jos. A., and Co 

Brooke, B., and Co 

Brown and Sharpe Manufac- 

facturing Co 

Brush Electric Light Co 

Bryant, T. H 

Bullard Repeating Arms Co.. 
Burroughs, Welcome and Co. 
Burton and Co 

Caisar Bros 

Cameron, Amberg and Co.... 

Canfield Rubber Co 

Castle Sweeper Co. 

Cathery, Chas 

Chadborn andCaldwell Manu- 
facturing Co 

Chambers Bros, and Co 

Charter, Gait and Tracey ... 

Chatwood and Sons 

Chesebrough Manufacturing 
Co 

Chicago and N.W. Railway 

Co 

and pp. 115, 127, 128, 153, 
175. 

Chicopu Manufacturing Co... 

Cibil's Beef Co. 

Cincinnati Cooperage Co 

Clarke, Samuel 

Clarke and Wellington 

Cochico Manufacturing Co... 
and p. 162 

Codding Bros 

Cohen, I. and M 

Coldby and Co 

Collins and Thompson 

Columbia Type- Writer Co. ... 

Compton, Professor 

Conacher, Alex 

Cooper, F. W 

Coupe, W., and Co 

Crescent City Cutlery Works 

Crockford, A. H 

Crompton Loom Works 

Curtis, S. A., and (Jo 

Cushman, Chuck and Co 

Cyclostyle Co 



Col. Loc. 


Page 


D48 


144 


C37 


179 


C26 


155 


C53 


144 


C 19 


113 


D56 


151 


C51 


177 




181 


C45 


164 


C44 


168 


C37 


152 


B64 


120 


D28 


176 


C40 


156 


B 13 


165 


D42 


159 


A 52 


153 


C68 


124 


C60 


131 


C55 


146 




181 


C36 


153 


B 5 


113 


C32 


161 


B58 


121 


A 47 


171 


B43 


155 


C33 


129 


C32 


161 


B29 


166 


A 16 


117 


Bll 


174 


A 8 


126 


C35 


137 


C38 


126 


C 57 


145 


B39 


152 


C51 


140 


C42 


107 


D 59 


140 


C52 


133 


C12 


164 


C51 


131 


C44 


139 



184 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Names, 



Col. Loc. 



Damkochler A 56 

Davies, J., and Co B 12 

Davies's Vertical Feed Sew- 
ing Machine Co C 46 

Dean, G. A., and Co B 29 

Defries Safety Lamp and Oil f B 27 

Co JB28 

Doane and Wellington D 43 

Dodge Manufacturing Co. ... C 60 

Dollard, T., and Co C 45 

Domestic Sewing Machine Co. C 49 
Dougherty Railway Equip- 
ment Co C 62 

Douglas, W. and B C 31 

Downie Boiler Incrustation 

Preventive Co D 56 

Draper and Co C 26 

and p. 166. 

Dunham and Wood A 64 

Duplex Shoe Trimming Co... C 50 

Detroit Emery Wheel Co. ... A 53 

Edgerton Motor Co B 31 

Edwin, Harry C 11 

Electric Gas Lighting Co C 33 

Electrine Co B 46 

Embossing Co, C 8 

Empire Electric Co C 7 

Enterprise Manufacturing Co. C 30 

Errico, Salvatore C 20 

Estey Organ Co C 28 

Estis and Sons, E. B B 34 

Etherington, J. B., and Co.... B 32 

and p. 157. 
Eureka Ice Machine Refrige- 
rating Co B39 

Everitt, James, and Co D 42 

Exhaust Ventilator Co D 65 

Fahrig, Herman A 43 

and p. 160. 

Fairbank Canning Co B 66 

Federgrun, H C 15 

Feilds, C. W., and Co C 49 

Felton, C. H C 51 

Fischel, Isaac C 17 

Fisk, Samuel C 51 

Flexible Glass Co C 21 

Florence Machine Co C 30 

and p. 158. 

-.. . ™ ( C 9 and A 6 

Foote ' A ' E jC7and C 8 

Frus,C. F C18 

Galignani's Messenger D 26 

Gaily, Professor Merritt B 16 

Gandy's Belt Manufacturing 

Co A 48 

GatlingGunCo C 44 

Germains, A. Z A 41 

Gillette Barrel Co A 46 

Golding and Co B 46 

Gong Bell Co C 8 

Gordon and Dillworth B 61 

Gray, William H C 42 



Page 

139 

178 

136 
163 

152 
156 
160 
141 
139 
135 

146 
144 

151 

165 

121 
134 
133 

142 
181 
141 
151 
164 
141 
124 
164 
179 
165 
153 



145 
i54 
140 

142 

119 
166 
135 
160 
166 
123 
155 
135 

127 
173 
169 

175 
179 

141 
168 
169 
171 
139 
164 
119 
144 



Names. 



Col. Loc. 



Greenway and Son C 35 

Guion and Co C 5 

Hall Type-Writer Co C 45 

Hammond Type- Writer Co... C 45 

Hancock Inspirator Co C 31 

Harden Star and Sinclair 

Fire Appliance Co D 34 

and p. 181. 

Harrison, Thomas, and Co.... C 15 

Hartmann, P C 38 

Hartshorn, Stewart C 39 

Hayes, E. A C 38 

Hayes, John C 13 

Hazard, E. C, and Co B 56 

HeadleyandCo C 6 

Headley, W. O C 8 

Henderson Bros B and C 5 

Hinds, Ketcham and Co B 10 

Hiram, Holt and Co C 30 

Holt, Childs, and Brotherton B 6 

Hoopes Bros, and Darlington A 19 

Horton and Son Co C 51 

Howard, C. Frusher A 11 

Howard, Lockwood and Co... B 46 

Howard and Sons C 36 

Howes and Ewell C 56 

Hutchinson and Co, B 14 

Hygeia Sparkling Distilled 

Water Co B 30 

Imperial Fire Extinguisher 

Co. C36 

Imperial Hair Regenerator - 

Co B34 

Inland Printer B 46 

International Tobogganing 

Co. (North end of grounds) 
International Terra Cotta 

LumberCo A 32 

Ives, Blakesley and Co C 45 

Jerome and Co C 26 

Johnson Fluid Beef Co C 71 

Johnson Harvester Co C 68 

Johnston, W. and A. K. (North 
end of Art Gallery, outside*) 

Judson, Charles C 35 

Jugla, A C 23 

Karney, A. B C 19 

Keating, D. E C 52 

Keep, C. D C 38 

Kilburn and Jacobs Manufac- 
turing Company C 67 

Kilburn Bros C 16 

Kilvert, N., and Sons B 59 

Kimball, W. L., and Co B 55 

Kimball, W. W., and Co C 38 

King, Sons and Co B 20 

Kinney Tobacco Co B 55 

Knapp, John H B 29 

Knight and Co A 57 

Knitted Mattress Co B 32 

Knott, Kennard and Francis. C 54 



Page 

152 
146 

138 
138 
143 

151 

178 
167 
157 
145 
178 
119 
167 
165 
146 
168 
124 
128 
172 
131 
174 
174 
165 
126 
171 

120 



152 

148 

175 

172 

127 
164 

178 
120 
123 

174 
149 
165 

171 
133 
149 

126 
177 
121 
115 
178 
167 
115 
166 
118 
162 
146 



Index to Exhibitors. 



185 



Names. 



Col. Loc. 



Knowd, J. J B 32 

Konigsberger Falk and Co.... C 13 

Koko Maricopas Co B 34 

Kosmain Manufacturing Co.. C 34 

Kuster, Uriah C 50 

Labriola, Mariano C 13 

Lancaster Mills C 32 

Lawrence, Charles L B 14 

Leeds, Louis W C 52 

Leffingwell, John G C 55 

Lehmann and Co C 19 

Lennartz, Mrs. T. H B 13 

Leon, L. K. and Co CIO 

Leonard and Ellis D 56 

and p. 151. 

Libby, McNeil and Libby B 66 

Livermore, C. W B 29 

Lincoln Institute f D 41 

and p. 175. 1 D 14 

Lincrusta - Walton General 

Decorating Co 

Lippincott, J. B., Co., B 10 

Lloyd Suppife Hardware Co.. A 45 

Lubin, S C 14 

Lucas, John, and Co C 37 

Lyon Manufacturing Co B 52 

and p. 155. 

MacFarline and Co B 11 

MacKellar, Smith and Jordan B 46 

Magee Furnace Co B 32 

Mallabone, John B 42 

Malleson, Frederick C 43 

Manhattan Watch Co C 27 

Mathews, John C 24 

Mattocks, Charles P B 59 

McKee and Harrington C 8 

McKesson and Robbins C 36 

McLoughlin and Co C 8 

M'Coy, M.P B46 

Mechanical Organ ette Co. ... B 16 

Megill, E. L B46 

Mellin, Bray and Co C 67 

Merrimack Manufacturing 

Co C32 

Metallic Engine Packing Co. j j) 50 

Miller, E. L B 46 

Miller's Falls Co C 51 

Morgan, Enoch, and Sons B 33 

Morris Little and Sons A57 

Morse Bros C 40 

Morse Twist Drill Co C 51 

Mosler Safe and Lock Co. ... C 41 

Moseman, C. M., and Bros. ... B 22 

Mosser, F., and Co A50 

Moxie Nerve Food Co B 67 

Murphy, C. J B 38 

Nash, Duanitt H „ C 66 

National Cash Register Co.... C 44 

Nell, Frederick D 55 

Newhaven Clock Co C 27 



Page 



172 
165 
149 
167 
136 

167 
161 
165 
160 
133 
167 
167 
178 
140 

119 
166 
163 
171 

181 
167 
173 
123 
166 
149 
152 



175- 

137 

154 

156 

168 

177 

118 

119 

172 

151 

164 

138 

179 

138 

141 

161 
146 
171 
138 
133 
149 
153 
159 
131 
154 
172 
178 
118 
145 

124 
178 
141 
177 



Names. 



Col. Loc. 



Newhome Sewing Machine 

Co B 47 

New York Boat Oar Co B 35 

and p. 146. 
New York Novelty and 

Speciality Co C 38 

New York Produce Exchange B 60 

( C 5 

Northern Pacific Railway Co. < A ^ 

Norton Door Check and 

Spring Co B 52 

Novelty Manufacturing Co. C 38 
Noye, J. T., Manufacturing 

Co C 60 

Oneida Engine Co C 51 

Oswego Indurated Fibre Co. D 34 

Pacific Mills C 32 

Peat, Mrs. A. J C 12 

Peck and Co., A. J C 67 

Pennsylvania State Mineral 

Exhibit A 5 

Pike, William H fD49 

and p. 163. \ A 51 

Polygraph Co C 13 

Post Sewing Machine Co. ... C 59 

Pratt and Whitney Co C 51 

Rand, McNally and Co A 10 

Rapid Cash Carrier C 8 

Reeves, Parvin and Co B 65 

Richmond Cedar Works C 41 

Ricker, Hiram, and Sons C 34 

Rochester Lamp Co C 34 

Rounds, S. B B 46 

Russia Cement Co B 51 

Rust, E. H C 42 

Ryder, Seth Boughton C 61 

San dberg, Christie P C 45 

Schlicht and Field Co C 40 

Schram Bros, and Co C 6 

Seabury and Johnson B 35 

Seneca Falls Manufacturing 

Co D60 

Seven Thirty Mines B 7 

Shand, Mason and Co 

Shipman Export Engine Co. C 31 

Siccardi, Giovanni B D 51 

Silver Lake Co C 32 

Simpson, J. S. and G. F C 59 

Sinclair, A. W B 52 

Singer, J. H C 8 

Singer Manufacturing Co. ... C 47 

Smith, Anthony, Stove Co.... D 37 

Smith, Fernando B C 27 

and pp. 143,154,161, 163. 

Smith, Franklin W D 8 

and pp. 166, 180. 
Smith, G. F., Middlings Puri- 
fier Co C 60 

Smith, R. H., Manufacturing 

Co C45 

Spencer Blueing Paddle Co. 40 



Page 



135 
113 



158 
115 
115 
128 

155 

154 

125 

131 

171 

161 

117 
170 

128 
154 
157 
176 
136 
131 

173 
164 
118 
170 
119 
154 
174 
117 
141 
159 

146 
154 
154 

148 

133 

128 
181 
139 
146 
161 
125 
156 
164 
135 
159 
133 

117 



125 

137 
159 



186 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



Names. 



Col. Loc. Page 



Spencer Optical Co C 19 

Spratt's Patent (American) B 68 

and pp. 120, 126, 153. 
Stanley's Patent Fireproof 

Roof Co A40 

State Line 

CB 5 

State of Colorado < B 6 

(B 7 
State of Rhode Island JB 8 

and pp. 173, 175. ( B 7 

Stent's Patents Limited A 40 

and p. 181 
Stirn's Photographic Camera C 8 
Stirn and Lyon C 8 

fetoner, J. B j q qq 

Stout, Mills and Temple C 60 

Streeter, E. W C 16 

Tachauand Co B 68 

Taylor and Co D 60 

Thompson, La Marcus A. 

(outside) 

Thomson, Houston Electric 

Light Co 

ThonetBros A 14 

Thorn Machine Co C 52 

Tourton, J. L C 17 

Treloar and Sons 

Turner, Day and Woolworth 

Manufacturing Co D 29 

Uibel and Barber C 49 

Ullman, J B 9 

United States Metallic Pack- 
ing Co... D47 

Universal Simplex Type 

Winter Limited C 44 

Ussher,W. H B 57 

Vacuum Oil Co B 36 

Van Der Weyde, Henry D 25 

Vincent, Di Marzo A 43 

Vogeler, Chas. A., Co C 20 

Ward, W. P., and Co A 52 

and p. 162. 



176 
115 



160 
181 
113 
128 
175 
113 
127 
160 

146 
164 
153 
125 

146 

128 

175 
171 

145 

181 
157 
137 
136 
181 

170 

165 
118 

170 

139 

120 

148 
180 
157 

148 

152 



Names. 



Col. Loc. Page 



Waring, Richard , A 42 

Warner, William R. and Co. C 38 

Warwick and Stanger A 53 

Waterbury Rubber Co D 50 

Waterbury Watch Sales Co. C 26 

Weber, Albert, Estate of C 22 

Webster and Cornstock 

Manufacturing Co C 60 

Welch, E. H., Manufacturing 

Co C26 

Western Union Telegraph Co. B 17 

(B 45 

Weston, Thomas < C 15 

(C48 

Wheatly and Co D 2 

Wheeler and Wilson Manu- 
facturing Co C 47 

Wheelcock, Jerome C 54 

Whillams and Co A 39 

Whitall, Henry A 9 

White, S. S., Dental Manu- 
facturing Co C 11 

Whiting, John L., and Son... B 34 

Whitney, A., and Sons D 54 

Williams Bros C 67 

Williams, O. L C 56 

Wilson, T. A., and Co C 13 

Wing, L. J C 61 

Winslow Packing Co B 59 

Wirths Bros B13 

Withington and Cooley Manu- 
facturing Co C 63 

Women's Silk Culture Asso- 
ciation D 15 

and pp. 162, 175. 

Wood, Walter A C 64 

Woodburn Sarven Wheel Co. A 22 
Woodhouse, D. A., Manufac- 
turing Co C 38 

Wooton Desk Manufacturing 

Co B52 

Wyckoff, Seamans and Bene- 
dict B48 

Yale Lock Co '.. C 41 

Zj lonite Companies C 8 



147 
143 
133 
144 
177 
178 

177 

178 
143 

181 

175 

136 
140 
157 
173 

169 
171 
145 
126 
134 
176 
143 
118 
181 

124 

121 

123 



148 
15© 
138 
170 
164 



BY SPECIAL APPOINTMENT. 




o, 



ARMY & NAVY OUTFITTERS. 



BENNETT&C? 

«* bailors, *■ 

HABIT MAKERS TO THE QUEEN, 

44, CONDUIT STREET, W, 








SPECIA 



THE BEST HOUSl 



FOR 



CHOICE l 



-.^ND 



ELEGANT 




THE 




FTJB ST^ 



A PO 




ivatones in the Exhibiti 




Since using Pears' 
Soap I have discarded 
all others. 




Advertisements. . 187 



THE 



OF PHILADELPHIA. 



ESTABLISHED 181C 



Accumulated & Invested Funds, £479.553 17s. 9^- 



Directors* 

THOMAS H. MONTGOMERY, Esq., President, ■ Ardrossan, Pennsylvania. 
ALEXANDER BIDDLE, Esq. (late President, Board of City Trusts), 

Philadelphia. 
JOSEPH E. GILLINGHAM, Esq. (President Mortgage Trust Company), 

Philadelphia. 
P. S. HUTCHINSON, Esq. (Messrs. P. S. Hutchinson & Co.), Philadelphia. 
JOHN T. LEWIS, Esq. (Messrs. J. T. Lewis & Bros.), Philadelphia. 
ISRAEL MORRIS, Esq., Philadelphia. 

CHARLES P. PEROT, Esq. (Messrs. L. Knowles & Co.), Philadelphia. 
CHARLES S. WHELEN, Esq. (Messrs. Townsend, Whelen, & Co.), 

Philadelphia. 
SAML. WELSH, Jun., Esq., Kennelworth, near Philadelphia. 

Secretary— Actuary— 

Richard Maris, Esq. J. B. Young, Esq. 



The Company insures against loss or damage by Fire 
nearly every description of property in the United King- 
dom, at rates corresponding to the nature of the risk. 

LONDON BRANCH OFFICES— 

32, CORNHILL, LONDON, EX. 

J. H. MIDDLETON, 

Manager. 

* APPLICATIONS FOR AGENCIES INVITED. 



188 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



MARSHALL k SNELGROYE, 

^tik Jitemrs, (Smral & Jfattrj Brap^rs, 

LACEMEN, HOSIERS, FURRIERS, 

Cloak & Mantle Manufacturers, Ladies' & Gentlemen's 
Outfitters, Carpet Warehousemen, &c, &c. 

ORIENTAL CARPETS, RUGS AND TAPESTRIES 
In very great variety, imported direct. 
— 

family anb Complimentary flDourning, 

MILLINERY AND COURT DRESSES. 

HOUSEHOLD LINEN OF EVERY DESCRIPTION. 




C-4 

a 
a 

r 
w 
w 



oa 
oo 



MARSHALL & SNELGROVE are now shewing some beautiful 
Goods, specially manufactured for the Jubilee year, with emblems 
of the United Kingdom woven in Silks, Ribbons, Carpets, and 

other Fabrics. 

SPECIAL NOVELTIES IN EVERY DEPARTMENT. 

American and Colonial visitors to London are cordially invited to 

visit the splendid premises — 

10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 & 20, Yere Street, 

18, 19 & 20, Henrietta Street, 

334, 336, 338, 340, 342, 344, 346 & 348, Oxford Street, 

LONDON, W. 

BRANCH HOUSES AND AGENCIES- 
SCARBOROUGH, LEEDS, PARIS, LYON, BRUXELLES. 



Advertisements. 



189 



WATER LOO HOUSE k SWAN _UD™. 

SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS 



.<? 



#r% 



% 




FOR 






LADIES' 



AND 



GENTLEMEN'S 



, *<9R^' 




SiSS^- 



HOSIERY, CLOVES, & OUTFITTING. 

PURE S^jF^IiinjiDERWEAR, 

In everysize and substance, from lightest summer weight to the Extra Heavy 
Twenty Threads. In Gentlemen's Vests and Drawers, also in Ladies 

Combinations. 
-" These Goods are confidently recommended as being the Best and 
Cheapest in London ; and are quoted at Prices which Defy Competition. 

SHIBTS, 

Of every description, ready made or made to measure. 
32s., 38s., 44s., 50s., 56s., per Half Doz. 

NIGHT SHIRTS, TENNIS SHIRTS, AND PYJAMAS, 

In Silk, Wool, and Indian Flax. 

A Large Stock of Ladies' and Gentlemen's Real Balbriggan 

Hosiery. 

DENTS BEST KID, CHEVRETTE, DOGSKIN, AND DRIVING GLOVES 

FOR GENTLEMEN'S WEAR. 

Courvoisier'0 Ikifc anb 5uet>e (Sloves, 

In every length and shade for Ladies Wear. 

LADIES' PURE SILK HOSE, 

8s. lid. Per Pair. 

LADIES' PUEE SILK HOSE, 

"With Open-work Lace Fronts, lOs. 6d. Per Pair. 

Waterloilo^ 

PICCADILLY AND REGENT STREET. 

S. ROLFE, Manager. 



190 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



HAMM ERLESS GUNS 

SELF-EJECTOR HAMMERLESS GUNS & RIFLES. 




Also on Greener's Patent, 
Westley Richards, A. 
Anson, and others. 



This Gun ejects only the discharged case, after being fired or both at the same 

time, 12, 16, 20, or 28 Bore. 

Best Quality Double Gun, £42. Second Quality, £32. 

Hammers below line of sight, Snap Action, from 10 Guineas. 

PLAINER QUALITIES FOR KEEPERS AND COLONIAL USE 

WILD FOWL GUNS. 
ELEPHANT AND TIGER RIFLES, 

EXPRESS DOUBLE AND SINGLE RIFLES, 

•360, '400, '450, -500, and -577 Bore. 

BOOK AND RABBIT BIFLES, 

Hammerless and Top Lever Actions. 

MAGAZINE RIFLES AND SHOT GUNS 

"Winchester," "Lightning," " Marlin," and " Spencer," Patents. 

REGULATION SELF-EXTRACTING REYOLYERS. 

REVOLVERS FOR POCKET & HOUSE PROTECTION. 

Loaded Cartridges and Empty Cases at Low Prices. 

Illustrated Price Lists Free. 

E. M. REILLY & Co., 

(By Special Appointment to H.M. the King of Spain, and H.M. The King of Portugal, 
and by Letters Patent to H.M. King of the Netherlands), 

(Sun anJ> IRifTe manufacturers, 
16, NEW OXFORD STREET, W.C 

277, OXFORD STREET, LONDON; AND PARIS. 



x 

H 5 



Advertisements. 



191 



F. V. NICHOLLS &■ CO., 

SADDLERY SPECIALITIES. 




i. 



THE LEVEL SEAT" SIDE SADDLE, 

Giving ease and comfort to horse and rider, with perfect safety 

appliances, as recommended in the popular works, "Ladies on 

Horseback " and " Biding for Ladies." 

Tnnsolicitefc {Testimonial. 

" From Colonel Hammond, 5th Punjah Cavalry, Dera Ismael Khan. 

" India, March 4th, 1887. 

" The Side Saddle you supplied to my wife last year is a 
toeauty. I never saw so neat and well-fitting a Side Saddle before, 
yet so light and comfortable. Mrs. Hammond is delighted with it." 

GENTLEMEN'S "NARROW GRIP" SADDLES, 

Of which that eminent horseman, Colonel P., writes : " There is 

no doubt these Saddles are the best in Europe " for Military, Hunting, 

Park, Polo, Steeplechase, Pacing and Travelling. 

PATENT SAFETY SADDLE BARS for Cross and Side Saddles. 

PATENT SAFETY STIRRUPS. 

THE NEW SAFETY HABIT GUARD for Side Saddles. 

THE POCKET DUMB JOCKEY. 

WINDSUCKING and CRIB-BITING APPARATUS. 

PATENT GRADUATED FINE SOFT SADDLE NUMNAHS. 

NEW SYSTEM of SADDLE PANELLING. 

SECOND HAND AND SOILED SADDLES FOR AMERICA. 



MANUFACTORY FOR 



SADDLES, HARNESS, AND ALL STABLE REQUISITES, 

2, JER MYN STREET, LONDO N 3.W. 

ILLUSTRATED PRICE LISTS PRZEIE 03T APPLICATION. 



192 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 




W. SPAMES HALL (fcCO.'S 

HUNTING, 

SHOOTING & FISHING 

BOOTS 

Are made of the best quality and work- 
manship, and at moderate prices for^cash. 

Lasts made and retained for Customers, 
so that Goods can be forwarded to any 
part of the World. 



W. SPARKES HALL & CO., 

BOOTMAKERS to H.R.H. the PRINCE of WALES, 

Hear the Langham Hotel. 



Advertisements. 193 



HUMPHREYS, 

ALBERT GATE, KENSINGTON ROAD, 8.W. 

Jron Builbings Contractor 

TO THE EXECUTIVE COUNCIL OF THE AMERICAN EXHIBITION, 



ALSO 



Builder of the Fisheries, Health, Inventions, and 
Colonial and Indian Exhibitions. 

(Specially appointed by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales.) 



J. CHARLTON HUMPHREYS, 

Head Offices and Works, Albert Gate, 

Hyde Park. 

American Exhibition Office in the Grounds, open daily. 



Duplicate Iron Buildings, the same as those erected for the 
Exhibition Galleries, Eefreshment Booms, &c, built to order. 



ALSO SEVERAL 



CHAPELS, 8CH00L8, CLUB & READING ROOMS 

ON SHOW AT THE WORKS, ALBERT GATE. 



194 American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



STRENG TH FOB TH E WEAK. 

EPPS'S CUEA-CENE or WINE of OZONE is 

the true strength-giver and health-restorer, nourishing both 
body and brain, supplying mental and physical power, and 
nerve and brain food. It is not at all like medicine, being 
entirely different to anything ever before introduced to the 
public, and tastes likes some balmy, fragrant and delicious 
nectar. 

EPPS'S CUEA-CENE in a few minutes removes all pain, 
purifies and enriches the Blood, thereby rendering the skin clear 
and transparent, and the eyes bright and brilliant, sharpens 
the intellect, strengthens the constitution, re-establishes the 
health, thoroughly re-vitalises the system, and is the one 
unfailing remedy for debility from whatever cause arising. 
EPPS'S CUEA-CENE will also be found highly beneficial 
m all diseases of the Heart, Chest, Liver, Lungs, Kidneys, 
Stomach and Bowels, and there is scarcely a disease but what 
will be benefited by it, and, in all human probability, cured. 
While all other preparations are slow and uncertain in their, 
action, taking days, and sometimes weeks, to produce an effect 
EPPS'S CURA-CENE acts at once and gives strength in one 
hour, and has been known to restore health in less than a week, 
even after the failure of the usual remedies. 

This remarkable preparation not only contains all the 
materials necessary for the foundation of a new constitution and 
preventing or curing disease, but also evolves everything required 
for forming rich, pure and healthy blood, muscle, flesh, bone,, 
brain, etc., and contains the very elements of LIFE. 

This wine is perfectly free from alcohol, cures alcoholic 
craving, and restores to the system whatever it requires, the 
absence of which often causes the debility. The secretions are 
all brought to their natural healthy condition, and physical decay 
arrested. This wine is as certain in its action as that water 
quenches thirst, and it is far more exhilarating and strengthening 
than anything containing alcohol, and its benefits are lasting. In 
bottles at 2s. gd., 4s. 6d., and us., carriage free. Sold by most 
Chemists, but any Chemist not having it in stock will procure it ; 
and there is a great saving in buying the larger sizes. Testimonials 
from Sir Charles Locock, Physician to the Queen ; Mr. Csesar 
Hawkins, Sergeant- Surgeon to the Queen ; Sir Erasmus Wilson, 
Physician, and dozens of other eminent Medical men, sent free. 




& CO, 

366, ALBANY ROAD, CAMBERWELL, 



LOITDOIT. 



Advertisements. 



195 



TORPID LIVER 



CARTERS 

ITTLE 

IVER 

PILLS. 



Positively cured toy 
these .Little Pills. 

They also relieve Dis- 
tress from Dyspepsia, 
Indigestion, and Too 
Hearty Eating. A per- 
fect remedy for Dizzi- 
ness, Nausea, Drowsi- 
ness, Bad Taste in the 
Mouth, Coated Tongue, 
Pain in the Side, etc. 
They regulate the 
Bowels and prevent 
Files. The smallest and 
one pill a dose. 40 in 



Constipation and 

easiest to take. Only . 

a phial. Purely Vegetable, and do not gripe or 

purge, but by their gentle action please all who 

us ± them. Established 1856. Standard Pill of 

th i United States, [n phials at Is. l£d. Sold 

by all Chemists, or sent bv post. 

Illustrated pamphlet free. British Depot, 
46, Ho born Viaduct, London, E.C. 




IftW UkVlSf 

VEGETABLE 

PM-mm 



The Oldest, Best, and most Widely-known 
Family Medicine in the World. 

GET A BOTTLE TO-DAY 

OF 

PERRY DAVIS' PAIN-KILLER. 

It instantly Believes and Cures Severe 
Scalds, Burns, Sprains, Bruises, Tooth- 
ache, Headache, Pains in the Side, Joints, 
and Limbs, all Neuralgic and Rheumatic 
Pains. Taken internally, Cures at once 
Coughs, Sudden Colds, Cramp in the 
Stomach, Colic, Diarrhoea, and Cholera 
Infantum. PAIN-KILLER is the greatest 
Household Medicine, and affords relief not 
to be obtained by other remedies. It har- 
monises the Nervous and Circulating Sys- 
tems of the body, dispels the agony of 
Pain, gives REST, SLEEP, COMFORT, 
QUIETUDE. It is a purely vegetable 
remedy for internal and external use, and 
is always PEBFECTLY SAFE m the hands 
of even the most inexperienced persons. It 
supersedes the use ot dangerous Narcotic 
and Anodyne B medies. Any Chemist can 
supply it at Is. l£d. and 2s. 9d. per bottle. 



MENDS E¥ERYTH!MG. 




MEMOS EVERYTHING 

Wood, Leather, Paper , Ivory.Glass, 
China, Furniture, Bric-a-Brac, &c. 

Strong as Iron, Solid as a Rock. 
The total quantity sold during tha 
past five years amounted to over - 

32 MILLION 

bottles. EVERYBODY WANTS IT. 
All dealers can sell it. Awarded ■ 



Contains no Acid. ALWAYS 



London, 1883. " New Orleans, 1885. 
Pronounced Strongest Glue known 

HEATING 



READY.-NO 
REQUIRED. 



Soli in tin cans for Mechanics and Airateurs. 
Half Pints, Is. 6d.. Pints, 2s. 9d., and Quarts, 
4s 6d. each, and in bottles for family use, at 6d. 
and 13. Samples free by post on rereipt of 
stamps or postal order. Sold by the wholesale 
trade generally, and retailed by Stationers, Fancy 
Goods Dealers, Grocers, Ironmongers, Chemist", 
etc etc. Depot: 46, Holborn Viaduct, London, E.C. 




Like the Perfume Wafted 

from beds of flowers is the breath that has 
been rendered agreeably odorous with 
SOZODONT, which communicates to the 
teeth a marble whiteness, and to the gums 
a roseate tint. Use it, and beautify your 
mouth. 

Price 2s. 6d. One bottle will last six 
months. Sold by the principal Chemists 
and Perfumers. 

NOW READY. --10th Edition 

CONTENTS Symptoms of 

Dyspepsia and Indigestion, 
Special Advice as to Diet and 
Eegimen, Diseases Sympa- 
thetic. Notes for Dyspeptics. 
Beverages. Air and Ventila- 
tion. Particulars of numerous 
Dyspeptic Oases. 

Sent for one Stamp. 

Address Publisher, 46, Kolborn Yiaduct, 
London, E.C. 




196 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



THE 



GLASS DECORATION Co. 

LIMITED. 

82, HATTON GARDEN, LONDON, E,C. 



Mansions, Clubs, Hotels, Restaurants, Saloons of 
Ships, Theatres, &c. 

DECORATED BY THEIR PATENT PROCESS OF 

GILDING BY PRECIPITATION OF GOLD 

On Hyatt's Patented Crystalline Glass, 
Of which this Company are the Sole Proprietors, 

TABLETS, PANELS, FACIAS, FRIEZES OR DADOS 

Painted by Indelible Process on the under surface of the Glass. 

ECONOMICAL, as it requires no renewal — the first cost is the 
last, being impervious to atmospheric influences. 

Exhibits on view at A delaide, Manchester and other Exhibitions. 




N.B. — American Visitors to London are invited to inspect the Exhibits of 
Gilded and Painted Crystalline Glass at the Show Rooms and Offices, 

82, HATTON GARDEN, E. C. 

JOHNSTONS FLUID BEEF OR BOVRIL 

(BEEF FORCE). 

Under the direct patronage of the British, United States, Canadian, 
New Zealand and other Governments. Endorsed by the Medical 
Faculty, used in the leading Hospitals, adopted by Champion 
Cyclists, Oarsmen and Athletes, adapted to the Invalid, the 
Convalescent and the Vigorous, and for Imperfect Mastication, 
Indigestion, Physical Exhaustion, Athletic Training or Mental 
Overstrain, it is the most perfect form of Concentrated Nourish- 
ment at present known. 

Johnston's Fluid Beef or Bo-vril contains a perceptible 
powder, which is the albumen and fibrine, or nutritious con- 
stituents of beef, and by this it may be distinguished from clear 
beef tea. One Ounce of these constituents contains more real 
and direct muscle-forming nourishment than Fifty 'Ounces of 
beef extract or ordinary beef tea, and Two Hundred Guineas will 
be paid to any charitable object if this statement can be refuted. 
Bo-vril is served at Spiers and Pond's and other high-class buffets, 
and at the Ice Castle, American Exhibition. 

Samples Post Free, is. 2d., 25., 3s. gd. 

Cyclists' Lozsnges, Is. Beef Hour, 2s. 6d. Beef Iron and Wine, 3s. 6d. 

Offices : 10, TRINITY SQUARE, TOWER HILL, LONDON. 



Advertisements. 



197 



ciH-'.A.rR, WYST"E"R.T 




w 






"■■'■■■ - ■-•■-:;■■"■ ;:V--U ■-• 




CARPETS 
BEATEN 

BY MACHINERY. 

SIMMONS 



AND 



TULLIDGE. 



XonbonBbbresses: 

Pleasant Grove, York Rd., 
KING'S CROSS. 

Also, 

Station Road, 

CAMBERWELL ; 

Latimer Road, 

NOTTING HILL; 

Sion Road, 

THORNTON HEATH, 



Stand No. 

Machines Sold. 



LEEKEY BROWNE & CO, 

143, REGENT STREET, W, 

TAILORS & BREECHES MAKERS 

RIDING HABITS, &c. 

Best Materials and Latest Fashions. Moderate Prices. 



u 



KNITTED MATTRESS COMPANY," 

CANTON, MASS. 

Boston Office: 102, CHATJITCY STIELIEIET. 

Exhibit at B 32. 

Knitted Carpet Lining, strictly Anti-Moth. Nearly all grit or dust sifts through to the 
floor, and when the carpet is being swept scarcely any dust will rise to settle on the lurniture, 
mouldings, etc. • , 

Knitted Stair Pads are soft and elastic ; hard "sage cannot displace any part. 

Knitted Mattress Pads are made in two thicknesses. A PERFECT LUXURY when 
placed on a WOVEN WIRE BED or Flexible Spring in place of a Mattress for Summer or Hot 
Weather, and for the rest of the year as companion to any Mattress, to increase its sottness, as 
well as to make the bed level and smooth. mrlrd 

Knitted Mattresses, Pillows and Bolsters by our process are equal to the best Curled 
Hair, and some points superior. Cannot become Matted Always of a Spongy J°£tness. 
The Filling is in one whole piece or block ; is quilted by a knitted process which is the most 
elastic of all textile fabrics. No part can become displaced or lumpy. 

CHURCH CUSHIONS, CARRIAGE CUSHIONS and CAR SEATS are filled with our 
Quilted Knitted Filling. Are unequalled by any loose fibre. j~ * Wiwpp 

Knitted Table Padding is superior to any other in use; all others harden or become 
compact by washing, while ours remains soft and elastic. 

For stuffing Upholstered Furniture it is highly recommended. For all purposes ot 
Stuffing, where softness and elasticity are required, it meets and fills all reasonable expectations 

These Gocds are in use fcr Domestic Purposes by the United States Government, and in 
nearly all the Insane Asylums of America. 



198 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



RATIONAL UNION CLUB, 23, Albemarle Street, W 

intact ^'Z^ZflJ^l^f^^^^J^^^ot all shades of political' feeli 



intact the unity and integrity of the British Empire. 



This Club has 

feeling who desire to preserve 



*HiR£ffi^^ t0 the «*»*>* -d status of Members win 



be 



The Members of the following Clubs are admitted at Half the Town Subscription :- 



Army and Navy 

Arthur's 

Arts 

Athenasuui 

Bachelor's 

Badminton 

Beaconsfield 

Boodle's 

Brooks's 

Burlington 

Carlton 

City Carlton 

City Conservative 

City Liberal 

City of London 

Conservative 

Constitutional 

Devonshire 



East India United Service 

Eldon 

Gar rick 

Grafton 

Gresham 

Guards' 

Hogarth 

Isthmian 

Junior Army and Navy 

Junior Athenreum 

Junior Carlton 

Junior Travellers' 

Junior United Service 

Law 

Magistrates' 

Marlborough 

Military and Royal Naval 

National 



National Conservative 

National Liberal 

Naval and Military 

New 

New Athenreum 



Savage 
Savile 
Scottish 
St. George's 
St. James's 



New Oxford and Cambridge St. Stephen's 



Members' Subscription ■ 
No Entrance-fee at piesent. 



New University 

Oriental 

Orleans 

Oxford and Cambridge 

Pall Mall 

Portland 

Pratt's 

Primrose 

Raleigh 

Reform 

Royal Navy 

Salisbury 



Thatched House 

Travellers' 

Turf 

Union 

United Arts 

United Service 

United Universities 

"Wellington 

White's 

Whitehall 

Windham 

York 



Town, Five Guineas; Country, Three Guineas ; Coloaal and Foreign, Two Guineas. 
Candidates' Forms on application to 



The VISCOUNT POLLINGTON, Hon. Sec. 



CANDLAND & CRANE'S BELT DRAW- 
O ERS, a speciality in gentlemen's under- 
clothing. 

^THE BELT DRAWERS in use are produc" 
-l five of various advantageous effects . 

HTHE BELT DRAWERS exert on the 
,, wearer an influence surgically and medi- 
cally beneficia l. 

HTHE BELT DRAWERS give a nice, gentle 
J- and uniform support to the loins, ab- 
domen, &c. 



O^HE BELT DRAWERS, in kinds of mate- 
-L rial suitable for any season or climate. 



^THE BELT DRAWERS are beneficial to 
J- persons of either spare, ordinary, or 
corpulent habit. 



HpHE BELT DRAWERS are moderate in 
-L price, extremely durable, convenient in 
use, simply washable, and retain to the list 
their shape and efficiency. 



npHE BELT DRAWERS.— The original 
-I- makers are SANDLAND and CRANE 
Gentlemen's Hosiers, &c, No. 55, Regent 
Street (next shop to Swan and Edgar's), the 
Quadrant part. Illustrated Prospectus and 
Price List on application. 



A V ^V^ T HEATRE.-MADAME 
f± FAVART.— Mr. Arthur Roberts, Mr 
Josesh Tapley, Mr. Lewin, Mr. C. H. Kenny, 
Mr. Henry Ashley ; Miss Phyllis Broughton 
Miss C. Graham, Miss J. Dene, Miss E. 
Crrahame, Miss Richardson, and Miss Florence 
St. John. Powerful Orchestra and Chorus 
under the direction of Mr. John Crook. Doors' 
open at 7.30 ; commence at eight. Box-office 
open daily from 10.30 till five. 



A VENUE. — MADAME FAVART. — The 
-^ Daily Telegraph says :— '" Madame 
ravart, as now presented, enjoys every advan- 
tage possible to an opera— well mounted, beau- 
tifully dressed, and capitally performed "— 
EVERY EVENING at eight. periormed - 



pvPERA COMIQUE.— "AS IN A LOOK- 
W ING GLASS." — Every Even-in? at 
eight. — Powerful Company. Mr. Herbert 
Standing, Mr. Bucklaw, Mr. A. M. Denison, 
Mr. Compton Coutts, Mr. A. Marcel, Mr 
W. H. Brame, Mr. H. Deane, and M. Marius ; 
Misses Eva Sothern, Maud Williamson, Marie 
Wynter, Ashrord, and Mrs. Bernard-Beere.— 
Lessee, Mr. F. J. HARRIS. 



T/ERBECK.— PICCADILLY HALL.— Daily 
V at three and eight.— M. VERBECK in his 
NEW and WONDERFUL PROGRAMME o l 
SLEIGHT-OF-HAND. Mesmeric experi- 
ments with the audience, encored at every 
performance. Last week but two of the sensa- 
tional illusion, entitled " Verbeckat the Stake," 
which, although unprotected by any Act of 
Parliament, nobody has been able to imitate. 
Triumphant success. 



CRAMER'S THREE YEARS' SYSTEM of HIRING PIANOFORTES. 

Piano Mecaniques, Harmoniums, Church and Chamber Organs, American Organs, &c. A 
Grand, by Broadwood, Two Guineas per Quarter; a Full-Compass Square at 31s. 6d. per 
Quarter ; a Grand, by Collard, at 42s. per Quarter ; and a Walnut Cottage, by Collard, at 
±6 15s. per Quarter. Semi-Grands, Concert Grands, Upright Grands, Oblique Cottages, and 
Pianettes, by Cramer and other great mikers, for Sale or Hire.— J. B. CRAMER & CO. (Inven- 
tions Exhibition Silver Medal awarded for General Good Quality and Moderate Prices of 
Pianos).— 40 to 46, Moorgate Street, E.C. 



Advertisements. 



199 



American Exhibition, C. 22-23. 



Entered at 
Stationers' Hall. 



Jlet/istered' 
No 188. 



ALFRED JUGLA, Royal Glover. 







^"COVENTRY STREET, PICCADILLY, LONDON, W. 

Ci-Devant: NEW YOKK and LIVERPOOL. 

Special Orders promptly executed. Gloves to Measure no Extra Charge. Warranted 

Fit. Observe and Compa re Prices and Quality. 

ADAMS' CHART OF HISTORY. 



u 

o 

r— « 

a 

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c 
o 

<u 

IT) 
« 

u 
o 



o 
o 

C 




[T CO OT 

en co c* 
CO CO N 



a 

a ■ 

G~ u 
CO ~ V 

St; a 

" to O 

o o o 

Pifteq 



The march of fifty-nine centuries is 
delineated, and the great transactions 
cf the world — national, civil, military, 
religious, maritime, architectural in- 
ventive and literary, with the advent 
of great men, are ail pictorially repre- 
sented in their time relations, so that 
an accurate outline of history may 
be rapidly and easily acquired. 

For illustrated circular address 
American Exhibition, London, 

[Corner of Lincoln Avenue and 
Second Street] . 

COLBY & CO., 

PUBLISHERS, 

5, Union Square, New York City, U.S. A,. 



TURKEY, PERSIAN, <& INDIAN CARPETS 

IMPORTED BY THOMAS BONTOE & CO., LATE 

WATSON, BONTOR AND CO., 

Garpet /Iftanufacturers to the IRopal family 

35 AND 36, OLD BOND STREET, 

LONDON, W. 



Exhibition Medals, 1851, 1862, & Dublin, 1865, Hors Concours, Paris, 1878, 

Amsterdam, 1883. 



SUPERIOR BRUSSELS, YELYET, SAXONY, AND ALL OTHER 
CARPETS OF THE NEWEST DESIGN. 



■200 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



ARMOUR & CO., 

CHICAGO___KANSA^CITY. 

Minced Collops, &c. ; also for their ' 

CELEBRATED SOUPS 

OX TAIL, MOCK TURTLE, KIDNEY, MULLIGATAWNY, CHICKEN, GIBLET, &c. 
Number of head slaughtered last year at Chicago alone by ARMOUR CO 

HOGS 1,098,768. I CATTLE 402,886. 

, London Depot-2, TOOLEY STREET, S.E. 



WATERLOO HOUSE 







AND 



SWAN 



AND 



^ % 



EDGAR, 




% 



^^m^ 



BEGENT ST, & PICCADILLY CIRCUS. 

Noted for Choice goods at Manufacturers' Prices, without intermediate profit. 

Large Stocks of Sips,^ostume^rM^U^rD^~Materials Real Laces 

Ho S1 ery, G^ves, Printed Fabrics Outfits, Wedding Trousseaux a^d a 1 

Articles of Fashion. Ind ian Shawls and Rich Furs. 

Patterns, Sketches EstimaU^nd every informa~iio~n~ post free. Goods Shipped to any 
part of the world on receipt of Banker's draft or Post Office Order 



WATERLOO HOUSE & SWAN & EDGAR, Limited. 




S. ROJ.FE, Manager. 



THE VICTOR TURBINE 



Possesses more than double 



y 



J 



Size 
Wheel. 
15-in. 
i7|-in. 
20-in. 
25-in. 
30-in. 



Hd. in ft. 
. 18-06 ., 
. I7'96 .. 
. 18-21 . . 

. .17-90 .. 
. 11-65 •■ 



H.P. 
30-17 

36-35 
49'oo 
68-62 
52-54 



Per cent. 
Useful 
effect. 

• '8932 
- "8930 

• '8532 

• -8584 
. 8676 



the capacity of other Water 
Wheels of same diameter, 
and has produced the best 
results on record, as shown 
in the following tests at 
Holyoake Testing Flume 

With proportionately high Efficiency at Part-gate. 

Such results, together with its nicely-working gate, and simple, 
strong and durable construction, should favourably commend it to 
the attention of all discriminating purchasers. These wheels are of 
very superior workmanship and finish, and of the best material. 
State requirements, and send for Catalogue, to 

FREDERIC NELL, 16, MARK LANE, LONDON, E.C. 

Sole Representative for Europe, Asia and Africa. 



Advertisements. 



201 



PRIESTLEY'S 

2)res8 jfabrics for (3entlewomerw 

Silk-and-Wool and All-Wool. 

Combining the strength and beauty of silk with the richness and softness of finest Australian wool. 

GUARANTEED ONE UNIFORM WIDTH— 44 Inches. 

« THF OUEEN " says : " All are peculiarly soft to the touch." _ ,,. 

- LE FOLLET " says : " Perfect in finish, softness of drapery and thoroughly lasting qualities. 



To be obtained from all lea ding drapers. Trade Mark-" The Varnished Board." 

I PRIESTLEY'S Mills : Albion Works, Laisterdyke, and Dole Mills, Thornton, Yorks. 

INTERNATIONAL AGENCY. 

U 3 PATENTS AND OTHER PROPERTIES NEGOTIATED IN EUROPE. 

European and other Properties Disposed of in United States. 

FOR IMMEDIATE OCCUPATION: 

DESIRABLE MIMING PROPERTIES : GOLD, SILVER, etc 

In ARIZONA and MEXICO. 

D. E. KEATING, Space 546, American Exhibition, 

And MOUNT PLEASANT, PROVIDENCE, R.I. 



WINDOVER'S CELEBRATED AND WORLD-FAMED 

BASKET " RALLI " CAR (registered.) 



, Made to carry two, three or four persons. 

A perfect ladies' carriage. Over 300 m 
iuse in all parts of the world. 

Pitted "withCee springs or elliptic springs 
Made to suit horses, cobs and ponies, ana 
Imoderate in price. 




THE " RALLI " CAR (REGISTERED). 

Can only be obtained from the Inventors and Patentees : 

WINDOVER & Co. (Limited), 175 and 176, New Bond Street; and 30, 34, 32 and 

33, Long Acre, LONDON, W.C. 

CAUriON-No Royalties have been granted to any other Coachbuilders whatever, so beware of spurious; 

imitations. 



i 



202 



American Exhibition Official Catalogue. 



srrj±.jsrjD 216. 

Photogra phy Extr aordinary. 

Visitors should see our Exhibits if they are interested in Amateur Photography. 

The Exhibition Set, Price 3/6. 

Comprising Polished Mahogany 
Bellows-body Camera, Instan- 
taneous Lens, Dry Plates, 
Chemicals, and Instruction 
Book for Amateurs. 

£ s. d. 

The Democrat, superior, 
and Strong 10 6 

The Cosmopolitan, light, 
and compact 1 1 

The Aristocrat, absolute 
perfection 2 2 

The Camunilux, a won- 
derful combination . . 1 10 

Comprising J-plate Camera, En- 
Jpdarging Apparatus, and powerful 

.._...,,, , ^,, jfcpl¥ a gi c • Lantern in one - 4 Lenses, 

=^ ^^ ^felf Condensors, Plates, Chemicals, 
^ ^=^ -^ - etc. 

I§ x 3J, lOd. per dozen. 6£ x 4f, 1/11 per dozen 8£ x 6*, 3/8. 
Photographic Chemicals and other Apparatus equally cheap. "illustrated 

Descriptive Catalogue free, one stamp. 

THE AMERICAN CAMERA COMPANY, 

Corner Eleventh Avenue and West Sixteenth Street, Nev/ York. 
English Depot, 399, Edgware, Road, London, W. 



We are Cheapest 

Camera Makers 

and Dry Plate 

Manufacturers in 

the World . 

o 

NOTE THE PKICES- 




ESTABLISHED 1760, 



B. G!BB 5 SON & CO. 



TAILOES, 



19, ROYAL EXCHANGE, LONDON, E.C. 



AN-D 






•9 



MONTREAL, CANADA, 

SUPPLY GENTLEMEN'S FIBST-CLASS CLOTHING 



Advertisements . 



203 



S. SAINSBURY 




A HIGHLY PERFUMED 

Scent of great refinement, 

strength, and lasting quality, 

VERY ECONOMICAL IN USE. 

Prepared with the finest ENGLISH LAVENDER, 
without any foreign whatever. 



Lavender 

Water. 

176 and 177, STRAND, LONDON. 

At the RAILWAY BOOKSTALLS and GENERALLY THROUGHOUT THE COUNTRY. 

Prices i/-, i/6, 2/-, 3/-, 4/6, and 6/-: Post free, 2d. extra. In neat Cases, suitable for Presents, 

from 3/- to 15/6 ; Post free, 3d. extra. 




1 ' ' r 



RILL 



l|d. per Bath. 



BRACING AND 

REFRESHING. 



EA SALT 

Of all Chemists, &e. 



BORD'S 
PIANOS 



On Sale, with 25 per cent. Discount for Cash, 

or 15s. per month on Three Years' Hire System; 

Second-hand, on Three Years' System, 10s. 6d. 

per Month. Illustrated Lists free of 

CHAS. STBLES & CO., 

42, Southampton Row, Holborn, London, W.C. 
PIANOS EXCHANGED. 



204 / American Exhibition Official Catalogue, 




46 £ZWZsV j !7jS£-£&&ALT0* 



WINDSOR HOTEL, 



FIFTH AVENUE, 46th and 47th STREETS, 
NEW YORK. 

Situated in the most fashionable and central part of the Town. 

This will be found a model Hotel lor every luxury, comfort, and management in all its details 

HAWK & WETHERBEE, Proprietors. 




600 Handsomely Furnished Rooms, at One Dollar per day 



and upwards, 
Which includes Attendance, Lights, etc. 



RESTAURANTS AND CAFES AT VERY MODERATE PRICES. 



Very centrally located, and Convenient to all 

parts of the City. 

Travellers can live well at the Grand Union for less money 
than at any other first-class Hotel in New York. 



Economise time, save your Horses, and wear of Wheels and lyres by using the improved 

" ADJUSTABLE FOOT-LEVER VAN BRAKE." 

Patent 2446. 

Messrs. DUNN & CO., 

Hole |hfmfccs mxh Jltmrafiictum's of 

VAN AND CARRIAGE BRAKES, 

38 7 STAMFOBD STREET, SLIEL 
Works-WHITE HORSE YARD, 39, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, S.E. 

The continued increasing adoption of our Brakes to vans shows the import- 
ance Proprietors attach to reducing risk of accidents as much as possible. The 
Brake easies and saves the horses in reducing the strain on their back sinews, 
loins and withers, incident to a sudden pull up (too frequently necessary in our 
crowded streets), especially on the slippery asphalt and wood roadways. It 
likewise very materially decreases the wear of Wheels and Tyres, and loss of time in 
adjusting the old Skid and Chain, now becoming nearly obsolete. 

For this Brake the Patentees claim an undoubted superiority over all other 
Brakes worked by rods and cranks, these being liable, by the slightest damage to 

Lthe rods, to become ineffective and useless until removed and repaired ; the 
cranks likewise require frequent oiling and attention, and, being unadjustable, are at 
all times hard work for the drivers ; whereas this Brake, being worked simply by 
a chain over rollers, with an adjustable screw in the centre of the chain, can be easily 
and momentarily adjusted without removal, the same brake power being attained 
with considerably less manual labour, and consequent safety to the driver. 

This Brake on one wheel is thoroughly efficient, fully up to six tons. It is 
worked by a treadle fixed in the foot-board (so leaving both hands free to the 
driver, a necessity so long required in the streets of London), acting on the off 
hind wheel, or both wheels if desired. 

Its value and efficiency is attested by the firms who have it in use, the 
names and addresses of a few of whom are appended. 

The SOUTH-EASTERN RAILWAY COMPANY. 
The SOUTH-WESTERN RAILWAY COMPANY. 
Messrs. SHOOLBRED & Co., Tottenham Court Road. 
Jt „ COURAGE & Co., Shadwell, E. 

IND & COOPE, Romford, 
HAMPTON & Co., Pall Mall East. 
PINK & SONS. Staple Street, E. 
HOOPER & Co., Pall Mall East. 

HANSON, SON & BARTER, 20, Botolph Lane, E.C. 
EASTWOOD & Co., Belvedere Road, S.E. 
SAVILLE BROS., Deptford, S.E. 
,, LELEU & CO., 105, Lower Thames Street, E.C. 
SIMMONDS & MORTON, Belvedere Road, S.E. 
BARRETT & Co., 87, Wandsworth Road, S.W. 
HOLLAND & HANNEN, Duke Street, Oxford Street, W. 
FRY & SONS, City Road, E.C. 
„ MORRELL, Brewers, Oxford. 

ATKINSON & Co., Westminster Bridge Road, S.E. 
N. REID & Co., Brewers, Windsor. 
„ JENNINGS & Co., Lambeth, S.E. 

WRIGHT & Co., Commercial Road, E. 
The CITY OF LONDON BREWERY COMPANY. 
Mr. LIVERSIDGE, Old Street, E. 
„ DUTFIELD, Commercial Road, E. 
„ W. WHITELEY, Westbourne Grove, W. 
„ SETH TAYLOR, Waterloo Mills, S.E. 
&c, &c, &c, &c. 

We are now enabled, in consequence of improved mechanism in manufacture, to fix Brakes 

complete AT OUR YARD from 39/6 per Van. 
WHEELWRIGHTS AND THE TRADE SUPPLIED. 

Proprietors are warned [against spurious and inferior imitations, 



Economise time, save your Horses, and wear of Wheels and Tyres by using the Improved 

"ADJUSTABLE FOOT-LEVER VAN BRAKE." 

Messrs. DUNN & CO., 

£olc tLiltiilcts iinb Iflamifacfutrrs of 

VAN AND CARRIAGE BRAKES, 

38 ? st^jve:b~ , o:rjd street, et.iE. 

Works -WHITE HORSE YARD, 39, WESTMINSTER BRIDGE ROAD, S.E, 



ESTABLISHED 1835. 



The continued increasing adoption of our Brakes to vans shows the import- 
ance Proprietors attach to reducing risk of accidents as much as possible. The 
Brake eaiiies and saves the horses in reducing the strain on their back sinews, 
loins and withers, incident to a sudden pull up (too frequently necessary in our 
crowded streets), especially on the slippery asphalt and wood roadways. It 
likewise very materially decreases the wear of Wheels and Tyres, and loss of time in 
adjusting the old Skid and Chain, now becoming nearly obsolete. 

For this Brake the Patentees claim an undoubted superiority over all other 
Brakes worked by rods and cranks, these being liable, by the slightest damage to 
the rods, to become ineffective and useless until removed and repaired; the 
cranks likewise require frequent oiling and attention, and, being unailjushible, are at 
all times hard work for the drivers ; whereas this Brake, being worked simply by 
a chain over rollers, with an adjustable screw in the centre of the chain, can be easily 
and momentarily adjusted without removal, the same brake power being attained 
with considerably less manual labour, and consequent safety to the driver. 

This Brake on one wheel is thoroughly efficient, fully up to six tons. It is 
worked by a treadle fixed in the foot-board (so leaving both hands free to the 
driver, a necessity so long required in the streets of London), acting on the off 
hind wheel, or both wheels if desired. 

Its value and efficiency is attested by the firms who have it in use, the 
names and addresses of a few of whom are appended. 

Tlie SOUTH-KASTKKN RAILWAY COMPANY. 
Th<! SOUTH-WKSTKRN RAILWAY COMPANY. 
Messrs, SHOOLBRED A Co., Totttitliam Court Road. 
COURAGE & Co., Shadwell, H. 
„ IND K: COOPE, Romford, 
„ HAMPTON & Co., Pall Mall East. 
„ PINK & SONS. Staple Street, E. 
HOOPER & Co., Pall Mall East, 

HANSON, SON & BARTER, 20. Botolpli Lane, E.C. 
EASTWOOD & Co., Belvedere Road, S.E. 
SAVILLE BROS., Deptford, S.E. 
„ LELEU & CO., 105, Lower Thames Street, E.C. 
„ SIMMONDS K MORTON, Belvedere Road, S.E. 

BARRETT & Co., $ 7 , Wandsworth Road, S.W. 
„ HOLLAND & HANNKN, Duke Street, On lord Street, W, 
„ PRY & SONS, City Road, E.C. 

MORRELL, Brewers. Oxford. 
„ ATKINSON & Co., Westminster Bridge Road, S.E. 

N. REID & Co., Brewers, Windsor. 
„ JENNINGS & Co., Lambeth, S.E. 

WRIGHT A Co., Commercial Road, E. 
The CITY OE LONDON BREWERY COMPANY. 
Mr, LIVERSIDGE, Old Street, E. 
„ DUTPIELD, Commercial Road, E. 
„ W. WIIITELEY, Westboume Grove, W. 
„ SETH TAYLOR, Waterloo Mills, S.E. 

&C, &G., StGi, &C, 

Wo ore now enabled, in consequence of improved mechanism in manufacture, to fix Brakes 
complete AT OUR YARD from 39/6 per Van. 

WHEELWRIGHTS AND THE TRADE SUPPLIED. 

Proprietors are warned [againgt spurious and inferior imitations, 



BY ROYAL 



APPOINTMENT. 



Also to H.R.H. the VICEROY OF EGYPT, and CONTRACTOR to HER 
MAJESTY'S CAVALRY and the GOVERNMENT OF INDIA. 

URCH~&TC0. 







JB- t 






SADDLE AND HARNESS MANUFACTURERS. 



Single, Double, Pair Horse, Tandem, Four-in-Hand, 
and Harness of every Style. 

EXERCISE, RACING, PARK, HUNTING, and EVERY DESCRIPTION 
AND STYLES of SADDLES, HORSE CLOTHING, Ac, 

Of the Best Materials and Workmanship at Moderate Prices. 
NO MACHINE WORK. 

URCH & CO., 84, LONG ACRE, LONDON, W.C. 

SOLE AGENTS for 
DOVEY'S PATENT DOUBLE SPEING BARS. 

American Orders punctually attended to, and shipped through 
our Agents at London and New York, 



STANDIDGE & CO., 

CHROMO-LITHOGRAPHERS, DRAUGHTSMEN & PRINTERS, 

36, OLD JEWRY, 

And 24, White Stheet, Mooefields, E.G. 

Lithographers to the Metropolitan Board of Works— to 
the School Board for London— to the American Exhibi- 
tion — and Contractors to Companies, Corporations, 
Auctioneers, etc. 

DEVONSHIRE CIDERr 

Bottlers and the Trade generally supplied with a superior article for Export and Home 
Consumption. 

JOHN SYMONS & CO. 

Have been awarded, Tor their Cider and (Sparkling) Wines, 

Gold Medal, Paris, 1885; Gold Medal, Calcutta, 1883-4; Gold Medal, London, 1884 

Silver Medal, Healtheries, 1884 ; and First-Class Prize Medal, Cork, 1883. 

Specially prepared for Export. Early orders solicited. 



JOHN SYMONS & CO, TOTNES, DEVON, 

Ratcliffe, LONDON, and Frederick Street, LIVERPOOL. 

REEVES, PARYIN & GO. 

Of PHILADELPHIA, PENN, 

EXHIBIT TOWERS OF 

CLAJSOsTIEID TOMATOES, 

Some in Tins, some in Glass Bottles. Their excellence is claimed to rest upon — 
r. Long experience (25 years). 

2. Best location and cultivation of Farms in New Jersey. 

3. Special processing, by which the full natural flavour of the Tomato is 

preserved. 

COLUMN B. COLUMN No. 65. 

Yours truly, REEVES, PARVIN & CO. 

WARE'S SPECIALITIES. 

CHOICE HARDY PERENNIALS, some of which are planted in the 
Grounds of this Exhibition. 

CHOICE HARDY BULBS, including tremendous collections of Narcissus, 
Lilies, Gladiolus, Iris and Begonias. 

CHOICE HARDY FLORISTS' FLOWERS, including Dahlias. A few 
thousands are planted in the Grounds of this Exhibition — also Chrysan- 
themums and Carnations. 

Catalogues may be hail upon application. 

THOMAS S. WARE, 

HALE FARM NURSERIES, TOTTENHAM, LONDON, ENGLAND, 



THOMAS & SONS' 

IMPROVED 

KNICKERBOCKER BREECHEls" 

FOR/ "WELKIN" G OB taiDiwo. 

Vide "THE FIELD,.. ,„, 
ip, 1884 

" 1 he object Has been tl , com . 
bine the looseness and fr re ,j on , 
of knickerbockers at and above 
the knee with the fit of Br,. cc hes 

below it, and the result E(Up earfl 
to ns entirely satisfactory,/" 

CAN BE WOUN WITH LEqUtngs 
OR STOCKINGS. 

Patterns and Self. Measurement, 
Forma forwarded on applic L y onp 

HUNTING, RACING, and P0 L0 
BREECHES, perfect if, stv ] e 
and fit. 

THOMAS & SONS' celojbrated 
WATERPROOF TW, EDS 

.-.n.! ■ 1i..i<-.- SCOTCH & 1 " RISH 

HOMESPUNS, f '.In,,,, 1 

Shooting Suits, 
Ordcn receive prompt nUrnh aHt 

THOMAS & SONS, Sporting and Military Tailors and Breeches Inkers, 
|m. sol'TII MOLTON stukkt. w. 

TELEPHONE, 3674. 

NEWMAN & CO., 



'-~Z** 




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DLDl'STAIII. 



Hiult anti jtost Hflra* JKaataL 

153^-, IR/ZEGKElsrT STREET, "W"., 

ANI> 

BLENHEIM YARD, BLENHEIM STREET, BOND STREET, W. 

VALUABLE JO.'B HORSES. 

Well-appointed Carriages of every description, with 
Respectable Coachmen, in Livery. 

PRIVATE FOUR-HORSE COACHES 

K... Races, &c. 

OMNIBUSES AND WAGGONETTE BREAKS. 

N.B. -Orders by Post should bo addressed to 153a, Regent Stnw t, W. 



KRONTHALER 



NATURAL SPARKLING 






ERAL WATER. 



FAVOURITE 

AMERICAN DRINK. 



SIX GOLD MEDALS AND FIRST PRIZES, 



Sold at the Leviathan American Bars, "Wild West" side. 

HEAD OFFICE: 

14, WATER LANE, GREAT TOWER ST., 

LOHDO IN". 

NEW YORK: 67, BROAD STREET. 



MAX SUTAINE'S 



REIMS 



(Established 1823.) 



CHAMPAGNES 



SOLD AT THE 



Leviathan American Bars. 




Howl Bppotntuients 
HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN 
H.R.H. THE PRINCESS OF WALES. 
H.R.H. THE DUCHESS OF CAMBRIDGE 
II. I. II. THE CROWN PRINCESS 01 GERMANY. 
HER MAJESTY THE LATE QUEEN ADELAIDE 
H.R.H. THE LATE PRINCESS LOUIS OF HESSE, 



Messrs. JAY 

have the honour to solicit a visit from the BEAU MONDE to inspect 
a variety of 

ELEGANT SILK COSTUMES, MANTLES, 
ARTISTIC MILLINERY, HATS, 

and every variety in DRESS, specially selected in PARIS from tho 
Best Artists, and representing the correct 

FASHIONS OF THE SEASON. 

The following Extract from an American Pafar ft a phasing testimony to th< ysttm 
of Business adopted at this House j— 

"We visited during our sojourn in London last year the Warehouse of 
Messrs. Jay, the most noted Establishment of the Kind in the world, In 
looking through its numerous Departments we were able to appreciate tllQ true 
cause of the distinguished success which has attended the Establishment for 
many years. 

"Messrs. Jay receive large supplies of Costumes and Millinery dim i l 

the nrst Houses in Paris, and they are sold ,it much more moderate prices than 
Ladies can procure them on the Continent. We take pleasure in directing the 
attention of our fair readers to this time-honoured Establishment, where wo aro 
sure they will be honestly and loyally dealt with." 



243, 245, 247, 249, 251, & 253, REGENT STREET, 

LONDON. 



KRONTHALEH 

NATURAL SPARKLING 

MINERAL WATER. 

FAVOURITE 

AMERICAN DRINK 



SIX GOLD MEDALS AND FIRST PRIZES. 



Sold at the Leviathan American Bars, "Wild West " sid 



HEAD OFFICE: 



14, WATER LANE, GREAT TOWER 8T 

LOITDO 1ST. 

NEW YORK: 67, BROAD STREET 















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